Tauroursodeoxycholate
Based on 111 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an orally active endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.90%
- CAS No.: 14605-22-2
- Formula: C26H45NO6S
- Molecular Weight:499.70
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Tauroursodeoxycholate
More- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025 Dec 15;10(1):406. [Abstract]
- Nature. 2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. [Abstract]
- Cell Host Microbe. 2025 Aug 19:S1931-3128(25)00291-4. [Abstract]
- Nat Cell Biol. 2023 May;25(5):726-739. [Abstract]
- Drug Resist Updat. 2026 Feb 8:86:101375. [Abstract]
- Drug Resist Updat. 2026 Feb 8;86:101375.
- Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 16;16(1):7638. [Abstract]
- J Adv Res. 2026 Feb 21:S2090-1232(26)00180-3. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2023 Oct:66:102861. [Abstract]
- Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2392877. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021 Nov;8(21):e2101936. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2026 Apr 3;17(1):452. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2026 Feb 9. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2023 Aug 15;14(8):524. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2020 Apr 24;11(4):279. [Abstract]
- Mol Ther. 2023 Mar 1;31(3):890-908. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2023 Sep:118:154971. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Anal. 2025 Jan;15(1):101068. [Abstract]
- Arch Toxicol. 2025 Aug 20. [Abstract]
- J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2021 Dec;12(6):1553-1569. [Abstract]
- Chin Med J (Engl). 2025 Jan 5;138(1):79-92. [Abstract]
- Apoptosis. 2026 Jan 13;31(1):46.
- MedComm-Oncology. 2023 Feb 19.
- Diabetes Metab J. 2026 Jan;50(1):62-76. [Abstract]
- Mater Design. 8 November 2021, 110229.
- Biofabrication. 2021 May 5;13(3). [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2026 Mar 12;45(3):117083. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2026 Mar 17;45(4):117108. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Nov 25;44(11):116502. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2023 Dec 27;43(1):113591. [Abstract]
- Cell Prolif. 2021 Nov;54(11):e13133. [Abstract]
- Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Jul;176(13):2162-2178. [Abstract]
- Environ Pollut. 2025 Oct 6:127217. [Abstract]
- Virulence. 2026 Dec;17(1):2654261. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Aug 6;73(31):19442-19459. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Aug 13;73(32):20235-20253. [Abstract]
- Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2026 Jun 8:322:120347. [Abstract]
- Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jan 15:270:115895. [Abstract]
- Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 May 1;236:113508. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Dec;242(Pt 4):117377. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Jun:236:116868. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2018 Aug:154:278-292. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2025 May 15:369:123526. [Abstract]
- J Inflamm. 2023 Nov 1;20(1):36. [Abstract]
- Nutrients. 2021 Dec 1;13(12):4343. [Abstract]
- J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2025 Dec 22.
- Respir Res. 2025 Apr 12;26(1):136. [Abstract]
- Cell Biol Toxicol. 2025 Mar 7;41(1):56. [Abstract]
- Nutr Diabetes. 2024 Sep 13;14(1):75. [Abstract]
- Cell Biol Toxicol. 2024 Jan 22;40(1):1. [Abstract]
- Cell Biol Toxicol. 2023 Jun;39(3):907-928. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Sep 6:165:115471. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Feb 6:147:113982. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 20;24(14):11692. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 Jun:95:107519. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 16;13:977622. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2021 Aug 23;12:708462. [Abstract]
- Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 May 12:8:269. [Abstract]
- Bioorg Chem. 2026 Jun 18:180:110129. [Abstract]
- Am J Pathol. 2024 Jan;194(1):85-100. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 30;7(1):9967. [Abstract]
- Cancers (Basel). 2020 Mar 6;12(3):613. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2026 May:141:112359. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2025 Mar:127:111560. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2019 Oct;23(10):7029-7042. [Abstract]
- Brain Res Bull. 2020 Sep:162:73-83. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2025 Jun 15;39(11):e70715. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2025 Jun 15;39(11):e70695. [Abstract]
- Chem Res Toxicol. 2025 Feb 17;38(2):314-324. [Abstract]
- J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024 Dec:86:127512. [Abstract]
- Cell Stress Chaperones. 2022 May;27(3):273-283. [Abstract]
- Virol J. 2025 Nov 17;22(1):378. [Abstract]
- Microb Pathog. 2026 Jul:216:108505. [Abstract]
- Nutr Metab. 2020 Jan 30;17:11. [Abstract]
- Cytokine. 2026 Jan:197:157068. [Abstract]
- Anim Cells Syst. 2023 Nov 27.
