Cat. No.: HY-N0141

Parthenolide

(Synonyms: (-)-Parthenolide)

40 Cited Publications

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Based on 40 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone found in the medicinal herb Feverfew. Parthenolide exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB activation; also inhibits HDAC1 protein without affecting other class I/II HDACs.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.91%
CAS No.: 20554-84-1
Formula: C₁₅H₂₀O₃
Molecular Weight:248.32

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Parthenolide Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 20554-84-1

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (40)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

NF-κB

Autophagy

Mitophagy

IKKβ

All NF-κB Isoforms :

All IKK Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A-431	IC₅₀	2.57 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Antiproliferative activity against human A431 wild type cells measured after 72 hrs by Sulforhodamine B assay Antiproliferative activity against human A431 wild type cells measured after 72 hrs by Sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 31889606]
A498	GI₅₀	7.04 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human A498 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human A498 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
A549	GI₅₀	91.8 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human A549/ATCC cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human A549/ATCC cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
A549	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35090346]
A549	IC₅₀	22.03 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
Bel-7402	IC₅₀	8.62 μM Compound: PTL	Antiproliferative activity against human Bel7402 incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human Bel7402 incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31553932]
Bel7402/5-FU	IC₅₀	12.98 μM Compound: PTL	Antiproliferative activity against human Bel7402/5-FU incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human Bel7402/5-FU incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 31553932]
Caco-2	IC₅₀	23.4 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human Caco2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human Caco2 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
CAKI-1	GI₅₀	9.35 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human Caki1 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human Caki1 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
CCRF-CEM	GI₅₀	9.16 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human CCRF-CEM cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human CCRF-CEM cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
CCRF-CEM	GI₅₀	9.16 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Growth inhibition of human CCRF-CEM cells Growth inhibition of human CCRF-CEM cells	[PMID: 38107170]
COLO 205	GI₅₀	14.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human COLO205 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human COLO205 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
EKVX	GI₅₀	17.3 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human EKVX cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human EKVX cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
EOL1	IC₅₀	7.5 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human EOL-1 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human EOL-1 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 29350920]
HCC 2998	GI₅₀	24.1 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HCC2998 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HCC2998 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
HCT-116	GI₅₀	10.8 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
HCT-15	GI₅₀	10.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HCT15 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HCT15 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
HEK293	IC₅₀	3.1 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
HeLa	IC₅₀	2.1 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34665635]
HeLa	IC₅₀	23.08 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
HepG2	IC₅₀	5.6 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34665635]
HL-60(TB)	GI₅₀	5.71 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HL-60(TB) cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HL-60(TB) cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
HOP-62	GI₅₀	49 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HOP62 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HOP62 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
HOP-92	GI₅₀	13.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HOP92 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HOP92 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
HT-29	GI₅₀	23.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human HT-29 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human HT-29 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
IGROV-1	GI₅₀	21.1 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human IGROV1 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human IGROV1 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
K562	GI₅₀	22.6 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human K562 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human K562 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
KM12	GI₅₀	16.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human KM12 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human KM12 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
LOX IMVI	GI₅₀	8.24 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human LOXIMVI cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human LOXIMVI cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
Malme-3M	GI₅₀	13.8 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human MALME-3M cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human MALME-3M cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
MCF7	GI₅₀	16.4 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by AlamarBlue assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by AlamarBlue assay	[PMID: 35665692]
MCF7	IC₅₀	27.71 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
MCF7	IC₅₀	5.8 μM Compound: PTD	Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells measured after 24 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human MCF7 cells measured after 24 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 27448920]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	4.36 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
MEC1	EC₅₀	6.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Antiproliferative activity against human MEC1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by alamar blue assay Antiproliferative activity against human MEC1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by alamar blue assay	[PMID: 32952998]
MOLM-13	IC₅₀	10 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human MOLM13 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human MOLM13 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 29350920]
MOLT-4	GI₅₀	14.3 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human MOLT4 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human MOLT4 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
NCI/ADR-RES	GI₅₀	15 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human NCI/ADR-RES cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human NCI/ADR-RES cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
NCI-H226	GI₅₀	20.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H226 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H226 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
NCI-H23	GI₅₀	20.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H23 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H23 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
NCI-H322M	GI₅₀	21.7 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H322M cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H322M cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
NCI-H460	GI₅₀	18.8 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	9.6 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 35090346]
NCI-H522	GI₅₀	5.47 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human NCI-H522 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human NCI-H522 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
OVCAR-3	GI₅₀	17.4 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human OVCAR3 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human OVCAR3 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
OVCAR-4	GI₅₀	21.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human OVCAR4 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human OVCAR4 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
OVCAR-5	GI₅₀	34.1 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human OVCAR5 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human OVCAR5 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
OVCAR-8	GI₅₀	17.1 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human OVCAR8 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human OVCAR8 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
PC-3	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human PC-3 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human PC-3 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34665635]
PC-3	IC₅₀	13.01 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
RPMI-8226	GI₅₀	8.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human RPMI8226 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human RPMI8226 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
RPMI-8226	GI₅₀	8.2 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Growth inhibition of human RPMI-8226 cells Growth inhibition of human RPMI-8226 cells	[PMID: 38107170]
RXF 393	GI₅₀	12.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human RXF393 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human RXF393 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SF-268	GI₅₀	25.1 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SF-295	GI₅₀	28.9 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SF295 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SF295 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SF-539	GI₅₀	18.9 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SF539 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SF539 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SK-MEL-2	GI₅₀	16.2 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-2 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SK-MEL-28	GI₅₀	21 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-28 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-28 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SK-MEL-28	IC₅₀	4.9 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-28 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-28 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 68 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 34665635]
SK-MEL-5	GI₅₀	17.4 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-5 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SK-MEL-5 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SK-OV-3	GI₅₀	54.7 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SKOV3 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SKOV3 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SN12C	GI₅₀	22.8 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SN12C cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SN12C cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SNB-19	GI₅₀	70.9 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SNB19 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SNB19 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SNB-75	GI₅₀	48.4 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SNB75 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SNB75 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
SW-620	GI₅₀	14.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human SW620 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human SW620 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
TK-10	IC₅₀	6.4 μM Compound: PTD	Growth inhibition of human TK10 cells measured after 24 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human TK10 cells measured after 24 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 27448920]
U-251	GI₅₀	41.5 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human U251 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human U251 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
U-87MG ATCC	IC₅₀	4.86 μM Compound: Parthenolide	Cytotoxicity against human U87MG cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human U87MG cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27232656]
UACC-257	GI₅₀	14.4 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human UACC257 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human UACC257 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
UACC-62	GI₅₀	16.8 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human UACC62 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human UACC62 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]
UACC-62	IC₅₀	15 μM Compound: PTD	Growth inhibition of human UACC62 cells measured after 24 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human UACC62 cells measured after 24 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 27448920]
UO-31	GI₅₀	41.9 μM Compound: 1; PTL	Growth inhibition of human UO31 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Growth inhibition of human UO31 cells incubated for 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 28525840]

