2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N7122R
    Thymopentin (Standard)
    Thymopentin is a biologically active peptide secreted mainly by the epithelial cells of thymic cortex and medulla. Thymopentin is an effective immunomodulatory agent with a short plasma half-life of 30 seconds. Thymopentin enhances the generation of T-cell lineage derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).
    Thymopentin (Standard)
  • HY-W014102R
    L-Alanyl-L-glutamine (Standard)
    L-Alanyl-L-glutamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Alanyl-L-glutamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Alanyl-L-glutamine, a glutamine dipeptide, is benefit for the antioxidant system, attenuating inflammation, and may modulate the heat shock protein (HSP) response in catabolic situations.
    L-Alanyl-L-glutamine (Standard)
  • HY-78446R
    KSD 2405 (Standard)
    KSD 2405 (Standard) is the analytical standard of KSD 2405. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. KSD 2405 is an endogenous metabolite.
    KSD 2405 (Standard)
  • HY-N11274
    T-MAS
    T-MAS (4,4-Dimethylzymosterol) serves as an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis, stimulating oocytes for meiosis and modulating cumulus expansion.
    T-MAS
  • HY-N0132AR
    Synephrine hydrochloride (Standard)
    Synephrine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Synephrine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Synephrine (Oxedrine) hydrochloride, an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss.
    Synephrine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-N0420S4
    Succinic acid-13C2
    Succinic acid-13C2 is the 13C labeled Succinic acid[1]. Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[2][3].
    Succinic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-134451
    Diethylumbelliferyl phosphate
    Diethylumbelliferyl phosphate (DEUP), a selective and potent inhibitor of cholesterol esterase, does not inhibit protein kinase activity A in vitro, and it effectively disrupts steroidogenesis by blocking the transport of cholesterol into the mitochondria of steroidogenic cells, with an IC50 of 11.6 μM, potentially limiting dietary cholesterol absorption.
    Diethylumbelliferyl phosphate
  • HY-W727144
    2-Heptyl-4,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid
    2-Heptyl-4,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (compound 6b) is a known component of orcinol.
    2-Heptyl-4,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid
  • HY-113168R
    Butyrylcarnitine (Standard)
    Butyrylcarnitine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Butyrylcarnitine (HY-113168). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Butyrylcarnitine is an endogenous metabolite found in plasma. Elevated levels of Butyrylcarnitine are closely associated with abnormalities in lipid and energy metabolism. Butyrylcarnitine can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for certain diseases, such as heart failure and head and neck cancer.
    Butyrylcarnitine (Standard)
  • HY-N0623S6
    L-Tryptophan-15N2,d8
    L-Tryptophan-15N2,d8 is the deuterium and 15N-labeled L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3.
    L-Tryptophan-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-W746544
    Nervonic acid-d18
    Nervonic acid-d18 (Selacholeic acid-d18) is the deuterium labeled Nervonic acid (HY-N2526). Nervonic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid with oral activity. Nervonic acid exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Nervonic acid can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
    Nervonic acid-d<sub>18</sub>
  • HY-13749S3
    Sitagliptin-d6
    		Inhibitor
    Sitagliptin-d6 (MK-0431-d6) is deuterium labeled Sitagliptin (HY-13749). Sitagliptin is an orally active and highly selective DPP4 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 19 nM. Sitagliptin blocks the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) by competing inhibition mechanism (Kᵢ = 1 nM), thereby increasing the level of active incretin. Sitagliptin can also directly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells by activating the cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways, and this effect is independent of DPP-4. Sitagliptin shows protective effects on pancreatic islet grafts in 1-type diabetes models. Sitagliptin can be used for the study of 1-type and 2-type diabetes.
    Sitagliptin-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-W012974S
    3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid-d3
    3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled 3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid. 3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid could induce browning of white fat and hepatic β-oxidation and is inversely correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors.
    3-Amino-2-methylpropanoic acid-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-101397R
    Allopurinol riboside (Standard)
    Cholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. Cholic acid is orally active.
    Allopurinol riboside (Standard)
  • HY-128417S5
    alpha-D-glucose-13C6,d7
    alpha-D-glucose-13C6,d7 is deuterium and 13C-labeled alpha-D-glucose (HY-128417). alpha-D-glucose is an endogenous metabolite.
    alpha-D-glucose-<sub>13</sub>C<sub>6</sub>,d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-129200
    Aspergillomarasmine A
    Aspergillomarasmine A is a natural aminopolycarboxylic acid with potent inhibitory activity against class B metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). Aspergillomarasmine A inactivates MBLs by removing a catalytic Zn2+ cofactor. Aspergillomarasmine A acts as a selective Zn2+ scavenger, promoting the dissociation of the metal cofactor, thereby indirectly inactivating NDM-1. Aspergillomarasmine A causes the loss of Zn2+ ions from the low-affinity binding site of NDM-1. The action of Aspergillomarasmine A results in the rapid degradation of Zn2+-deficient NDM-1, thereby enhancing its potency as a β-lactam enhancer. The mechanism of Aspergillomarasmine A has broad applicability among different Zn2+ chelators.
    Aspergillomarasmine A
  • HY-W014606R
    L-Lysine acetate (Standard)
    L-Lysine (acetate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Lysine (acetate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Lysine acetate is an essential amino acid. L-Lysine acetate can be research for vascular calcification (VC) and Acute pancreatitis.
    L-Lysine acetate (Standard)
  • HY-W032013S3
    1-Octanol-d5
    1-Octanol-d5 is deuterated labeled 1-Octanol (HY-W032013). 1-Octanol (Octanol), a saturated fatty alcohol, is a T-type calcium channels (T-channels) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4 μM for native T-currents. 1-Octanol is a highly attractive biofuel with diesel-like properties.
    1-Octanol-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-N0091S4
    Hypoxanthine-13C2,15N-1
    Hypoxanthine-13C2,15N-1 is a 15N-labeled and 13C-labled Hypoxanthine (HY-N0091). Hypoxanthine, a purine derivative, is a potential free radical generator and could be used as an indicator of hypoxia.
    Hypoxanthine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N-1
  • HY-W653929
    Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate-d12
    Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate-d12 is deuterium labeled Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate. Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPP) is a metabolite of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFR) that may alter energy metabolism by influencing the levels of steroid hormones, such as cortisol and cortisone. Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate holds potential for research on metabolism-related diseases caused by environmental exposure.
    Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate-d<sub>12</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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