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bacterial virulence factor

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1455
    Clindamycin
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection Cancer
    Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin
  • HY-W008806
    N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone

    OHHL; N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)homoserine lactone

    		 Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OHHL; N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)homoserine lactone) is a specific agonist of LuxR-type transcription factor CarR with a Kd of 1.8 μM. N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone activates CarR by inducing protein multimerization, promoting its binding to target DNA sequences in the carR-carA intergenic region, thereby upregulating the transcription of carbapenem biosynthesis genes. N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone acts as a quorum sensing signal molecule, enabling bacteria to coordinate the production of carbapenem antibiotics in a cell density-dependent manner. N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone is used to study bacterial quorum sensing mechanisms, especially the secondary metabolism and virulence factor regulatory pathways of Erwinia carotovora and Yersinia enterocolitica .
    N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
  • HY-P2866
    β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Streptococcus pneumoniae

    		Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Streptococcus pneumoniae is a cell surface virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which contains two synergistically acting GH20 domains (with higher activity in GH20-2). β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Streptococcus pneumoniae specifically recognizes and hydrolyzes substrates with β(1,2) glycosidic bonds via Trp-443 and Tyr-482 residues. β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Streptococcus pneumoniae catalyzes the hydrolysis of β(1,2)-linked N-acetylglucosamine groups and related disaccharides, and promotes persistent colonization of bacteria in the airway by modifying host defense molecules and releasing monosaccharides for bacterial growth. β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Streptococcus pneumoniae can be used in studies related to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, acute pneumonia, otitis media and meningitis .
    β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • HY-W012572
    D-Histidine

    		Mitochondrial Metabolism Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease
    D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu 2+) .
    D-Histidine
  • HY-134215
    cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid

    		Bacterial Fungal Infection
    cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid is a quorum sensing (QS) signal that acts as a diffusion signaling factor (DSF) in extracellular microbial and fungal communication systems. DSF is involved in the regulation of virulence and biofilm formation of a variety of bacterial pathogens .
    cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid
  • HY-108988
    Albicidin

    		Antibiotic Bacterial Topoisomerase DNA/RNA Synthesis Infection
    Albicidin is a peptide antibiotic with phytotoxic activity. Albicidin potently inhibits bacterial and plant DNA gyrase at nanomolar concentrations, blocks DNA replication, and exhibits excellent antibacterial efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Albicidin possesses bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, and acts as a virulence factor for the systemic plant infection by Xanthomonas albilineans. Albicidin can be used in studies related to bacterial infections and sugarcane leaf blight .
    Albicidin
  • HY-B1455S1
    Clindamycin-13C,d3

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection
    Clindamycin- 13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Clindamycin. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin-13C,d3
  • HY-W012572A
    D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate

    		Mitochondrial Metabolism Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease
    D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu 2+) .
    D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate
  • HY-N11102
    Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose

    dTDP-L-Rhamnose

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Infection
    Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-L-Rhamnose) is a key activated nucleotide sugar in bacteria, with a KD value of 13 μM for Listeria monocytogenes RmlT. Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose acts as a high-energy donor for L-Rhamnose (HY-N1420), and is specifically used for the synthesis of bacterial cell wall polysaccharides, capsules and virulence factors .
    Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose
  • HY-W127393
    N-Nonanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial research for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C9-HSL is a rare odd-numbered acyl carbon chain produced by wild-type Erwinia carotovora strain SCC 3193 grown in nutrient-rich Luria-Bertani broth (LB) medium.
    N-Nonanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
  • HY-N11102A
    Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium

    dTDP-L-Rhamnose disodium

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Infection
    Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose (dTDP-L-Rhamnose) disodium is a key activated nucleotide sugar in bacteria, with a KD value of 13 μM for Listeria monocytogenes RmlT. Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium acts as a high-energy donor for L-Rhamnose (HY-N1420), and is specifically used for the synthesis of bacterial cell wall polysaccharides, capsules and virulence factors .
    Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium
  • HY-B1455S
    Clindamycin-d3 hydrochloride

    		Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection
    Clindamycin-d3 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Clindamycin. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin-d3 hydrochloride
  • HY-W141788
    N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone

    		Bacterial Infection
    N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone is an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) analogue. AHLs are potent inhibitors of biofilm formation and virulence factors, and has been used for degrading microbial communities, reducing bacterial pathogenicity .
    N-Butyryl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone
  • HY-162898
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-1

    		Bacterial Infection
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-1 (Compound 4S) is a bacterial virulence factor inhibitor by interfering with the bacterial infection process. Anti-virulence factor-IN-1 exhibits an antibacterial activity against Xoo in vitro with an EC50 value of 0.28 µg/mL. Anti-virulence factor-IN-1 can be used to effectively manage rice bacterial leaf blight in vivo. Anti-virulence factor-IN-1 is promising for research of plant bacterial disease .
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-1
  • HY-N7788
    cis-2-Dodecenoic acid

    		Bacterial Infection
    cis-2-Dodecenoic acid, originally discovered in Burkholderia cenocepacia, can interfere with the bacterial quorum sensing system and inhibit bacterial biofilm formation and virulence factor production .
    cis-2-Dodecenoic acid
  • HY-176224
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-2