In Vitro

Parthenolide (PTL) has a dose-dependent growth inhibition effect on NSCLC cells Calu-1, H1792, A549, H1299, H157, and H460. Parthenolide can induce cleavage of apoptotic proteins such as CASP8, CASP9, CASP3 and PARP1 both in concentration- and time-dependent manner in tested lung cancer cells, indicating that apoptosis is trigged after Parthenolide exposure. In addition to induction of apoptosis, Parthenolide also induces G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest in a concentration-dependent manner in A549 cells and G₂/M cell cycle arrest in H1792 cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Only Parthenolide, the HDAC inhibitor with anti-inflammatory features, displayed a potent anti-apoptotic effect in Phb1 KO hepatocytes. Indeed, TSA and Parthenolide-treated hepatocytes showed increased levels of FXR, and reduced levels of CYP7A1, HDAC4, TNFα, TRAIL and Bax suggesting a less toxic effect of bile acids as a results of specific HDAC inhibition, resulting in the attenuation of the Phb1 KO hepatocytes apoptotic response. Importantly, Parthenolide exerts a protective effect from the liver injury after BDL in Phb1 KO mice. Indeed, Parthenolide treatment results in a reduction of the mortality rate of this mice after BDL associated with a lower apoptotic response as revealed by a reduction of necrotic areas, Tunel-staining, as well as decreased ALT (8431±957 vs.4225±210 U/L) and AST (4805±300 vs.2242±438 U/L) activities compared to control Phb1 KO mice^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 20554-84-1
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 248.32
Formula C₁₅H₂₀O₃
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C/C1=C\CC[C@@](C)(O2)[C@H]2[C@@H](OC(C3=C)=O)[C@H]3CC1
Synonyms

