Apoptosis

Related Products

Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Apoptosis Related Products (9113)
Antibodies (119)

By Effects:	Inhibitors (803) Agonists (7) Degrader (1) Controls (33) Antagonists (9) Activators (321) Modulators (55) Inducers (7355)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-112607

Tubulin inhibitor 1	Activator	99.81%
Tubulin inhibitor 1 is a tubulin inhibitor, inhibits tubulin polymerization. Tubulin inhibitor 1 shows potent anti-tumor activity, casues cellular mitotic arrest in the G2/M phase, and induces cellular apoptosis.

HY-P99324

Tomuzotuximab	Inducer	≥99.0%
Tomuzotuximab (Anti-Human EGFR Recombinant Antibody) is a fully human glycoengineered IgG1 monoclonal antibody against EGFR. Tomuzotuximab has anticancer effects.

HY-138772

Thalidomide-NH-PEG2-COOH	Inducer	99.04%
Thalidomide-NH-PEG2-COOH is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.

HY-122694A

Thalidomide-O-amido-PEG-C2-NH2 hydrochloride	Inducer	98.10%
Thalidomide-O-amido-PEG-C2-NH2 hydrochloride, a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker, can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs.

HY-131880

Thalidomide-O-C2-acid	Inducer
Thalidomide-O-C2-acid is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.

HY-144661

KRAS G12D inhibitor 14	Inducer	98.88%
KRAS G12D inhibitor 14 is a potent KRAS G12D inhibitor with a K_D of 33 nM for binding to KRAS G12D protein. KRAS G12D inhibitor 14 decreases the active form of KRAS G12D (KRAS G12D-GTP) but not KRAS G13D.

HY-B0527AS

Amitriptyline-d₆ hydrochloride	Inhibitor	99.93%
Amitriptyline-d₆ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Amitriptyline hydrochloride (HY-B0527A). Amitriptyline hydrochloride is an orally active tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Amitriptyline hydrochloride mainly exerts its antidepressant effect by blocking SERT (K_i = 3.45 nM) and NET (K_i = 13.3 nM), thereby increasing the concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in the synaptic cleft. Amitriptyline hydrochloride is also an agonist at α2A and TrkA/TrkB receptors, thereby exerting analgesic and neurotrophic activities (inhibiting cell apoptosis). Amitriptyline hydrochloride can reduce inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. Amitriptyline hydrochloride binds to DAT (with K_i = 2.58 μM). Amitriptyline hydrochloride has high affinity for a series of receptors and can antagonize muscarinic cholinergic receptors (M1/M2/M3/M4/M5 receptors) (K_i = 11-24 nM), H1 receptors (K_i = 0.5-1.1 nM), adrenergic α1 receptors (K_i = 4.4 nM), etc., resulting in a series of side effects. Amitriptyline hydrochloride can block sodium channels and hERG potassium channel (IC₅₀ = 4.78 μM) and it has cardiotoxicity.

HY-N0570S

Hydroxytyrosol-d₄	Inducer
Hydroxytyrosol-d₄ (DOPET-d₄) is the deuterium labeled Hydroxytyrosol (HY-N0570). Hydroxytyrosol is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable multi-active compound with multiple effects including antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-platelet aggregation, and neuroprotective activities. Hydroxytyrosol not only inhibits the growth of Vibrio by increasing bacterial membrane permeability, but also interacts with DNA and mediates supercoiled DNA relaxation. Meanwhile, Hydroxytyrosol effectively reduces thrombosis and inhibits lipid oxidation by inhibiting COX activity and promoting vascular nitric oxide production. In terms of neuroprotection, Hydroxytyrosol significantly alleviates neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory responses by up-regulating the expression level of ERβ, thereby improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease models. Hydroxytyrosol has been widely used in scientific research related to Vibrio infection, arterial thrombosis, Alzheimer's disease and other related fields.

HY-B1490S

Imipramine-d₄ hydrochloride	Inducer	99.95%
Imipramine-d₄ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Imipramine hydrochloride. Imipramine hydrochloride is an orally active tertiary amine tricyclic antidepressant. Imipramine hydrochloride is a Fascin1 inhibitor with antitumor activities. Imipramine hydrochloride also inhibits serotonin transporter with an IC₅₀ value of 32 nM. Imipramine hydrochloride stimulates U-87MG glioma cells autophagy and induces HL-60 cell apoptosis. Imipramine hydrochloride shows neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects.

HY-W584518

Thalidomide-5-O-CH2-COOH	Inducer
Thalidomide-5-O-CH2-COOH is an E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate consisting of Thalidomide (HY-14658) and NH-PEG3-NH-Boc. Thalidomide-5-O-CH2-COOH acts as a ligand for Cereblon to recruit CRBN protein. Thalidomide-5-O-CH2-COOH is a key intermediate in the synthesis of PROTAC molecules designed based on CRBN.

