NLS (PKKKRKV) 

NLS (PKKKRKV) is a nuclear localization signal (NLS) derived from the SV40 large T antigen, which mediates the binding of karyophilic proteins to importin α. NLS (PKKKRKV) serves as a method to enhance nuclear entry in the field of gene transfer research^[1][2][3].

Pre-incubation of NLS (20:1 mass ratio; 72 h) with pmaxGFP plasmid prior to the preparation of LNP-M formulations significantly reduces the transfection efficiency of LNP-M/pGFP in 293T cells, resulting in a final GFP-positive cell proportion of 17.7%^[3].
Pre-incubation of NLS (80:1 mass ratio; 24 h post-transfection) with DSPC prior to the preparation of LNP-M formulations significantly enhances the transfection efficiency of LNP-M/pGFP in 293T cells, resulting in a GFP-positive cell ratio of 94.6% while increasing MFI^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

883.14

C₄₀H₇₈N₁₄O₈

95088-49-6

Solid

White to off-white

PKKKRKV

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Cao S, et al. Enhanced effect of nuclear localization signal peptide during ultrasound‑targeted microbubble destruction‑mediated gene transfection. Mol Med Rep. 2017;16(1):565-572.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Zanta MA, et al. Gene delivery: a single nuclear localization signal peptide is sufficient to carry DNA to the cell nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999;96(1):91-96.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Chai D, et al. Lipid nanoparticles deliver DNA-encoded biologics and induce potent protective immunity. Mol Cancer. 2025;24(1):12. Published 2025 Jan 13.  [Content Brief]