(-)-Parthenolide
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Sesquiterpenes
Initial Source
- Plants
- Compositae
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (40)

All Cell Imaging/StainingIn Vivo Efficacy StudyHistological Imaging/StainingWBFlow CytometryIF

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell Metab

Maltol induces diabetic fragility fractures by disrupting the balance of bone remodeling. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 27:S1550-4131(26)00095-1. PMID: 41903530
Cell Res

Signal-induced NLRP3 phase separation initiates inflammasome activation. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 1. PMID: 40164768

Parthenolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Res. 2025 Apr 1. [Abstract]

Parthenolide (PTL; 10 μM; 1.5 h). Live cell images of HeLa cells stably expressing mNG-hNLRP3 untreated (Control), or pretreated with DMSO, or 10 μM PTL for 30 min, followed by 40 μg/mL Imiquimod for 1 h.
Gut Microbes

Gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes the development of epithelial ovarian cancer via regulating Hedgehog signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2221093. PMID: 37282604

Parthenolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2221093. [Abstract]

Parthenolide (PTL; 10 mg/kg; ip). The weight of tumor in M, P, MT and MP groups on 90 day (n = 5) (M: EOC modeling; P: PTL i.P. after modeling; MT: oral gavage with fecal microbiota of patients with EOC after modeling; MP: oral gavage with fecal microbiota of patients with EOC meanwhile PTL i.P. after modeling).

Parthenolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2221093. [Abstract]

Parthenolide (PTL; 10 mg/kg; ip). H&E staining images of intestine tissues were presented after treatments of mice from M, P, MT and MP groups. (M: EOC modeling; P: PTL i.P. after modeling; MT: oral gavage with fecal microbiota of patients with EOC after modeling; MP: oral gavage with fecal microbiota of patients with EOC meanwhile PTL i.P. after modeling).

Parthenolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2221093. [Abstract]

Parthenolide (PTL; 10 mg/kg; ip). Western blot analysis in the expression of TLR − 4, MyD88, p-p65 and p65 in tumor tissues. (M: EOC modeling; P: PTL i.P. after modeling; MT: oral gavage with fecal microbiota of patients with EOC after modeling; MP: oral gavage with fecal microbiota of patients with EOC meanwhile PTL i.P. after modeling
Cancer Lett

Inhibition of NF-κB results in anti-glioma activity and reduces temozolomide-induced chemoresistance by down-regulating MGMT gene expression. [Abstract]

2018 Aug 1:428:77-89. PMID: 29705182
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

MGMT-activated DUB3 stabilizes MCL1 and drives chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. [Abstract]

2019 Feb 19;116(8):2961-2966. PMID: 30718431
Phytomedicine

Parthenolide inhibits methamphetamine-induced depressive-like behavior by targeting ADORA2A. [Abstract]

2026 May:154:158030. PMID: 41795299
Phytomedicine

Parthenolide attenuates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension through inhibiting STAT3 signaling. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 22:134:155976. PMID: 39265445
Phytomedicine

Corylin inhibits the progression of Non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway via targeting p65. [Abstract]

2023 Feb:110:154627. PMID: 36610351
Br J Pharmacol

Silibinin, a commonly used therapeutic agent for non-alcohol fatty liver disease, functions through upregulating intestinal expression of fibroblast growth factor 15/19. [Abstract]

2024 Oct;181(19):3663-3684. PMID: 38839561
J Transl Med

Parthenolide improves sepsis-induced coagulopathy by inhibiting mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells through BRD4/BCL-xL pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 17;23(1):80. PMID: 39825405
Biomed Pharmacother

Parthenolide alleviates cognitive dysfunction and neurotoxicity via regulation of AMPK/GSK3β(Ser9)/Nrf2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Dec 31:169:115909. PMID: 37992573
Cell Death Discov

Parthenolide promotes the repair of spinal cord injury by modulating M1/M2 polarization via the NF-κB and STAT 1/3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2020 Oct 6;6:97. PMID: 33083018

Parthenolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Discov. 2020 Oct 6;6:97. [Abstract]

Representative flow cytometry histograms of iNOS⁺, or CD16⁺ BV2 cells under LPS stimulation for 24 h in the presence or absence of Parthenolide (PN; 1 μM).