- Cytokine. 2020 Mar:127:154959. [Abstract]
- Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2024 Oct;196(10):7362-7374. [Abstract]
- Cancer Med. 2023 Jun;12(12):13610-13622. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2025 Jul 15:259:116760. [Abstract]
- Animals (Basel). 2026 Apr 1;16(7):1070. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2025 Sep:203:115592. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 Oct:120:253-260. [Abstract]
- J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2024 Nov:244:106599. [Abstract]
- BMC Mol Cell Biol. 2023 Mar 3;24(1):7. [Abstract]
- Vet Microbiol. 2026 May:316:110968. [Abstract]
- PLoS One. 2023 May 18;18(5):e0283943. [Abstract]
- Infect Genet Evol. 2020 Nov:85:104552. [Abstract]
- Pharmacology. 2019;103(1-2):93-100. [Abstract]
- FEBS Open Bio. 2020 Oct;10(10):2122-2136. [Abstract]
- Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Aug;32(4):363-377. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 May 7:812:153592. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026 Apr 30:811:153436. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Aug 20:721:149972. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 May 14:708:149770. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021 Mar 12:544:44-51. [Abstract]
- Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 22;110(4):116500. [Abstract]
- J Int Med Res. 2023 May;51(5):3000605231173272. [Abstract]
- Int Heart J. 2023 Mar 31;64(2):283-293. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2026 Mar 11.
- Sci Total Environ. 2024 Oct 15:947:174536. [Abstract]
- Sci Total Environ. 2024 Oct 10:946:174299. [Abstract]
- Research Square Preprint. 2023 Oct 16.
- Research Square Preprint. 2023 Oct 23.
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Aug:164:114897. [Abstract]
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Aug 31;2022:9004738. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 May 24;151:113173. [Abstract]
- Universitat Politècnica de València. 2020 Sep.
- bioRxiv. 2020 Jun.
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Dec:120:109475. [Abstract]
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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RT-PCR
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RT-PCR
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WB
All Caspase Isoforms
MoreAll Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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ERK |
Caspase-3 |
Caspase-12 |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHO | EC50 |
30 μM
Compound: 9a, tauro
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Agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay
Agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay
|
[PMID: 18307294] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
105.15 μM
Compound: TUDC
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Agonist activity at human TGR5 Y89A mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as rise in intracellular cAMP level incubated for 16 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TGR5 Y89A mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as rise in intracellular cAMP level incubated for 16 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 26435512] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
50.5 μM
Compound: TUDC
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Agonist activity at wild type human TGR5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as rise in intracellular cAMP level incubated for 16 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at wild type human TGR5 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as rise in intracellular cAMP level incubated for 16 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 26435512] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
10.3 μM
Compound: 1; TUDCA
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Inhibition of human ATX expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as decrease in choline release from LPC measured every 30 secs for 90 mins by HVA based fluorescence assay
Inhibition of human ATX expressed in HEK293 Flp-In cells assessed as decrease in choline release from LPC measured every 30 secs for 90 mins by HVA based fluorescence assay
|
[PMID: 28165241] |
| HET-1A | CC50 |
1002 μM
Compound: 8, GUDCA
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Cytotoxicity against human HET-1A cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HET-1A cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 20713311] |
Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA) suppresses both viability and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through inhibition of ERK phosphorylation, by induction of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) via PKCα. Tauroursodeoxycholate inhibits both the proliferation and migration of VSMCs via inhibition of ERK, through Ca2+-dependent PKCα translocation. Tauroursodeoxycholate prevents platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular injury-induced MMP-9 expression. The knock-down of MKP-1 using specific si-RNA restores the reduced VSMC viability by Tauroursodeoxycholate (200 μM), which suggests that anti-proliferative effect of Tauroursodeoxycholate depended on the MKP-1 expression[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Tauroursodeoxycholate (0.5 g/kg/day; in drinking water; 4 weeks) can alleviate abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in ApoE-/- mice treated with Angiotensin II (HY-13948)[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:ApoE-/-C57BL/6 male mice aged 8 weeks old treated Angiotensin II (HY-13948)[3]
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Dosage:0.5 g/kg/day
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Administration:Administration in drinking water, once daily, for 4 weeks
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Result:Significantly attenuated the maximum diameters of abdominal aortas, reduced the area of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) lesions.