    		Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-2 (compound C7) is an inhibitor targeting the virulence factor KpsM in Escherichia coli. kpsM mediates the translocation of capsular polysaccharides to the cell surface, allowing kpsM-positive E. coli to escape the phagocytosis of the scavenger receptor Marco on liver Kupffer cells, leading to bacterial dissemination. kpsM-positive E. coli exacerbates ethanol-induced liver disease. Anti-virulence factor-IN-2 can inhibit the ethanol-induced liver disease model caused by kpsM-dependent capsid in mice and has anti-infective activity. Anti-virulence factor-IN-2 can be used for the study of alcoholic hepatitis .
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-2
  • HY-174523
    Human TLR5 mRNA

    		mRNA Inflammation/Immunology
    Human TLR5 mRNA encodes the human toll like receptor 5 (TLR5) protein, a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLR5 recognizes bacterial flagellin, the principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-kappaB, which in turn activates a host of inflammatory-related target genes.
    Human TLR5 mRNA
  • HY-149169
    Phevamine A

    		Bacterial Inflammation/Immunology
    Phevamine A is a small molecule bacterial phytotoxin that can be isolated from Pseudomonas syringae. Phevamine promotes bacterial growth by suppressing plant immune responses .
    Phevamine A
  • HY-152175
    Antibacterial agent 130

    		Bacterial Infection
    Antibacterial agent 130 is a 1,1-diarylthiogalactoside, used for targeting the Pseudomonas aeruginosa LecA. Antibacterial agent 130 shows high affinity toward LecA (Kd=1 μM). Antibacterial agent 130 has antibiofilm activity, but lacks bactericidal activity. LecA, a lectin and virulence factor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa involved in bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation .
    Antibacterial agent 130
  • HY-W012572R
    D-Histidine (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Mitochondrial Metabolism Bacterial Infection Metabolic Disease
    D-Histidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Histidine (HY-W012572). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu 2+) .
    D-Histidine (Standard)
  • HY-124469
    UM-C162

    		Bacterial Infection
    UM-C162, a benzimidazole derivative, can rescue nematodes from a S. aureus infection. UM-C162 prevents the formation of biofilm without interfering with bacterial viability. UM-C162 mediates the disruption of S. aureus hemolysins, proteases and clumping factors production. UM-C162 has the potential to be used as an anti-virulence agent to control S. aureus infections .
    UM-C162
  • HY-155479
    PqsR-IN-3

    		Bacterial Infection
    PqsR-IN-3 (compound 16e) is a selective inhibitor of the pqs system (IC50=3.7 μM) and its associated virulence factor pyocyanin (IC50=2.7 μM). PqsR-IN-3 inhibits bacterial biofilm synthesis and is significantly cytotoxic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PqsR-IN-3 has synergistic effects with several antibiotics, such as Ciprofloxacin (HY-B0356) and Tobramycin (HY-B0441) .
    PqsR-IN-3
  • HY-B1455R
    Clindamycin (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Bacterial Antibiotic Parasite Infection Cancer
    Clindamycin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clindamycin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clindamycin is an orally active and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic lincosamide antibiotic. Clindamycin can inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, possessing the ability to suppress the expression of virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus at sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Clindamycin resistance results from enzymatic methylation of the antibiotic binding site in the 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA). Clindamycin decreases the production of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), toxic-shock-staphylococcal toxin (TSST-1) or alpha-haemolysin (Hla). Clindamycin also can be used for researching malaria .
    Clindamycin (Standard)
  • HY-W127487
    N-Octadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial research for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C18-HSL, one of four lipophilic long acyl side chain AHLs produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI, is involved in quorum-sensing signaling in strains of Rhizobium meliloti (a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of the legume M. sativa) . C18-HSL and other hydrophobic AHLs tend to localize in the relatively lipophilic environment of bacterial cells and cannot diffuse freely across the cell membrane. Long-chain N-acyl homoserine lactones can be exported from cells by efflux pumps, or can be transported between communicating cells by extracellular outer membrane vesicles.
    N-Octadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
  • HY-114773
    N-Undecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial research for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C11-HSL has a rare odd-numbered acyl carbon chain and may be a minor quorum-sensing signaling molecule in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
    N-Undecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
  • HY-183966
    Antibacterial agent 348

    		Bacterial Fungal Infection
    Antibacterial agent 348 is an antimicrobial agent containing piperazine-isopropanolamine bifunctional groups. Antibacterial agent 348 suppresses virulence factor expression in plant pathogens. Antibacterial agent 348 compromises bacterial membrane integrity, leading to cytoplasmic leakage. Antibacterial agent 348 inhibits cellular proliferation of plant pathogens, diminishes colonization and infectivity of plant pathogens in host plants. Antibacterial agent 348 can be used for the research of rice bacterial leaf blight, pepper phytophthora blight .
    Antibacterial agent 348
  • HY-183711
    Antibacterial agent 344

    		Bacterial Heme Oxygenase (HO) Infection
    Antibacterial agent 344 is an antibacterial agent with potent biofilm inhibition (IC50 = 0.27 μM). Antibacterial agent 344 inhibits heme oxygenase (HemO), impairs iron homeostasis, virulence factor production, and motility. Antibacterial agent 344 synergizes with Ciprofloxacin (HY-B0356) and Tobramycin (HY-B0441), enhancing their efficacy and delaying the development of resistance. Antibacterial agent 344 improves bacterial-infected Galleria mellonella survival, and reduces bacterial load in mice wounds. Antibacterial agent 344 can be used for the research of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections .
    Antibacterial agent 344
  • HY-179376
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-3

    		Bacterial Infection
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 (Compound 21) is a covalent β-aminosulfinyl type anthrax edema factor (EF) inhibitor, with a Ki value of 0.44 μM. Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 generates an active ethylene sulfinyl intermediate, which forms an irreversible covalent bond with the Lys residue at the active center of EF, permanently inhibiting the adenylate cyclase activity of EF. Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 effectively inhibits the cAMP production induced by EF, with an EC50 value of 0.15 μM. Anti-virulence factor-IN-3 can be used for research on anthrax Infection .
    Anti-virulence factor-IN-3

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