GPNA hydrochloride

Name: GPNA hydrochloride
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-W011391
Rating: 5.0 (7 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-W011391 Purity: 99.72%: Data Sheet
COA

SDS
Handling Instructions
FAQs
Technical Support

GPNA hydrochloride is a well known substrate of the enzyme γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT). GPNA hydrochloride is a specific glutamine (Gln) transporter ASCT2 inhibitor. GPNA hydrochloride also inhibit Na⁺-dependent carriers, such as SNAT family (SNAT1/2/4/5), and the Na⁺-independent leucine transporters LAT1/2. GPNA reversibly induces apoptosis in A549 cells.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 67953-08-6

Size	Stock	Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
5 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
25 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
100 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
200 mg	Get quote
500 mg	Get quote

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Customer Review

Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of GPNA hydrochloride:

L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide In-stock
L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide hydrate In-stock

7 Publications Citing Use of MCE GPNA hydrochloride

•Tohoku J Exp Med. 2024 Nov 14;264(1):31-39. [Abstract]

Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay

Others

: GPNA hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug 10:e07057. [Abstract]; Changes in blue light intensity over time in cells pretreated with different inhibitors using GPNA hydrochloride (250/500 µM).

: GPNA hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Respir J. 2024 Aug;18(8):e13825. [Abstract]; GPNA hydrochloride (2 mM).Cell viability detection.

: GPNA hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Respir J. 2024 Aug;18(8):e13825. [Abstract]; GPNA hydrochloride (2 mM).MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 expression detection.

: GPNA hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 23;13:816133. [Abstract]; Representative time progression of Isc peaks stimulated by Gln (5 mM) with or without GPNA hydrochloride (200 μM) on the ileal mucosa.

: GPNA hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Aug 25;10(9):1349.; The expression level of NRF2 protein was detected after treatment with BPTES (10 µM), CB-839 (5 µM), R162 (20 µM) and GPNA hydrochloride (100 µM) for 24 hours.

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ASCT2

Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
Customer Review

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

ASCT2

In Vitro

GPNA (10-1000 μM; 48 hours) induces a dose-dependent decrease of cell viability in A549 cells^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:	A549 cells
Concentration:	10, 100, 250, 500 , and 1000 μM
Incubation Time:	48 hours
Result:	Induced a dose-dependent decrease of cell viability, with an IC50 roughly corresponding to ~250 μM.

Molecular Weight

303.70

Formula

C₁₁H₁₄ClN₃O₅

CAS No.

67953-08-6

Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to yellow

SMILES

OC([C@@H](N)CCC(NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1)=O)=O.[H]Cl

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (411.59 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 2 mg/mL (6.59 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	3.2927 mL	16.4636 mL	32.9272 mL
5 mM	0.6585 mL	3.2927 mL	6.5854 mL
10 mM	0.3293 mL	1.6464 mL	3.2927 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.85 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.85 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.85 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 1 mg/mL (3.29 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.91%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (273 KB) SDS (396 KB)

COA (246 KB) HNMR (195 KB) LCMS (118 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Corti A, et al. γ-Glutamyltransferase enzyme activity of cancer cells modulates L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide (GPNA) cytotoxicity. Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 29;9(1):891. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	3.2927 mL	16.4636 mL	32.9272 mL	82.3181 mL
H₂O / DMSO	5 mM	0.6585 mL	3.2927 mL	6.5854 mL	16.4636 mL
DMSO	10 mM	0.3293 mL	1.6464 mL	3.2927 mL	8.2318 mL
	15 mM	0.2195 mL	1.0976 mL	2.1951 mL	5.4879 mL
	20 mM	0.1646 mL	0.8232 mL	1.6464 mL	4.1159 mL
	25 mM	0.1317 mL	0.6585 mL	1.3171 mL	3.2927 mL
	30 mM	0.1098 mL	0.5488 mL	1.0976 mL	2.7439 mL
	40 mM	0.0823 mL	0.4116 mL	0.8232 mL	2.0580 mL
	50 mM	0.0659 mL	0.3293 mL	0.6585 mL	1.6464 mL
	60 mM	0.0549 mL	0.2744 mL	0.5488 mL	1.3720 mL
	80 mM	0.0412 mL	0.2058 mL	0.4116 mL	1.0290 mL
	100 mM	0.0329 mL	0.1646 mL	0.3293 mL	0.8232 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.