Steroids

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Estradiol (β-Estradiol) is a steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. Estradiol can up-regulate the expression of neural markers of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and promote their neural differentiation. Estradiol can be used for the research of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering.

Digitonin, a glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea, could increase cell permeability by binding to cholesterol molecules and reduce tumor growth. Digitonin is an natural detergent.

Cholesterol (from animal) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from animal) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from animal) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

Corticosterone (17-Deoxycortisol) is an orally active and adrenal cortex-produced glucocorticoid, which plays an important role in regulating neuronal functions of the limbic system (including hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala). Corticosterone increases the Rab-mediated AMPAR membrane traffic via SGK-induced phosphorylation of GDI. Corticosterone also interferes with the maturation of dendritic cells and shows a good immunosuppressive effect.

Ebelin lactone (Compound 1) is a sapogenin. Ebelin lactone is the acid hydrolysis product of Jujuboside A (HY-N0659) and Jujuboside B (HY-N0660).

Trihydroxycoprostane (THCP) is a polyhydroxysterane compound with a 5β configuration. ITrihydroxycoprostane acts as a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of bile acids from cholesterol and also serves as an important sterol metabolite generated by host-gut microbiota interactions. Trihydroxycoprostane can be used for mechanistic studies of diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and bile acid metabolism disorders.

Schottenol is a natural steroid.

DHEA (Prasterone) is one of the most abundant steroid hormones. DHEA (Prasterone) mediates its action via multiple signaling pathways involving specific membrane receptors and via transformation into androgen and estrogen derivatives (e.g., androgens, estrogens, 7α and 7β DHEA, and 7α and 7β epiandrosterone derivatives) acting through their specific receptors.

Cholesterol Water Soluble is a major sterol in mammals, constituting 20-25% of the structural composition of the plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol Water Soluble plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of membranes and the function of transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol Water Soluble is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) agonist. Cholesterol Water Soluble can be used to study the effects of cholesterol on potassium currents in inner hair cells.
(Note: This product is a mixture of Cholesterol and Methyl-β-cyclodextrin. The product specifications below only indicate the effective content of Cholesterol.)

Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an orally active endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

Lithocholic acid is a toxic secondary bile acid that can promote intrahepatic cholestasis and promote tumorigenesis. Lithocholic acid is also a FXR antagonist and a PXR/SXR agonist.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.

25-Hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC) is a metabolite of cholesterol that is produced and secreted by macrophages in response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. 25-hydroxycholesterol is a potent (EC₅₀≈65 nM) and selective suppressor of IgA production by B cells.

Deoxycholic acid (cholanoic acid), a bile acid, is a by-product of intestinal metabolism, that activates the G protein-coupled bile acid receptorTGR5.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodeoxycholate) is a secondary bile acid issued from the transformation of (cheno)deoxycholic acid by intestinal bacteria, acting as a key regulator of the intestinal barrier integrity and essential for lipid metabolism. Ursodeoxycholic acid acts as signaling molecule, exerting its effects by interacting with bile acid activated receptors, including G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 5 (TGR5, GPCR19) and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Ursodeoxycholic acid can be used for the research of a variety of hepatic and gastrointestinal diseases. Ursodeoxycholic acid also reduces ACE2 expression and is beneficial for reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection. Orally active.

Cyclopamine is a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway antagonist with an IC₅₀ of 46 nM in the Hh cell assay. Cyclopamine is also a selective Smo inhibitor.

Taurocholic acid (N-Choloyltaurine) has marked bioactive effects such as an inhibitory potential against hepatic artery ligation induced biliary damage by upregulation of VEGF-A expression. Taurocholic acid has immunoregulation effect.

Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.

Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. Cholic acid is orally active.