Inhibited elastic fragmentation of the aortic wall, decreased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress chaperones (GRP-78 and GRP-94).
Reduced the number of apoptotic cells as well as the expression of apoptosis molecules (caspase-3, caspase-12, CHOP, JNK, ATF4, XBP-1, and eIF2α).
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 14605-22-2
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 499.70
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Formula C26H45NO6S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C[C@H](CCC(NCCS(=O)(O)=O)=O)[C@H]1CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])[C@@H](O)C[C@]4([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C
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Synonyms
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA; UR 906
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (111)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Signal Transduct Target Ther
Selective depletion of tumor-associated SAMHD1 enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy and antitumor immune responses. [Abstract]2025 Dec 15;10(1):406. PMID: 41392286 -
Nature
2025 Jul;643(8070):192-200. PMID: 39695227 -
Cell Host Microbe
2025 Aug 19:S1931-3128(25)00291-4. PMID: 40848719 -
Nat Cell Biol
SEL1L-HRD1 endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation controls STING-mediated innate immunity by limiting the size of the activable STING pool. [Abstract]2023 May;25(5):726-739. PMID: 37142791
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Cell Biol. 2023 May;25(5):726-739. [Abstract]
q-PCR analysis of ER stress markers in macrophages treated with vehicle or Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDCA) for 24 hr. n = 8 mice each, combined from 3 independent repeats.
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Cell Biol. 2023 May;25(5):726-739. [Abstract]
Immunoblot of the STING pathway in macrophages pretreated with Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDCA) for 24 hr followed by DMXAA for another 1 hr. The numbers below the blot indicate relative band intensity of STING, p-STING (normalized to β-tubulin), or ratio of phosphorylated to total protein (p/t), representative of 2 independent repeats.
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Drug Resist Updat
RNF26 regulating tumor immunogenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma by degrading GRP78 and instigating ER stress. [Abstract]2026 Feb 8:86:101375. PMID: 41687462 -
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Nat Commun
2025 Aug 16;16(1):7638. PMID: 40819131
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 16;16(1):7638. [Abstract]
Representative images of mouse colon and H&E staining. Mice were treated with GUDCA or TUDCA (400 mg/kg, twice a week) after the AOM/DSS model was established (n = 8/group). H&E staining showed normal, dysplastic mucosae and carcinoma in the colon tissues.