Parthenolide purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Discov. 2020 Oct 6;6:97. [Abstract]

Representative images of F4/80 (red) and Arg1 (green) immunohistochemical staining of BV2 cells under LPS stimulation for 24 h in the presence or absence of Parthenolide (PN; 1 μM).
Antioxidants (Basel)

Parthenolide Restores Testosterone Biosynthesis After Nanoplastic Exposure by Blocking ROS-Driven NF-κB Nuclear Translocation. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 31;14(11):1315. PMID: 41300472
J Pineal Res

2024 Jan 31.
Cancer Cell Int

Parthenolide inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting epidermal growth factor receptor. [Abstract]

2020 Nov 23;20(1):561. PMID: 33292235
Eur J Med Chem

Identification of a novel PDE4 inhibitor inspired by leoligin-derived lignans. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 20;302(Pt 1):118285. PMID: 41124883
J Ethnopharmacol

A metabolomics approach reveals metabolic disturbance of human cholangiocarcinoma cells after parthenolide treatment. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 28:328:118075. PMID: 38513779
Int Immunopharmacol

Parthenolide ameliorates diabetic retinopathy by suppressing microglia-induced Müller cell gliosis and inflammation via the NF-κB signalling. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 4:151:114219. PMID: 40022819
Int Immunopharmacol

Parthenolide alleviates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via MAPK/TRIM31/NLRP3 signaling to ameliorate cognitive disorder. [Abstract]

2023 Jul:120:110287. PMID: 37182449
Int Immunopharmacol

Parthenolide ameliorates neurological deficits and neuroinflammation in mice with traumatic brain injury by suppressing STAT3/NF-κB and inflammasome activation. [Abstract]

2022 Jul:108:108913. PMID: 35729839
Cancers (Basel)

Drug Repurposing to Identify a Synergistic High-Order Drug Combination to Treat Sunitinib-Resistant Renal Cell Carcinoma. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 6;13(16):3978. PMID: 34439134
Mol Neurobiol

Parthenolide Exerts Protection against Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage in Neonatal Rats by Inhibiting Perk-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 29;63(1):210. PMID: 41317242
ACS Omega

Identification of Phialomustin‑B (PHL-B) as a Novel Natural TRPA1 Channel Inhibitor. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 21;10(34):39192-39202. PMID: 40918390
ACS Omega

Identification of New Modulators and Inhibitors of Palmitoyl-Protein Thioesterase 1 for CLN1 Batten Disease and Cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 28;9(10):11870-11882. PMID: 38496939
FASEB J

Parthenolide Attenuates Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Through Regulation of Protein Homeostasis and Inhibition of Inflammation. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 31;40(6):e71660. PMID: 41801191
FASEB J

GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway plays crucial roles in the regulation of NK cell cytotoxicity against myeloma cells. [Abstract]

2023 Mar;37(3):e22821. PMID: 36794671
J Mol Med (Berl)

Combination of PARP inhibitor and temozolomide to suppress chordoma progression. [Abstract]

2019 Aug;97(8):1183-1193. PMID: 31201471
Sci Rep

Transcription factor 4 promotes increased corneal endothelial cellular migration by altering microtubules in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. [Abstract]

2024 May 4;14(1):10276. PMID: 38704483
J Nat Prod

Identification and Characterization of a Leoligin-Inspired Synthetic Lignan as a TGR5 Agonist. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 27. PMID: 40146132
RNA Biol

A positive feedback loop between LINC01605 and NF-κB pathway promotes tumor growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. [Abstract]

2022;19(1):482-495. PMID: 35373703
J Biochem Mol Toxicol

Parthenolide Mitigates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats With Associated Activation of Nrf2 and Inhibition of Ferroptosis. [Abstract]

