2. Academic Validation
  3. YAP ISGylation increases its stability and promotes its positive regulation on PPP by stimulating 6PGL transcription

YAP ISGylation increases its stability and promotes its positive regulation on PPP by stimulating 6PGL transcription

  • Cell Death Discov. 2022 Feb 11;8(1):59. doi: 10.1038/s41420-022-00842-8.
Xiangfei Xue 1,  Xiaoting Tian 2,  Congcong Zhang 3,  Yayou Miao 2,  Yikun Wang 2,  Yingxiu Peng 4,  Shiyu Qiu 2,  Hong Wang 5,  Jiangtao Cui 6,  Leiqun Cao 3,  Fenyong Sun 1,  Yongxia Qiao 7,  Xiao Zhang 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
  • 2 Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
  • 3 School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, China.
  • 4 Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, China.
  • 5 School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
  • 6 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
  • 7 School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. [email protected].
  • 8 Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China. [email protected].
PMID: 35149670 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00842-8
Abstract

Yes-associated protein (YAP) activation is crucial for tumor formation and development, and its stability is regulated by ubiquitination. ISGylation is a type of ubiquitination like post-translational modification, whereas whether YAP is ISGylated and how ISGylation influences YAP ubiquitination-related function remains uncovered. In addition, YAP can activate glucose metabolism by activating the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and glycolysis, and generate a large number of intermediates to promote tumor proliferation. However, whether YAP stimulates the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), another tumor-promoting glucose metabolism pathway, and the relationship between this stimulation and ISGylation needs further investigation. Here, we found that YAP was ISGylated and this ISGylation inhibited YAP ubiquitination, Proteasome degradation, interaction with-beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (βTrCP) to promote YAP stability. However, ISGylation-induced pro-YAP effects were abolished by YAP K497R (K, lysine; R, arginine) mutation, suggesting K497 could be the major YAP ISGylation site. In addition, YAP ISGylation promoted cell viability, cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor formation. YAP ISGylation also increased downstream genes transcription, including one of the key enzymes of PPP, 6-phosphogluconolactonase (6PGL). Mechanistically, YAP promoted 6PGL transcription by simultaneously recruiting Smad Family member 2 (SMAD2) and TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) binding to the 6PGL promoter to activate PPP. In clinical lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) specimens, we found that YAP ISGylation degree was positively associated with 6PGL mRNA level, especially in high glucose LUAD tissues compared to low glucose LUAD tissues. Collectively, this study suggested that YAP ISGylation is critical for maintaining its stability and further activation of PPP. Targeting ISGylated YAP might be a new choice for hyperglycemia Cancer treatment.

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