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J Adv Res
Lactobacillus plantarum AR113 alleviates Western Diet-Induced colitis and liver injury via bidirectional modulation of the Intestinal-Hepatic FXR signaling axis. [Abstract]2026 Feb 21:S2090-1232(26)00180-3. PMID: 41730412 -
Redox Biol
Oxidative stress mediates the inhibitory effects of Manzamine A on uterine leiomyoma cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via SOAT inhibition. [Abstract]2023 Oct:66:102861. PMID: 37666118 -
Gut Microbes
Bacterial amyloid curli activates the host unfolded protein response via IRE1α in the presence of HLA-B27. [Abstract]2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2392877. PMID: 39189642 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Targeting FDFT1 Reduces Cholesterol and Bile Acid Production and Delays Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through the HNF4A/ALDOB/AKT1 Axis. [Abstract]2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. PMID: 39899681
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. [Abstract]
The mRNA levels of ALDOB in Huh7 or HCCLM3 cells treated with various bile acids (100 μM, 24 h). All data are presented as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple-comparison correction. CA, cholic acid; TCA, taurocholic acid; GCA, glycocholic acid; TCDCA, taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid; LCA, lithocholic acid; TLCA, taurolithocholic acid; GLCA, glycolithocholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid; TDCA, taurodeoxycholic acid; GDCA, glycodeoxycholic acid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid; GUDCA, glycoursodeoxycholic acid.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
A Novel Mechanism of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress- and c-Myc-Degradation-Mediated Therapeutic Benefits of Antineurokinin-1 Receptor Drugs in Colorectal Cancer. [Abstract]2021 Nov;8(21):e2101936. PMID: 34605226 -
Cell Death Dis
PABPC1-induced stabilization of PGK1 mRNA reduces apoptosis and sunitinib sensitivity in renal cell carcinoma by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Abstract]2026 Apr 3;17(1):452. PMID: 41932875 -
Cell Death Dis
Endothelial IRE1 signaling maintains blood-brain barrier integrity and limits neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury. [Abstract]2026 Feb 9. PMID: 41663365
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2026 Feb 9. [Abstract]
RT-qPCR analysis of sXbp1, Cxcl10, and Ptprc (CD45) in cortices of mice with Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDCA, intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 mg/kg once daily) or saline administration at day 1 post-TBI.
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Cell Death Dis
PARP1-catalyzed PARylation of YY1 mediates endoplasmic reticulum stress in granulosa cells to determine primordial follicle activation. [Abstract]2023 Aug 15;14(8):524. PMID: 37582914 -
Cell Death Dis
CACNA1H downregulation induces skeletal muscle atrophy involving endoplasmic reticulum stress activation and autophagy flux blockade. [Abstract]2020 Apr 24;11(4):279. PMID: 32332705 -
Mol Ther
Modulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes activation contributes to improved survival and function of mesenchymal stromal cell spheroids. [Abstract]2023 Mar 1;31(3):890-908. PMID: 36566348
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Ther. 2023 Mar 1;31(3):890-908. [Abstract]
Inhibition of ER stress by treatment with Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDCA, 100-500 nM, 24 h) prominently suppressed NLRP3 expression and the levels of active caspase-1 and IL-1β in MSC2D.
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Ther. 2023 Mar 1;31(3):890-908. [Abstract]
MSC2D was treated with Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (TUDCA, 100-500 nM) for 24 h.
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Phytomedicine
Geniposide alleviated bile acid-associated NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating SIRT1/FXR signaling in bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis. [Abstract]2023 Sep:118:154971. PMID: 37494875 -
J Pharm Anal
Ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits the uptake of cystine through SLC7A11 and impairs de novo synthesis of glutathione. [Abstract]2025 Jan;15(1):101068. PMID: 39902457 -
Arch Toxicol
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) induces early hearing loss in guinea pigs via activating AhR to trigger mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress-regulated autophagy. [Abstract]2025 Aug 20. PMID: 40835755 -
