2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-162547
    Oxogestone phenpropionate
    Oxogestone phenpropionate is a progesterone that can be used in studies to regulate hormone levels.
    Oxogestone phenpropionate
  • HY-N0666S5
    L-Aspartic acid-13C4,15N,d3
    		99.9%
    L-Aspartic acid-13C4,15N,d3 is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15-labeled L-Aspartic acid. L-Aspartic aicd is an amino acid that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. L-Aspartic aicd is commonly used for preparing prodrugs to target colon and cecal tissues. L-Aspartic aicd commonly used in the study of inflammatory conditions.
    L-Aspartic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>4</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-101981S1
    Uridine 5'-monophosphate-15N2,d11 dilithium
    Uridine 5'-monophosphate-15N2,d11 (5'- Uridylic acid-15N2,d11) dilithium is deuterium and 15N labeled Uridine 5'-monophosphate (HY-101981). Uridine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Uridylic acid) is an orally active mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel activator that has a protective effect on the heart. Uridine 5'-monophosphate can promote the synthesis of CDP-choline and induce apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, which is beneficial for gut development and reduces diarrhea.
    Uridine 5'-monophosphate-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>11</sub> dilithium
  • HY-N9274
    3-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-lactic acid
    3-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-lactic acid is a key metabolite in the P. roqueforti fermentation approach, with quantitative data of 10.2 ± 1.1 µM in Tyr1 (presence of L-tyrosine) of .
    3-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-lactic acid
  • HY-W013242R
    Gondoic acid (Standard)
    Gondoic acid (Standard) is an analytical standard for Gondoic acid. This product is used for research and analytical applications. Gondoic acid (cis-11-Eicosenoic acid), a monounsaturated long-chain fatty acid, is contained in a variety of plant oils and nuts. Gondoic acid can exert anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of ROS and the PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Gondoic acid can be used as a raw material for medical supplies and a moisturizing ingredient in cosmetic creams.
    Gondoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-W710927
    L-2-Aminobutyric acid-d5
    L-2-Aminobutyric acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled H-Abu-OH (HY-W010589). H-Abu-OH, one of the three isomers of aminobutyric acid, is elevated in the plasma of children with with Reye's syndrome, tyrosinemia, homocystinuria, nonketotic hyperglycinemia, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
    L-2-Aminobutyric acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-118565
    Rhizocarpic acid
    Rhizocarpic acid (Compound 2) is a secondary metabolite of lichen. Rhizocarpic acid effectively inhibits the growth of bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as murine myeloma NS-1 cells. Rhizocarpic acid is an antioxidant and an insect antifeedant with an ED50 of 71 μmol/g dry weight against neonate larvae of the Egyptian cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis.
    Rhizocarpic acid
  • HY-14608S9
    L-Glutamic acid-15N,d5
    L-Glutamic acid-15N,d5 is the deuterium and 15N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.
    L-Glutamic acid-<sup>15</sup>N,d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-P2855
    Phenylpyruvate tautomerase
    Phenylpyruvate tautomerase catalyzes the interconversion of the enol and keto isomers of phenylpyruvate and (p-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate.
    Phenylpyruvate tautomerase
  • HY-134115
    Flumethasone 21-acetate
    Flumethasone 21-acetate (Compound 35) is a type of steroid. Flumethasone 21-acetate has lipophilic properties.
    Flumethasone 21-acetate
  • HY-W127408
    Tripalmitolein
    1,2,3-Tripalmitoleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol containing palmitoleic acid at the sn-1, sn-2 and sn-3 positions. It reduces erythrocyte deformability in a concentration-dependent manner in the Reid filtration assay. Hepatic levels of 1,2,3-tripalmitoleoyl-rac-glycerol are increased in a JAK2L mouse model of hepatic steatosis. 1,2,3-Tripalmitoleoyl-rac-glycerol plasma levels are reduced in patients with predialysis renal disease.
    Tripalmitolein
  • HY-114862
    13,14-dihydro-15(R)-Prostaglandin E1
    13,14-dihydro-15(R)-Prostaglandin E1 (13,14-dihydro-15(R)- PGE1) is an analog of 13,14-dihydro- PGE1 which has the hydroxyl group at C-15 in the unnatural R configuration.
    13,14-dihydro-15(R)-Prostaglandin E1
  • HY-12033S1
    2-Methoxyestradiol-13C6
    2-Methoxyestradiol-13C6 is the 13C-labeled 2-Methoxyestradiol. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), an orally active endogenous metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), is an apoptosis inducer and an angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol also destablize microtubules. 2-Methoxyestradio, also a potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor and a ROS-generating agent, induces autophagy in the transformed cell line HEK293 and the cancer cell lines U87 and HeLa.
    2-Methoxyestradiol-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-E70315
    Fungal Endo- and Exo- chitosanases
    Fungal Endo- and Exo- chitosanases is a biocatalyst and a key enzyme in new biocatalyst technology. Enzyme engineering focuses on enhancing enzyme reaction kinetics, substrate selectivity, and activity under harsh conditions such as low or high pH. By introducing stimulus responsiveness to these enzyme modifications, dynamic control of activity is also possible.
    Fungal Endo- and Exo- chitosanases
  • HY-Y0740R
    4-Methoxybenzaldehyde (Standard)
    4-Methoxybenzaldehyde (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde (p-anisaldehyde) is a fragrant phenolic compound. 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde has been found in many plant species including horseradish, anise, star anise. 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde is a possible neurotoxicant and it has shown effects that include mortality, attractancy, and interference with host seeking .
    4-Methoxybenzaldehyde (Standard)
  • HY-W015346R
    Desaminotyrosine (Standard)
    Apronal (Standard) is the analytical standard of Apronal. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Apronal (Allylisopropylacetylurea, Apronalide) can bu used for the research of neuropsychiatry disorders.
    Desaminotyrosine (Standard)
  • HY-N0326S9
    L-Methionine-15N,d8
    L-Methionine-15N,d8 is the deuterium and 15N-labeled L-Methionine. L-Methionine is the L-isomer of Methionine, an essential amino acid for human development. Methionine acts as a hepatoprotectant.
    L-Methionine-<sup>15</sup>N,d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-105747A
    Guanoxyfen nitrate
    Guanoxyfen (N-(3-Phenoxypropyl)guanidine) nitrate is a compound that exhibits potent inhibitory activity against the serine protease enzyme TMPRSS2, which plays a crucial role in the infectivity of coronaviruses. Guanoxyfen nitrate is also an effective inhibitor of vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation.
    Guanoxyfen nitrate
  • HY-E70320
    Cefadroxil acylase (Immobilized)
    Cefadroxil acylase (Immobilized) is a biocatalyst and a key enzyme in new biocatalyst technology. Enzyme engineering focuses on enhancing enzyme reaction kinetics, substrate selectivity, and activity under harsh conditions such as low or high pH. By introducing stimulus responsiveness to these enzyme modifications, dynamic control of activity is also possible.
    Cefadroxil acylase (Immobilized)
  • HY-P2918C
    Phosphoglucose isomerase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Phosphoglucose isomerase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (EC 5.3.1.9) is an enzyme crucial for the interconversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate. Phosphoglucose isomerase is responsible for the second step of glycolysis and is involved in glucogenesis.
    Phosphoglucose isomerase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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