2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0351R
    Taurine (Standard)
    Taurine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Taurine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Taurine, a sulphur-containing amino acid and an organic osmolyte involved in cell volume regulation, provides a substrate for the formation of bile salts, and plays a role in the modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration. Taurine has the ability to activate autophagy in adipocytes.
    Taurine (Standard)
  • HY-113278
    Leucyl-phenylalanine
    		99.21%
    Leucyl-phenylalanine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides.
    Leucyl-phenylalanine
  • HY-N1427
    Glycodeoxycholate Sodium
    		99.92%
    Glycodeoxycholate Sodium (Sodium glycyldeoxycholate) is a bile salt. Glycodeoxycholate Sodium has cytotoxicity to cancer cell, changes the permeability of the pancreatic duct and decreases glucose levels.
    Glycodeoxycholate Sodium
  • HY-N0384S2
    Homovanillic acid-d5
    		99.0%
    Homovanillic acid-d5 (Vanilacetic acid-d5) is the deuterium labeled Homovanillic acid (HY-N0384). Homovanillic acid (Vanilacetic acid) is a dopamine metabolite found to be associated with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency, celiac disease, growth hormone deficiency, and sepiapterin reductase deficiency.
    Homovanillic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-W016145
    L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate
    		98.0%
    L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate acts at ionotropic and?metabotropic glutamate receptors.
    L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate
  • HY-75564
    Cyclo(Ala-Gly)
    Cyclo(Ala-Gly), a metabolite of a mangrove endophytic fungus, Penicillium thomi, exhibits cytotoxicity against A549, HepG2 and HT29 cells. The IC50 values range from 9.5 to 18.1 μM.
    Cyclo(Ala-Gly)
  • HY-B1411S
    i-Inositol-d6
    		99.89%
    i-Inositol-d6 is the deuterium labeled i-Inositol. i-Inositol is a chemical compound, associated lipids are found in many foods, in particular fruit, especially cantaloupe and oranges.
    i-Inositol-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-W010697
    Cholesteryl linoleate
    		99.45%
    Cholesteryl linoleate is shown to be the major cholesteryl ester contained in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions.
    Cholesteryl linoleate
  • HY-107825
    Flavonol
    		99.86%
    Flavonol is a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 120 μM and a Ki value of 74 μM. Flavonol has antioxidant, free radical-scavenging, antibacterial properties, and immune modulation functions. Flavonol inhibits the PriA helicase of Staphylococcus aureus. Flavonol can suppress the production of NO in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting the expression of the iNOS enzyme. Flavonol shows protective and analgesic effects in mice through various neuronal pathways. Flavonol can be used in research related to tumors and atherosclerosis diseases.
    Flavonol
  • HY-W009156
    Citric acid tripotassium hydrate
    		98.0%
    Citric acid tripotassium hydrate (Potassium citrate monohydrate) is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid tripotassium hydrate induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid tripotassium hydrate cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid tripotassium hydrate is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries.
    Citric acid tripotassium hydrate
  • HY-W014666R
    Xanthurenic acid (Standard)
    Xanthurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Xanthurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.
    Xanthurenic acid (Standard)
  • HY-101981R
    Uridine 5'-monophosphate (Standard)
    Uridine 5'-monophosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Uridine 5'-monophosphate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Uridine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Uridylic acid) is an orally active mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel activator that has a protective effect on the heart. Uridine 5'-monophosphate can promote the synthesis of CDP-choline and induce apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, which is beneficial for gut development and reduces diarrhea.
    Uridine 5'-monophosphate (Standard)
  • HY-17462
    Adrenosterone
    		98.80%
    Adrenosterone ((+)-Adrenosterone) is a competitive hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11β1) inhibitor. Adrenosterone is a steroid hormone with weak androgenic effect. Adrenosterone is a dietary supplement that can decrease fat and increase muscle mass. Adrenosterone acts as a suppressor of metastatic progression of human cancer cells.
    Adrenosterone
  • HY-Y0966S1
    Glycine-d2
    		99.92%
    Glycine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.
    Glycine-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-B0445GL
    NAD+ (GMP Like)
    		99.79%
    NAD+ (GMP Like) is NAD+ (HY-B0445) produced by using GMP like guidelines. GMP Like small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. NAD+ is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.
    NAD+ (GMP Like)
  • HY-30152
    Xanthotoxol
    		99.46%
    Xanthotoxol (8-Hydroxypsoralen) It is a kind of fragrant bean substance, and it is a CYP450 inhibitor. Xanthotoxol has anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and 5-HT antagonistic and protective effects. Xanthotoxol inhibited CYP3A4 sum CYP1A2 IC50s separation 7.43 μM sum 27.82 μM. Xanthotoxol can pass through MAPK and NF-κB, inhibiting inflammation.
    Xanthotoxol
  • HY-N2084
    Perillartine
    		99.60%
    Perillartine is a sweetener, which activates the taste receptor type 1 member 2 (Tas1r2) subunit in a species-dependent manner.
    Perillartine
  • HY-N0650S1
    L-Serine-13C
    		99.6%
    L-Serine-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Serine. L-Serine ((-)-Serine; (S)-Serine), one of the so-called non-essential amino acids, plays a central role in cellular proliferation.
    L-Serine-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-101086
    Acetylcholine iodide
    		98.59%
    Acetylcholine iodide is a muscarinic receptor modulator. Acetylcholine iodide specifically binds to muscarinic receptors, inhibits sodium absorption, and induces chloride secretion. Acetylcholine iodide changes intestinal ion transport, enhances intestinal secretory function, induces or maintains mammary gland development and lactation. Acetylcholine iodide can be used for intestinal ion transport regulation and mammary gland physiological function research.
    Acetylcholine iodide
  • HY-113369
    Cholesteryl arachidonate
    		99.20%
    Cholesteryl arachidonate is an endogenous metabolite.
    Cholesteryl arachidonate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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