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
Bile acid metabolism dysregulation associates with cancer cachexia: roles of liver and gut microbiome. [Abstract]2021 Dec;12(6):1553-1569. PMID: 34585527 -
Chin Med J (Engl)
EZH2/miR-142-3p/HMGB1 axis mediates chondrocyte pyroptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in knee osteoarthritis. [Abstract]2025 Jan 5;138(1):79-92. PMID: 39704001 -
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Diabetes Metab J
Serpina3c Mitigates Adipose Tissue Inflammation by Inhibiting the HIF1α-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Overoxidation in Adipocytes. [Abstract]2026 Jan;50(1):62-76. PMID: 40403760 -
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Biofabrication
Fabrication of a dual-layer cell-laden tubular scaffold for nerve regeneration and bile duct reconstruction. [Abstract]2021 May 5;13(3). PMID: 33873178 -
Cell Rep
IRE1α regulates macrophage phagocytosis in immune thrombocytopenia through NR1D1 mRNA decay and lysosomal biogenesis. [Abstract]2026 Mar 12;45(3):117083. PMID: 41824452 -
Cell Rep
ALG6 orchestrates coronavirus replication via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagy axis. [Abstract]2026 Mar 17;45(4):117108. PMID: 41855202 -
Cell Rep
Goblet cell-expressed microprotein FXYD3 determines gut homeostasis by maintaining mucus barrier integrity. [Abstract]2025 Nov 25;44(11):116502. PMID: 41187059 -
Cell Rep
Oral fecal transplantation enriches Lachnospiraceae and butyrate to mitigate acute liver injury. [Abstract]2023 Dec 27;43(1):113591. PMID: 38153838 -
Cell Prolif
Surf4 facilitates reprogramming by activating the cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Abstract]2021 Nov;54(11):e13133. PMID: 34585448 -
Br J Pharmacol
2019 Jul;176(13):2162-2178. PMID: 30875096 -
Environ Pollut
Mycotoxin Alternariol Exposure Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Hepatotoxicity to Exacerbate Chronic Liver Injury. [Abstract]2025 Oct 6:127217. PMID: 41061884 -
Virulence
Toxoplasma gondii effector GRA35 mediates neuronal damage via ER stress and mitochondria-associated apoptosis. [Abstract]2026 Dec;17(1):2654261. PMID: 41940502 -
J Agric Food Chem
Synbiotic Intervention with Inulin and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LPm77 Attenuates Type 2 Diabetes via Enhanced TUDCA Metabolism and Gut-Liver Axis Modulation. [Abstract]2025 Aug 6;73(31):19442-19459. PMID: 40708558 -
J Agric Food Chem
Sargassum fusiforme Fucoidan Ameliorates Obesity-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction via a Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid-Mediated TGR5-cAMP-PKA Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Aug 13;73(32):20235-20253. PMID: 40758868 -
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Nanoplastics and Benzo[a]pyrene Co-pollution aggravates pulmonary ferroptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress-triggered IRE1α liquid-liquid phase separation. [Abstract]2026 Jun 8:322:120347. PMID: 42259117 -
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
The impact of tetrachlorobisphenol A exposure during puberty: Altered Leydig cell development and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in male mice. [Abstract]2024 Jan 15:270:115895. PMID: 38159341 -
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure increases both proliferation and apoptosis of human placental trophoblast cells mediated by ER stress-induced ROS or UPR pathways. [Abstract]2022 May 1;236:113508. PMID: 35427876 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid ameliorates palmitic acid induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and impaired autophagy via IRE1- XBP1-FoxO1 pathway in KGN cells. [Abstract]2025 Dec;242(Pt 4):117377. PMID: 41043520 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Leptin impairs the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by inducing apoptosis through NLRP3 inflammasomes activation. [Abstract]2025 Jun:236:116868. PMID: 40081766 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Globular adiponectin protects rat hepatocytes against acetaminophen-induced cell death via modulation of the inflammasome activation and ER stress: Critical role of autophagy induction. [Abstract]2018 Aug:154:278-292. PMID: 29802827
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2018 Aug:154:278-292. [Abstract]
TUDCA treatment inhibits the secretion of active IL-1β into cell culture media by Acetaminophen (APAP).
