1. Immunology/Inflammation Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK JAK/STAT Signaling Epigenetics Stem Cell/Wnt
  2. Toll-like Receptor (TLR) JAK STAT
  3. Atractylenolide I

Atractylenolide I is a sesquiterpene derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, possesses diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Atractylenolide I reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, and acts as a TLR4-antagonizing agent.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Atractylenolide I Chemical Structure

Atractylenolide I Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 73069-13-3

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
USD 119 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 119 In-stock
Solid
1 mg USD 47 In-stock
5 mg USD 99 In-stock
10 mg USD 165 In-stock
50 mg USD 539 In-stock
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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Atractylenolide I is a sesquiterpene derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, possesses diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Atractylenolide I reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, and acts as a TLR4-antagonizing agent.

IC50 & Target

TLR7

 

TLR9

 

In Vitro

Atractylenolide I (40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150 μM) dose- and time-dependently reduces the cell viability in human A375 melanoma cells after treatment for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Atractylenolide I (50 and 100 μM) induces apoptosis of A375 cells in a dose-dependent manner at 48 h of treatment. Atractylenolide I (100 μM) significantly reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, without effect on total JAK2 and STAT3. Furthermore, Atractylenolide I inhibits the mRNA expression of STAT3-targeted genes, including Bcl-xL, MMP-2 and MMP-9[1]. Atractylenolide I (up to 100 μM) shows no toxicity in normal cells. Atractylenolide I (25, 50 μM) decreases the Ox-LDL induced TNF-α, IL-6 and NO production in VSMCs. Atractylenolide I (12.5, 25 or 50 μM) significantly reduces the level of MCP-1 and inhibits Ox-LDL-induced VSMCs proliferation and migration. Atractylenolide I (25, 50 μM) inhibits positive staining of foam cells, and also significantly decreases lipid accumulation. Atractylenolide I (50 μM) suppresses p38MAPK and NF-κB p65 expression in VSMCs stimulated by Ox-LDL[3]. Atractylenolide I (1, 10, 100 μM) downregulates paclitaxel-induced expression of VEGF and survivin via MyD88-dependent TLR4 signaling in EOC cells[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Atractylenolide I (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg, p.o.) restores the decreased body weight in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Atractylenolide I alleviates CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior, attenuates CUMS-induced imbalances in hippocampal neurotransmitter levels and reduces CUMS-induced increases in hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and in the NLRP3 inflammasome in the hippocampi of mice[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

230.30

Formula

C15H18O2

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light yellow

SMILES

O=C1C(C)=C(C[C@@]23[H])C(O1)=C[C@@]3(C)CCCC2=C

Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (434.22 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.3422 mL 21.7108 mL 43.4216 mL
5 mM 0.8684 mL 4.3422 mL 8.6843 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

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Volume (start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.86 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.86 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Dosing volume
(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
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+
%
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.87%

References
Cell Assay
[3]

Briefly, serum starved VSMCs are pre-treated with indicated concentration of Atractylenolide I for 1 h followed by stimulation with Ox-LDL for 24 h. The purple formazan crystals formed after addition of MTT are solubilized in DMSO and absorbance is measured at 540 nm. The viability or proliferation rate is calculated as percentage of control (untreated VSMCs)[3].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration
[2]

Mice[2]
After adaption for one week, 48 male ICR mice are randomly divided into six groups (eight mice per group): Control group (unstressed + saline vehicle), model group (CUMS + saline vehicle), three Atractylenolide I treatment groups (CUMS + Atractylenolide I) and a fluoxetine group (CUMS + FLU). From the 4th week, Atractylenolide I (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) is daily administered by oral gavage for 3 weeks. After the last administration of Atractylenolide I or fluoxetine, behavioral tests are performed[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 4.3422 mL 21.7108 mL 43.4216 mL 108.5541 mL
5 mM 0.8684 mL 4.3422 mL 8.6843 mL 21.7108 mL
10 mM 0.4342 mL 2.1711 mL 4.3422 mL 10.8554 mL
15 mM 0.2895 mL 1.4474 mL 2.8948 mL 7.2369 mL
20 mM 0.2171 mL 1.0855 mL 2.1711 mL 5.4277 mL
25 mM 0.1737 mL 0.8684 mL 1.7369 mL 4.3422 mL
30 mM 0.1447 mL 0.7237 mL 1.4474 mL 3.6185 mL
40 mM 0.1086 mL 0.5428 mL 1.0855 mL 2.7139 mL
50 mM 0.0868 mL 0.4342 mL 0.8684 mL 2.1711 mL
60 mM 0.0724 mL 0.3618 mL 0.7237 mL 1.8092 mL
80 mM 0.0543 mL 0.2714 mL 0.5428 mL 1.3569 mL
100 mM 0.0434 mL 0.2171 mL 0.4342 mL 1.0855 mL
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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Atractylenolide I
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