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rat liver homogenates

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By Targets:	11β-HSD (1) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) (1) Bacterial (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (2) Drug Derivative (2) Drug Intermediate (3) Drug Metabolite (4) Endogenous Metabolite (7) Environmental Pollutants (2) Glucocorticoid Receptor (1) Glycosyltransferase (1) iGluR (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (1) Leukotriene Receptor (1) Reference Standards (1) Sigma Receptor (1)
By Research Areas:	Cardiovascular Disease (3) Endocrinology (2) Infection (3) Inflammation/Immunology (5) Metabolic Disease (2) Neurological Disease (1)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Targets Recommended: LXR

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-Y0262

Oxalic acid, 99% 1 Publications Verification Ethanedioic acid	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Oxalic acid, 99% (Ethanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid found in a wide variety of plants. Oxalic acid, 99% shows antioxidant acyivity and suppresses lipid peroxidation. Oxalic acid, 99% is a pathogenicity factor for sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and suppresses the oxidative burst of the host plant. Oxalic acid, 99% exerts acaricidal activity. Oxalic acid can be used for the researches of sclerotinia disease, varroatosis and inflammatory diseases .

HY-113422

Tetrahydrocorticosterone	Endogenous Metabolite Glucocorticoid Receptor	Inflammation/Immunology
Tetrahydrocorticosterone is a glucocorticoid. One of its active forms, 5α-Tetrahydrocorticosterone (HY-113364), exerts its effects by binding to the GC receptor and inhibiting inflammatory processes. Tetrahydrocorticosterone is naturally synthesized by the adrenal glands and plays a key role in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats .

HY-114296

2,3-Oxidosqualene Squalene oxide	Drug Intermediate Endogenous Metabolite	Others
2,3-Oxidosqualene (Squalene oxide) is a sterol biosynthesis precursor intermediate.2,3-Oxidosqualene participates in cyclization pathways that form sterols and triterpenes, and contributes to introduction of their characteristic 3-hydroxyl group.2,3-Oxidosqualene forms metabolically from squalene in rat liver homogenates under sterol synthesis conditions.2,3-Oxidosqualene converts to sterols including cholesterol, lathosterol, and lanost-8-en-3β-ol in rat liver homogenates under anaerobic conditions .

HY-145628

CM398	Sigma Receptor	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
CM398 is a highly selective, orally active Sigma-2 receptor ligand with a K_i value of 0.43 nM. CM398 ameliorates age-related macular degeneration. CM398 exerts analgesic effects on visceral pain, inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain. CM398 can be used in research related to age-related macular degeneration, neuropathic pain and inflammatory pain .

HY-N11424

Bilirubin diglucuronide	Drug Metabolite Glycosyltransferase	Metabolic Disease
Bilirubin diglucuronide is a bilirubin glycoside conjugate with a 1-O-acyl β-D-glucuronide structure. Bilirubin diglucuronide is the major conjugated bilirubin (HY-N0323) and predominant pigment excreted in the bile of adult humans, rats, dogs and cats. Bilirubin diglucuronide is mainly synthesized via UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-mediated transfer of glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid to bilirubin monoglucuronide, or via enzymatic disproportionation of two moles of bilirubin monoglucuronide (predominantly producing the IXα configuration). In addition, Bilirubin diglucuronide can also be synthesized from bilirubin or its monoglucuronide in a UDP-glucuronic acid-dependent manner. Pretreatment with phenobarbital significantly enhances the formation process of Bilirubin diglucuronide .

HY-Y0262A

Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate 1 Publications Verification Ethanedioic acid diammonium monohydrate	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Oxalic acid (Ethanedioic acid) diammonium monohydrate is a dicarboxylic acid found in a wide variety of plants. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate shows antioxidant acyivity and suppresses lipid peroxidation. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate is a pathogenicity factor for sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and suppresses the oxidative burst of the host plant. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate exerts acaricidal activity. Oxalic acid can be used for the researches of sclerotinia disease varroatosis and inflammatory diseases .

HY-114296S

2,3-Oxidosqualene-d6 Squalene oxide-d₆	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Drug Intermediate Endogenous Metabolite	Others
2,3-Oxidosqualene-d₆ (Squalene oxide-d₆) is a deuterium labeled 2,3-Oxidosqualene (HY-114296). 2,3-Oxidosqualene (Squalene oxide) is a sterol biosynthesis precursor intermediate.2,3-Oxidosqualene participates in cyclization pathways that form sterols and triterpenes, and contributes to introduction of their characteristic 3-hydroxyl group.2,3-Oxidosqualene forms metabolically from squalene in rat liver homogenates under sterol synthesis conditions.2,3-Oxidosqualene converts to sterols including cholesterol, lathosterol, and lanost-8-en-3β-ol in rat liver homogenates under anaerobic conditions.

HY-W150695

1-Acetamidonaphthalene N-(Naphthalen-1-yl)acetamide	Bacterial	Infection
1-Acetamidonaphthalene (N-(Naphthalen-1-yl)acetamide) is a degradation product of Digitoxigenin (HY-B2151). 1-Acetamidonaphthalene is weakly mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with metabolic activation. 1-Acetamidonaphthalene can be used for the research of bacterial infection .