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Life Sci
Molecular docking- and reporter-based screening identify dicoumarol against ER stress-induced liver injury in mice through inhibiting IRE1α activity. [Abstract]2025 May 15:369:123526. PMID: 40049366 -
J Inflamm
Soluble epoxide hydrolase deficiency attenuates airway inflammation in COPD via IRE1α/JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2023 Nov 1;20(1):36. PMID: 37915073 -
Nutrients
FXR, a Key Regulator of Lipid Metabolism, Is Inhibited by ER Stress-Mediated Activation of JNK and p38 MAPK in Large Yellow Croakers (Larimichthys crocea) Fed High Fat Diets. [Abstract]2021 Dec 1;13(12):4343. PMID: 34959897 -
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Respir Res
Dehydrocorydaline attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting fibroblast activation. [Abstract]2025 Apr 12;26(1):136. PMID: 40221718 -
Cell Biol Toxicol
Andrographolide ameliorates sepsis-induced acute liver injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress through the FKBP1A-mediated NOTCH1/AK2 pathway. [Abstract]2025 Mar 7;41(1):56. PMID: 40053226 -
Nutr Diabetes
Palmitic acid promotes miRNA release from adipocyte exosomes by activating NF-κB/ER stress. [Abstract]2024 Sep 13;14(1):75. PMID: 39271650 -
Cell Biol Toxicol
ARRB1 downregulates acetaminophen-induced hepatoxicity through binding to p-eIF2α to inhibit ER stress signaling. [Abstract]2024 Jan 22;40(1):1. PMID: 38252352 -
Cell Biol Toxicol
Shikonin inhibits neuronal apoptosis via regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in the rat model of double-level chronic cervical cord compression. [Abstract]2023 Jun;39(3):907-928. PMID: 35028790 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid modulates neuroinflammation via STING/NF-κB inhibition after traumatic brain injury. [Abstract]2025 Sep 6:165:115471. PMID: 40915187 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Elevating VAPB-PTPIP51 integration repairs damaged mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and inhibits lung fibroblasts activation. [Abstract]2025 Feb 6:147:113982. PMID: 39755114 -
Int J Mol Sci
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in THP-1 Macrophages Infected with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin. [Abstract]2023 Jul 20;24(14):11692. PMID: 37511451 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Inhibition of ER stress by targeting the IRE1α-TXNDC5 pathway alleviates crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. [Abstract]2021 Jun:95:107519. PMID: 33691254 -
Front Pharmacol
Suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent autophagy enhances cynaropicrin-induced apoptosis via attenuation of the P62/Keap1/Nrf2 pathways in neuroblastoma. [Abstract]2022 Sep 16;13:977622. PMID: 36188599 -
Front Pharmacol
Extracellular HSP90α Interacts With ER Stress to Promote Fibroblasts Activation Through PI3K/AKT Pathway in Pulmonary Fibrosis. [Abstract]2021 Aug 23;12:708462. PMID: 34497513 -
Front Cell Dev Biol
Rescue of HSP70 in Spinal Neurons Alleviates Opioids-Induced Hyperalgesia via the Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Rodents. [Abstract]2020 May 12:8:269. PMID: 32500072 -
Bioorg Chem
A novel ERα-targeted hydrophobic tag degrader, overcomes tamoxifen resistance via unfolded protein response-induced apoptosis and homologous recombination repair inhibition in breast cancer. [Abstract]2026 Jun 18:180:110129. PMID: 42348942 -
Am J Pathol
Sleep Deprivation Impairs Intestinal Mucosal Barrier by Activating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Goblet Cells. [Abstract]2024 Jan;194(1):85-100. PMID: 37918798 -
Sci Rep
2017 Aug 30;7(1):9967. PMID: 28855630 -
Cancers (Basel)
Globular Adiponectin Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Growth through Modulation of Inflammasome Activation: Critical Role of Sestrin2 and AMPK Signaling. [Abstract]2020 Mar 6;12(3):613. PMID: 32155890 -
Cell Signal
The Limb-bud and Heart (LBH) promotes renal fibrosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pyroptosis and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells. [Abstract]2026 May:141:112359. PMID: 41520745 -
Cell Signal
Inhibition of ERO1L induces autophagy and apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]2025 Mar:127:111560. PMID: 39657838 -