HY-W010243S

Methylisothiazolinone-d₃ hydrochloride	Inducer	99.42%
Methylisothiazolinone-d₃ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride (HY-W010243). Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride is a bacterial and fungal inhibitor and preservative, as well as a sensitizer. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human bronchial epithelial cells to induce apoptosis and inflammatory response. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can promote the development of atopic dermatitis in mice by disrupting Th2/Th17 related immune responses. Methylisothiazolinone hydrochloride can cause mitochondrial damage in the endothelium of rat cerebral blood vessels.

HY-N4327

Eurycomalactone	Inducer	99.74%
Eurycomalactone is an active quassinoid could be isolated from Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Eurycomalactone is a potent NF-κB inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.5 μM. Eurycomalactone inhibits protein synthesis and depletes cyclin D1. Eurycomalactone enhances radiosensitivity through arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase and delayed DNA double-strand break repair. Eurycomalactone inhibits the activation of AKT/NF-κB signaling, induces apoptosis and enhances chemosensitivity to Cisplatin (HY-17394).

HY-N0046

Notoginsenoside Fe	Inhibitor	99.99%
Notoginsenoside Fe (Notoginseng triterpenes; Ginsenoside Mb) is a saponin with anti-obesity and anti-neuroblastoma activities. Notoginsenoside Fe can be isolated from leaves of Panax notoginseng. Notoginsenoside Fe specifically activates paraventricular nucleus neurons in the hypothalamus, effectively reducing body weight, improving fasting blood glucose and protecting liver function by decreasing food intake, increasing resting metabolic rate and enhancing energy expenditure. Notoginsenoside Fe also inhibits the c-Src signaling pathway, blocks the proliferation and viability of human neuroblastoma cells, while improving mitochondrial dysfunction and alleviating apoptosis. Notoginsenoside Fe can be used in studies related to diet-induced obesity and neuroblastoma.

HY-N13254

Moringa Extract	Inhibitor
Moringa Extract is the extract of Moringa with antioxidative and antibacterial activity. Moringa Extract increases Nrf2 and NQO1 expression, scavenges radicals, reduces oxidative stress, inhibits growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Moringa Extract can be used for the research of dietary supplements, cosmetics, and natural water purification.

HY-173177

PSF-IN-2	Inducer	99.85%
PSF-IN-2 (Compound (C)-30) is a PSF inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.005 pM. PSF-IN-2 exhibits anti-cancer activity, and its IC₅₀ value for inhibiting the proliferation of 22Rv1 cells is 0.5 μM. PSF-IN-2 activates the p53 signaling pathway by inhibiting the binding of PSF to RNA, inducing the expression of related genes, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting the cell cycle. PSF-IN-2 can be used in cancer research.

HY-115537

NAE-IN-M22	Activator	99.94%
NAE-IN-M22 is a potent, selective and reversible inhibitor of NEDD8 activating enzyme (NAE), with potency in micromolar range. NAE-IN-M22 inhibits multiple cancer cell lines and induces apoptosis in A549 cells. NAE-IN-M22 also can inhibit tumor growth in vivo.

HY-121955

FW1256	Activator
FW1256 is a phenyl analogue and a slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) donor. FW1256 inhibits NF-κB activity and induces cell apoptosis. FW1256 exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for cancer and cardiovascular disease treatment.

HY-N2334R

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (Standard)	Inducer
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glycochenodeoxycholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (Chenodeoxycholylglycine) is a relatively toxic bile salt generated in the liver from chenodeoxycholic acid and glycine. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid inhibits Autophagosome formation and impairs lysosomal function by inhibiting lysosomal proteolysis and increasing lysosomal pH in human normal liver cells, leading to the Apoptosis of human hepatocyte cells. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid induces stemness and chemoresistance via activating STAT3 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC). Glycochenodeoxycholic acid is promising for research in the field of cholestasis desease, hepatocellular carcinoma and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)[1][2][3][4].

HY-147785

Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 2	Inducer	99.91%
Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 2 is a PIM-1 kinase inhibitor with a human IC₅₀ of 0.63 μM. Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 2 exhibits high selectivity for cancer cells over normal cells. Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 2 induces apoptosis, increases active caspase-3 levels, upregulates BAX, downregulates Bcl-2, and elevates the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 2 suppresses cancer cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest. Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 2 can be used for the research of prostate carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and breast adenocarcinoma.

HY-156328

NSC 48160	Inducer	99.75%
NSC 48160 inhibits the growth of the pancreatic cancer cells with IC₅₀s of 84.3 μM for CPFAC-1 and 94.5 μM for BxPC-3. NSC 48160 also induces pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. NSC 48160 can improve metabolic syndromes, such as NASH, obesity and lipid metabolism disorders.

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis Related Products (9113)

Antibodies (119)

Apoptosis Related Products (9113):