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Int J Biochem Cell Biol

Tumor protein D52 (isoform 3) induces NF-κB - STAT3 mediated EMT driving neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells. [Abstract]

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Target antifungal peptides of immune signalling pathways in silkworm, Bombyx mori, against Beauveria bassiana. [Abstract]

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MethodsX

A novel immunofluorescence detection method for renal cell-type specific in situ cytokine production by confocal microscopy. [Abstract]

2020 May 28;7:100935. PMID: 32577408
Mol Cell Toxicol

2025 May 15.
bioRxiv

2026 Jun 5.
bioRxiv

Low-Cost Robotic Manipulation of Live Microtissues for Cancer Drug Testing. [Abstract]

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Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Parthenolide Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats by Reducing Inflammation. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 6:2023:8759766. PMID: 36644442
Authorea

June 22, 2021.
Biomedical & Life Sciences

2020 Jan, 7: 1-18.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (402.71 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.0271 mL

20.1353 mL

40.2706 mL

5 mM

0.8054 mL

4.0271 mL

8.0541 mL

10 mM

0.4027 mL

2.0135 mL

4.0271 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.07 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.38 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Cell Assay^[2]

Human lung cancer cell lines are seeded in 96-well plates and treated on the second day with the given concentration of Parthenolide (0, 5, 10, 20 μM) for another 48 hours and then subjected to SRB or MTT assay. For SRB assay, live cell number is estimated as described earlier. After treatment, the medium is discarded firstly. In order to fix the adherent cells, 100 μL of cold trichloroacetic acid (10% (w/v)) are adding to each well and incubating at 4°C for at least 1 hour. The plates are then washed five times with deionized water and dried in the air. Each well are then added with 50 μL of SRB solution (0.4% w/v in 1% acetic acid) and incubated for 5 min at room temperature. The plates are washed five times with 1% acetic acid to remove unbound SRB and then air dried. The residual bound SRB is solubilized with 100 μL of 10 mM Tris base buffer (pH 10.5), and then read using a microtiter plate reader at 495 nm. The MTT assay is executed. 20 μL MTT (5 mg/mL) are added to each sample and incubate at 37°C for 4 h, then 100 μL solubilization solution are added. Cell viability is determined at 595 nm^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[3]

Mice^[3]
Phb1 KO mice are used. Males from 8-12 weeks of age are treated. Parthenolide is intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 3 mg/kg 24 h and 1h before bile duct ligation (BDL) or twice a week during two weeks. Liver specimens are snap-frozen for subsequent analysis^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (328 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Nakshatri H, et al. NF-κB-dependent and -independent epigenetic modulation using the novel anti-cancer agent DMAPT. Cell Death Dis. 2015 Jan 22;6:e1608. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zhao X, et al. Parthenolide induces apoptosis via TNFRSF10B and PMAIP1 pathways in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Jan 6;33:3. [Content Brief]

[3]. Barbier-Torres L, et al. Histone deacetylase 4 promotes cholestatic liver injury in the absence of prohibitin-1. Hepatology. 2015 Oct;62(4):1237-48. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	4.0271 mL	20.1353 mL	40.2706 mL	100.6765 mL
	5 mM	0.8054 mL	4.0271 mL	8.0541 mL	20.1353 mL
	10 mM	0.4027 mL	2.0135 mL	4.0271 mL	10.0677 mL
	15 mM	0.2685 mL	1.3424 mL	2.6847 mL	6.7118 mL
	20 mM	0.2014 mL	1.0068 mL	2.0135 mL	5.0338 mL
	25 mM	0.1611 mL	0.8054 mL	1.6108 mL	4.0271 mL
	30 mM	0.1342 mL	0.6712 mL	1.3424 mL	3.3559 mL
	40 mM	0.1007 mL	0.5034 mL	1.0068 mL	2.5169 mL
	50 mM	0.0805 mL	0.4027 mL	0.8054 mL	2.0135 mL
	60 mM	0.0671 mL	0.3356 mL	0.6712 mL	1.6779 mL
	80 mM	0.0503 mL	0.2517 mL	0.5034 mL	1.2585 mL
	100 mM	0.0403 mL	0.2014 mL	0.4027 mL	1.0068 mL

Keywords

Parthenolide

40 Cited Publications

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Parthenolide

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