J Cell Mol Med
Hoxa5 alleviates obesity-induced chronic inflammation by reducing ER stress and promoting M2 macrophage polarization in mouse adipose tissue. [Abstract]2019 Oct;23(10):7029-7042. PMID: 31441588 -
Brain Res Bull
Methamphetamine induces GSDME-dependent cell death in hippocampal neuronal cells through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. [Abstract]2020 Sep:162:73-83. PMID: 32544512 -
FASEB J
Loss of ARNTL Enhances ER Stress and Apoptosis in CKD Through Disruption of NRF2 Signaling. [Abstract]2025 Jun 15;39(11):e70715. PMID: 40489010 -
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CD44 Deficiency Induces Combinatory NRF2 Inhibition and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Dyserythropoiesis. [Abstract]2025 Jun 15;39(11):e70695. PMID: 40488748 -
Chem Res Toxicol
In Utero Perfluorodecanoic Acid Exposure Causes Fetal Leydig Cell Dysfunction via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Lipid Composition Alteration. [Abstract]2025 Feb 17;38(2):314-324. PMID: 39814558 -
J Trace Elem Med Biol
Effects of tauroursodeoxycholate on arsenic-induced hepatic injury in mice: A comparative transcriptomic analysis. [Abstract]2024 Dec:86:127512. PMID: 39232337 -
Cell Stress Chaperones
Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in apoptosis induced by HK2 inhibitor and its potential as a new drug combination strategy. [Abstract]2022 May;27(3):273-283. PMID: 35355227 -
Virol J
2025 Nov 17;22(1):378. PMID: 41250234 -
Microb Pathog
BEZ235 inhibits Cryptosporidium parvum infection in mice by targeting the PI3K-NF-κB-c-MYB/BCL2A1 axis to restore host cell apoptosis. [Abstract]2026 Jul:216:108505. PMID: 41991009 -
Nutr Metab
Oleic acid ameliorates palmitic acid induced hepatocellular lipotoxicity by inhibition of ER stress and pyroptosis. [Abstract]2020 Jan 30;17:11. PMID: 32021639 -
Cytokine
Triptolide impacts CSF1R expression and reprograms the suppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells via targeting the ER stress pathway. [Abstract]2026 Jan:197:157068. PMID: 41197245 -
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Cytokine
ER stress contributes to autophagy induction by adiponectin in macrophages: Implication in cell survival and suppression of inflammatory response. [Abstract]2020 Mar:127:154959. PMID: 31877413 -
Appl Biochem Biotechnol
Zoledronic Acid Accelerates ER Stress-Mediated Inflammation by Increasing PDE4B Expression in Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. [Abstract]2024 Oct;196(10):7362-7374. PMID: 38523176 -
Cancer Med
β-asarone inhibits the migration, invasion, and EMT of bladder cancer through activating ER stress. [Abstract]2023 Jun;12(12):13610-13622. PMID: 37306628 -
J Pharm Biomed Anal
Integrating 16S rDNA sequencing analysis and targeted metabolomics to explore the mechanism of Xiexin Tang in treating atherosclerosis mice induced by high-fat diet. [Abstract]2025 Jul 15:259:116760. PMID: 40014894 -
Animals (Basel)
Free Fatty Acids Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis of Macrophages in Dairy Cows with Ketosis. [Abstract]2026 Apr 1;16(7):1070. PMID: 41976049 -
Food Chem Toxicol
Mechanisms of aristolochic acid I Hepatotoxicity: Central role of PDK4-Induced mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatic inflammation. [Abstract]2025 Sep:203:115592. PMID: 40480416 -
Food Chem Toxicol
2018 Oct:120:253-260. PMID: 30009888 -
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
OBHSA, a novel selective estrogen receptor degrader, overcomes tamoxifen resistance through cell cycle arrest and unfolded protein response-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer. [Abstract]2024 Nov:244:106599. PMID: 39147211 -
BMC Mol Cell Biol
RPL11 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell autophagy. [Abstract]2023 Mar 3;24(1):7. PMID: 36869281
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: BMC Mol Cell Biol. 2023 Mar 3;24(1):7. [Abstract]
Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA; 2 mM) not only suppresses the expression of RPL11-induced ERS-related proteins but also markedly mitigates the expression of LC3-II and BECN1 and increases the expression of p62 in RPL11-overexpressing NSCLC cells.