HY-W009934

2-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile α-Phenyl-2-pyridineacetonitrile	Drug Metabolite	Endocrinology
2-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile is the major metabolite of SC 15396 metabolized by the supernatant fraction of rat liver homogenate. SC 15396 is an antigastrin that inhibits gastric secretion .

HY-177148

G256	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cardiovascular Disease
G256 (Compound 1) is an amidinohydrazone. G256 can also be considered as a Schiff’s base of aminoguanidine. G256 exhibits antiarrhythmic activity. G256 is the reduced form of NOH-G256 by microsomal enzyme preparation from rabbit and rat liver homogenates in the presence of NADPH and NADH .

HY-177148A

G256 dihydrochloride	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cardiovascular Disease
G256 (Compound 1) (dihydrochloride) is an amidinohydrazone. G256 (dihydrochloride) can also be considered as a Schiff’s base of aminoguanidine. G256 (dihydrochloride) exhibits antiarrhythmic activity. G256 (dihydrochloride) is the reduced form of NOH-G256 by microsomal enzyme preparation from rabbit and rat liver homogenates in the presence of NADPH and NADH .

HY-W009934R

2-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile (Standard) α-Phenyl-2-pyridineacetonitrile (Standard)	Drug Metabolite Reference Standards	Endocrinology
2-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)acetonitrile is the major metabolite of SC 15396 metabolized by the supernatant fraction of rat liver homogenate. SC 15396 is an antigastrin that inhibits gastric secretion[1].

HY-105572

Moveltipril calcium MC-838 calcium	Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE)	Cardiovascular Disease
Moveltipril calcium (MC-838 calcium) is an orally active angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Moveltipril calcium binds via a stable thioester bond and exhibits relative resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis in rat liver homogenate. Moveltipril calcium effectively inhibits ACE extracted from rabbit lung in a concentration-dependent manner. Moveltipril calcium is able to highly specifically inhibit the contractile response to angiotensin-I (AI) in free rat aortic rings and guinea pig ileum preparations, while enhancing the contractile response to calcitonin .

HY-182251

Glutathione sulfinanilide GSOAN	Drug Derivative	Others
Glutathione sulfinanilide (GSOAN) is a derivative of Nitrosobenzene (HY-121641). Glutathione sulfinanilide can be generated by the reaction of Nitrosobenzene with GSH. Glutathione sulfinanilide is degradable in rat liver homogenate .

HY-19109

RG-7152	Leukotriene Receptor	Others
RG-7152 is a tetrazolyl-substituted leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist that can induce peroxisomal β-oxidation and peroxisome bifunctional enzymes (PBEs) in hepatocytes in various animal models. It has been shown to significantly increase PBE levels and β-oxidation activity in rat and mouse liver homogenates, while smaller effects were observed in guinea pigs and monkeys and no effect in dogs. In vitro studies have also shown that it can induce PBEs comparable to clofibric acid, indicating its potential as a peroxisome proliferator .

HY-171478

SQ 11,447	Drug Derivative	Others
SQ 11,447 is a methylurea analogue that demonstrates remarkable resistance to hydrolysis in both in vitro (rat, dog, and human liver homogenates) and in vivo (rat) experimental models.

HY-123273

(Rac)-Metyrapol	11β-HSD	Metabolic Disease
Metyrapol is a steroid 11β-hydroxylase inhibitor. Metyrapol blocks the conversion of deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone in rat adrenal homogenates. Metyrapol can be used in the study of metabolic diseases .

HY-W725454

Acetaminosalol	Drug Metabolite Drug Intermediate	Inflammation/Immunology
Acetaminosalol, a merged ester NSAID–APAP hybrid, is a metabolite of Benorylate (HY-107795) and a prodrug of Acetaminophen (HY-66005) and Aalicylic acid (HY-B0167). Acetaminosalol can be used for the research of acute rheumatism .

HY-169872

17-Hydroxystearic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
17-Hydroxystearic acid isolable from Torulopsis magnoliae fermentation oil. 17-Hydroxystearic acid is a saturated C₁₈ ω2-hydroxy fatty acid existing in D- and L-enantiomeric forms .

HY-W051199

O-Phosphono-L-homoserine o-Phosphohomoserine	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR	Others
O-Phosphono-L-homoserine (o-Phosphohomoserine) is an intermediate in threonine synthesis in bacteria and plants, and can also be hijacked by MetM in some Streptomyces species to enter a novel methionine synthesis pathway. O-Phosphono-L-homoserine acts as a weak antagonist of the NMDA receptor. O-Phosphono-L-homoserine can be used as a substrate for studies on amino acid metabolism of the aspartate family, a control for mechanism studies of PLP enzymes, and a reference for structure-activity relationship studies of NMDA receptor ligands .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-Y0262A

Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate 1 Publications Verification Ethanedioic acid diammonium monohydrate	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Oxalic acid (Ethanedioic acid) diammonium monohydrate is a dicarboxylic acid found in a wide variety of plants. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate shows antioxidant acyivity and suppresses lipid peroxidation. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate is a pathogenicity factor for sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and suppresses the oxidative burst of the host plant. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate exerts acaricidal activity. Oxalic acid can be used for the researches of sclerotinia disease varroatosis and inflammatory diseases .

Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate

1 Publications Verification

Ethanedioic acid diammonium monohydrate

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Oxalic acid (Ethanedioic acid) diammonium monohydrate is a dicarboxylic acid found in a wide variety of plants.
Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate shows antioxidant acyivity and suppresses lipid peroxidation.
Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate is a pathogenicity factor for sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and suppresses the oxidative burst of the host plant. Oxalic acid diammonium monohydrate exerts acaricidal activity. Oxalic acid can be used for the researches of sclerotinia disease varroatosis and inflammatory diseases .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-Y0262

Oxalic acid, 99% 1 Publications Verification Ethanedioic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
Oxalic acid, 99% (Ethanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid found in a wide variety of plants. Oxalic acid, 99% shows antioxidant acyivity and suppresses lipid peroxidation. Oxalic acid, 99% is a pathogenicity factor for sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and suppresses the oxidative burst of the host plant. Oxalic acid, 99% exerts acaricidal activity. Oxalic acid can be used for the researches of sclerotinia disease, varroatosis and inflammatory diseases .

HY-113422

Tetrahydrocorticosterone	Structural Classification Endogenous metabolite Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Glucocorticoid Receptor
Tetrahydrocorticosterone is a glucocorticoid. One of its active forms, 5α-Tetrahydrocorticosterone (HY-113364), exerts its effects by binding to the GC receptor and inhibiting inflammatory processes. Tetrahydrocorticosterone is naturally synthesized by the adrenal glands and plays a key role in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats .

HY-N11424

Bilirubin diglucuronide	Structural Classification Natural Products Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Drug Metabolite Glycosyltransferase
Bilirubin diglucuronide is a bilirubin glycoside conjugate with a 1-O-acyl β-D-glucuronide structure. Bilirubin diglucuronide is the major conjugated bilirubin (HY-N0323) and predominant pigment excreted in the bile of adult humans, rats, dogs and cats. Bilirubin diglucuronide is mainly synthesized via UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-mediated transfer of glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronic acid to bilirubin monoglucuronide, or via enzymatic disproportionation of two moles of bilirubin monoglucuronide (predominantly producing the IXα configuration). In addition, Bilirubin diglucuronide can also be synthesized from bilirubin or its monoglucuronide in a UDP-glucuronic acid-dependent manner. Pretreatment with phenobarbital significantly enhances the formation process of Bilirubin diglucuronide .

HY-169872

17-Hydroxystearic acid	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
17-Hydroxystearic acid isolable from Torulopsis magnoliae fermentation oil. 17-Hydroxystearic acid is a saturated C₁₈ ω2-hydroxy fatty acid existing in D- and L-enantiomeric forms .

HY-W051199

O-Phosphono-L-homoserine o-Phosphohomoserine	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR
O-Phosphono-L-homoserine (o-Phosphohomoserine) is an intermediate in threonine synthesis in bacteria and plants, and can also be hijacked by MetM in some Streptomyces species to enter a novel methionine synthesis pathway. O-Phosphono-L-homoserine acts as a weak antagonist of the NMDA receptor. O-Phosphono-L-homoserine can be used as a substrate for studies on amino acid metabolism of the aspartate family, a control for mechanism studies of PLP enzymes, and a reference for structure-activity relationship studies of NMDA receptor ligands .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-114296S

2,3-Oxidosqualene-d6
2,3-Oxidosqualene-d₆ (Squalene oxide-d₆) is a deuterium labeled 2,3-Oxidosqualene (HY-114296). 2,3-Oxidosqualene (Squalene oxide) is a sterol biosynthesis precursor intermediate.2,3-Oxidosqualene participates in cyclization pathways that form sterols and triterpenes, and contributes to introduction of their characteristic 3-hydroxyl group.2,3-Oxidosqualene forms metabolically from squalene in rat liver homogenates under sterol synthesis conditions.2,3-Oxidosqualene converts to sterols including cholesterol, lathosterol, and lanost-8-en-3β-ol in rat liver homogenates under anaerobic conditions.

2,3-Oxidosqualene-d6

2,3-Oxidosqualene-d₆ (Squalene oxide-d₆) is a deuterium labeled 2,3-Oxidosqualene (HY-114296). 2,3-Oxidosqualene (Squalene oxide) is a sterol biosynthesis precursor intermediate.2,3-Oxidosqualene participates in cyclization pathways that form sterols and triterpenes, and contributes to introduction of their characteristic 3-hydroxyl group.2,3-Oxidosqualene forms metabolically from squalene in rat liver homogenates under sterol synthesis conditions.2,3-Oxidosqualene converts to sterols including cholesterol, lathosterol, and lanost-8-en-3β-ol in rat liver homogenates under anaerobic conditions.

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rat liver homogenates

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

NaturalProducts

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Natural
Products