PARP Inhibitor

Olaparib (AZD2281; KU0059436) is a potent and orally active PARP inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 5 and 1 nM for PARP1 and PARP2, respectively. Olaparib is an autophagy and mitophagy activator. Olaparib cannot cross the intact blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a potent oral active multikinase inhibitor. Sorafenib blocks autophosphorylation and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3) and RAF family kinases, thereby suppressing the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, and selectively inhibiting the MAPK pathway in cancer cells. Sorafenib induces cell cycle arrest, autophagy, apoptosis, and PARP cleavage, reduces Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, cyclin D1 levels, and activates Bak and Bax. Sorafenib inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mouse and rat models. Sorafenib can be used for cancer research, such as colon, breast, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian, pancreatic, melanoma, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma.

XAV-939 is a Tankyrase inhibitor. XAV-939 has inhibitory activity for TNKS1 and TNKS2 with IC₅₀ values of 5 nM and 2 nM, respectively. XAV-939 also is an enhancer of osteoblastic differentiation of hMSCs. XAV-939 can be used for the research of conditions associated with activated Wnt signaling, such as cancer, fibrotic diseases and conditions associated with low bone formation.

Talazoparib (BMN-673) is a highly potent, orally active PARP1/2 inhibitor.Talazoparib inhibits PARP1 and PARP2 enzyme activity with K_is of 1.2 nM and 0.87 nM, respectively. Talazoparib has antitumor activity.

Niraparib (MK-4827) is a highly potent and orally bioavailable PARP1 and PARP2 inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 3.8 and 2.1 nM, respectively. Niraparib leads to inhibition of repair of DNA damage, activates apoptosis and shows anti-tumor activity.

PARP1-IN-56 (Compound RCY) is an I-labeled poly(ADP−ribose) polymerase (PARP1) inhibitor. PARP1-IN-56 can be radiolabeled with ²¹¹At or ¹²⁵I for use as an α-emitting radiotherapeutic agent. PARP1-IN-56 can be used for the research of cancer.

PCIP-1 is a PARP2 inhibitor. PCIP-1 recruits BET proteins to PARP2 to inhibit DNA repair, acts via event-driven pharmacology, and does not inhibit PARP-catalyzed PARylation. PCIP-1 inhibits DNA repair, thereby inducing synthetic lethality in homologous recombination-deficient cancer cells and increasing the sensitivity of PARP1-knockout cells. PCIP-1 can be used in the research of homologous recombination-deficient cancers, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and BRCA-mutant cancers.

Saruparib (AZD5305) is a potent, orally active and selective PARP inhibitor and trapper with IC₅₀ values of 3 nM and 1400 nM for PARP1 and PARP2, respectively. Saruparib has anti-proliferative activity and inhibits growth in cells with deficiencies in DNA repair.

Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.

Rucaparib (AG014699) is an orally active, potent inhibitor of PARP proteins (PARP-1, PARP-2 and PARP-3) with a K_i of 1.4 nM for PARP1. Rucaparib is a modest hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PD) inhibitor. Rucaparib has the potential for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) research.

Veliparib (ABT-888) is a potent PARP inhibitor, inhibiting PARP1 and PARP2 with K_is of 5.2 and 2.9 nM, respectively.

Patritumab (Human Anti-ERBB3 Recombinant Antibody) is a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to ERBB3. Patritumab shows a synergy with Cetuximab (HY-P9905), potently inhibits the phosphorylation of EGFR, HER2, HER3, ERK, and AKT. Patritumab also induces cell apoptosis and suppresses the growth of pancreatic, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer xenograft tumors.

PJ34 is a potent specific inhibitor of PARPl/2 with IC₅₀ of 110 nM and 86 nM, respectively.

Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) tosylate is a potent oral active multikinase inhibitor. Sorafenib blocks autophosphorylation and activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3) and RAF family kinases, thereby suppressing the RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, and selectively inhibiting the MAPK pathway in cancer cells. Sorafenib tosylate induces cell cycle arrest, autophagy, apoptosis, and PARP cleavage, reduces Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, cyclin D1 levels, and activates Bak and Bax. Sorafenib tosylate inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mouse and rat models. Sorafenib tosylate can be used for cancer research, such as colon, breast, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian, pancreatic, melanoma, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma.

IRF1-IN-1 (Compound I-2) is an IRF1 inhibitor. IRF1-IN-1 decreases the recruitment of IRF1 to the promoter of CASP1. IRF1-IN-1 inhibits cell death signaling pathway (i.e., cleavage of Caspase 1, GSDMD, IL-1 and PARP1). IRF1-IN-1 has a protective effect on ionizing radiation-induced inflammatory skin injury.

RBN-2397 is a potent, accross species and orally active NAD⁺ competitive inhibitor of PARP7 (IC₅₀<3 nM). RBN-2397 selectively binds to PARP7 (K_d=0.001 μM) and restores IFN signaling. RBN-2397 has the potential for the study of advanced or metastatic solid tumors.

Tambiciclib (GFH009, JSH-009) is an orally active, highly potent and selective CDK9 inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 1 nM), demonstrating >200-fold selectivity over other CDKs, >100-fold selectivity over DYRK1A/B, and excellent selectivity over 468 kinases/mutants. Tambiciclib demonstrates potent in vitro and in vivo antileukemic efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mouse models by inhibiting RNA Pol II phosphorylation, downregulating MCL1 and MYC, and inducing apoptosis. Tambiciclib can be used for AML research.

Fluzoparib (SHR3162) is a potent and orally active PARP1 inhibitor (IC₅₀=1.46±0.72 nM, a cell-free enzymatic assay) with superior antitumor activity. Fluzoparib selectively inhibits the proliferation of homologous recombination repair (HR)-deficient cells, and sensitizes both HR-deficient and HR-proficient cells to cytotoxic agents. Fluzoparib exhibits good pharmacokinetic properties in vivo and can be used for BRCA1/2-mutant relapsed ovarian cancer research.

KSQ-4279 (USP1-IN-1) is a potent USP1 inhibitor and a selective PARP1 inhibitor. KSQ-4279 is promising for research of cancers.

Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms. Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of PPARα and C/EBPα expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research.