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Vet Microbiol
The PERK-eIF2α branch activates the NLRP3 inflammasome through the NF-κB signaling pathway to suppress NDV replication. [Abstract]2026 May:316:110968. PMID: 41793984 -
PLoS One
Development of a cell-free screening assay for the identification of direct PERK activators. [Abstract]2023 May 18;18(5):e0283943. PMID: 37200357 -
Infect Genet Evol
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Pharmacology
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depression Like Behavior in Mice via the Inhibition of Neuroinflammation and Oxido-Nitrosative Stress. [Abstract]2019;103(1-2):93-100. PMID: 30517939 -
FEBS Open Bio
T-type calcium channel blockade induces apoptosis in C2C12 myotubes and skeletal muscle via endoplasmic reticulum stress activation. [Abstract]2020 Oct;10(10):2122-2136. PMID: 32865339 -
Fundam Clin Pharmacol
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid produces antidepressant-like effects in a chronic unpredictable stress model of depression via attenuation of neuroinflammation, oxido-nitrosative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Abstract]2018 Aug;32(4):363-377. PMID: 29578616
Tauroursodeoxycholate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Aug;32(4):363-377. [Abstract]
Effect of TUDCA and Fluoxetine on chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced increase in Iba-1 protein expression in mice hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Sirt1-eIF2α axis drives pro-inflammatory macrophage activation through ER stress aggravating liver IRI in aged mice. [Abstract]2026 Apr 30:811:153436. PMID: 41775225 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Mitigation of ROS-triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating Nrf2 retards diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]2024 Aug 20:721:149972. PMID: 38772213 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Sirtuin 6 ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice. [Abstract]2021 Mar 12:544:44-51. PMID: 33516881 -
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
TUDCA inhibits EV71 replication by regulating ER stress signaling pathway and suppressing autophagy. [Abstract]2024 Aug 22;110(4):116500. PMID: 39213902 -
J Int Med Res
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation through endoplasmic reticulum stress in septic liver injury. [Abstract]2023 May;51(5):3000605231173272. PMID: 37190764 -
Int Heart J
Nebivolol Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. [Abstract]2023 Mar 31;64(2):283-293. PMID: 36927931 -
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Sci Total Environ
2024 Oct 15:947:174536. PMID: 38977086 -
Sci Total Environ
Crystalline silica-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes the pathogenesis of silicosis by augmenting proinflammatory interstitial pulmonary macrophages. [Abstract]2024 Oct 10:946:174299. PMID: 38936737 -
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Biomed Pharmacother
Endoplasmic reticulum stress-triggered ferroptosis via the XBP1-Hrd1-Nrf2 pathway induces EMT progression in diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]2023 Aug:164:114897. PMID: 37224754 -
Oxid Med Cell Longev
lncRNA ZFAS1 Positively Facilitates Endothelial Ferroptosis via miR-7-5p/ACSL4 Axis in Diabetic Retinopathy. [Abstract]2022 Aug 31;2022:9004738. PMID: 36092160 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) disparate pharmacological effects to lung tissue-resident memory T cells contribute to alleviated silicosis. [Abstract]2022 May 24;151:113173. PMID: 35623165 -
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Biomed Pharmacother
Inhibition of CACNA1H attenuates doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity by affecting endoplasmic reticulum stress. [Abstract]2019 Dec:120:109475. PMID: 31580970
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (100.06 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 25 mg/mL (50.03 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 12.5 mg/mL (25.02 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Kim SY, et al. Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA) inhibits neointimal hyperplasia by suppression of ERK viaPKCα-mediated MKP-1 induction. Cardiovasc Res. 2011 Nov 1;92(2):307-16. [Content Brief]
[2]. Qin Y, et al. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Attenuates Angiotensin II Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2017 Mar;53(3):337-345. [Content Brief]
[3]. Qin Y, et al. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Attenuates Angiotensin II Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2017 Mar;53(3):337-345. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 2.0012 mL | 10.0060 mL | 20.0120 mL | 50.0300 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4002 mL | 2.0012 mL | 4.0024 mL | 10.0060 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2001 mL | 1.0006 mL | 2.0012 mL | 5.0030 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1334 mL | 0.6671 mL | 1.3341 mL | 3.3353 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1001 mL | 0.5003 mL | 1.0006 mL | 2.5015 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0800 mL | 0.4002 mL | 0.8005 mL | 2.0012 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0667 mL | 0.3335 mL | 0.6671 mL | 1.6677 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0500 mL | 0.2502 mL | 0.5003 mL | 1.2508 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0400 mL | 0.2001 mL | 0.4002 mL | 1.0006 mL | |
| DMSO | 60 mM | 0.0334 mL | 0.1668 mL | 0.3335 mL | 0.8338 mL |
| 80 mM | 0.0250 mL | 0.1251 mL | 0.2502 mL | 0.6254 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0200 mL | 0.1001 mL | 0.2001 mL | 0.5003 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.