Cat. No.: HY-N0525

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Ethyl gallate

2 Cited Publications

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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Ethyl gallate is a nonflavonoid phenolic compound and also a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.95%
CAS No.: 831-61-8
Formula: C₉H₁₀O₅
Molecular Weight:198.17

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Ethyl gallate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 831-61-8

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Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (2)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Ethyl gallate is a nonflavonoid phenolic compound and also a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide.

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	23 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation	[PMID: 25617695]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 to 5 days by microscopy based syncytium cell formation assay Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 to 5 days by microscopy based syncytium cell formation assay	[PMID: 25617695]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 2	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 to 5 days by microscopy based syncytium cell formation assay Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 to 5 days by microscopy based syncytium cell formation assay	[PMID: 25617695]
Erythrocyte	IC₅₀	1 mM Compound: 20	Anticomplement activity in sheep erythrocytes assessed as concentration required for 50% hemolytic inhibition by classic pathway pretreated for 10 mins with guinea pig serum followed by erythrocyte addition measured after 30 mins by spectrophotometeric me Anticomplement activity in sheep erythrocytes assessed as concentration required for 50% hemolytic inhibition by classic pathway pretreated for 10 mins with guinea pig serum followed by erythrocyte addition measured after 30 mins by spectrophotometeric me	[PMID: 29631958]
Erythrocyte	IC₅₀	1.24 mM Compound: 20	Anticomplement activity in rabbit erythrocytes assessed as concentration required for 50% hemolytic inhibition by alternative pathway pretreated for 10 mins with normal human serum followed by erythrocyte addition measured after 30 mins by spectrophotomet Anticomplement activity in rabbit erythrocytes assessed as concentration required for 50% hemolytic inhibition by alternative pathway pretreated for 10 mins with normal human serum followed by erythrocyte addition measured after 30 mins by spectrophotomet	[PMID: 29631958]
HL-60	IC₅₀	42 μM Compound: 6a	Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells after 3 days Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells after 3 days	[PMID: 18693020]
Huh-5-2	CC₅₀	45 μM Compound: 2	Cytotoxicity against human Huh5-2 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human Huh5-2 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 25617695]
MCF7	IC₅₀	62.5 μM Compound: Ethyl gallate	Cytotoxicity against human ER-positive MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in cell proliferation at 12.5 to 100 uM incubated for 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human ER-positive MCF7 cells assessed as decrease in cell proliferation at 12.5 to 100 uM incubated for 24 hrs	[PMID: 33711444]

In Vitro

Ethyl gallate is a nonflavonoid phenolic compound and also a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide. After treatment for 24 h or 48 h with Ethyl gallate, HL-60 cells show changes in morphology, including shrinkage of the cell membrane and the development of apoptotic bodies. Consistent with these effects, the viability of Ethyl gallate-treated cells decreases in a time- and dose-dependent manner, demonstrating that Ethyl gallate has a cytotoxic effect on HL-60 cells. Ethyl gallate treatment increases the proportion of cells in subG1 phase in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of cells for 24 h or 48 h with 50 μM or 75 μM Ethyl gallate increases the percentage of cells in the subG1 phase from a baseline of 2.9% to 26.5% or 52.6%, respectively. It is found that Ethyl gallate treatment of HL-60 cells decreases the expression of Bcl-2 at 75 μM Ethyl gallate, and increases Bax and truncated Bid (tBid) expression at 24 h^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

No significant difference in the serum total protein, albumin, globulin and glucose is found between the rats fed with A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract on ethyl gallate equivalent basis and those fed with Ethyl gallate alone. Significant differences in total bilirubin level, however, exist between the rats that receive A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract, 500 mg/kg body weight (ethyl gallate equivalent of 10 mg/kg, 0.34±0.01 mg/dL) and those receiving 10 mg/kg body weight of Ethyl gallate (0.26±0.01 mg/dL). Significant difference is found for ALT between groups fed with 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract (26.52±1.23 and 30.05±1.38 U/L) and 10 and 20 mg/kg of Ethyl gallate (20.50±0.94 and 24.67±1.13 U/L)^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 831-61-8
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 198.17
Formula C₉H₁₀O₅
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O=C(OCC)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1
Structure Classification
- Phenols
- Polyphenols
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (2)

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ACS Nano

High-Throughput Screening Strategy and Metal-Organic Framework-Based Multifunctional Controlled-Release Nanomaterial for Osteoarthritis Therapy. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 4;19(4):4802-4819. PMID: 39829021
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

The benzoate plant metabolite ethyl gallate prevents cellular- and vascular-lipid accumulation in experimental models of atherosclerosis. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 4:556:65-71. PMID: 33839416

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (504.62 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

5.0462 mL

25.2309 mL

50.4617 mL

5 mM

1.0092 mL

5.0462 mL

10.0923 mL

10 mM

0.5046 mL

2.5231 mL

5.0462 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.62 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.62 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.62 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Kinase Assay^[1]

The expression of apoptosis-related proteins (caspases-8, -9, -3; AIF; Endo G; Bid; Bax; and Bcl-2) in HL-60 cells is determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of lysates followed by western blotting. For this, HL-60 cells (1.5×10⁶) are treated with 50 μM or 75 μM Ethyl gallate for 6 h, 12 h, or 24 h. Total cell lysates are obtained by resuspending cells in ice-cold radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer for 30 min followed by centrifugation. Protein concentration is determined using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer. Aliquots of lysates (100 μg protein equivalents) are resolved by 12% SDS-PAGE and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Assay^[1]

HL-60 cells (1×10⁶) are treated with 50 μM or 75 μM Ethyl gallate for 24 h or 48 h at 37°C. Cells are then harvested by centrifugation and fixed in 70% ethanol at 4°C for 24 h. Fixed cells are resuspended in PBS containing 40 μg/mL Propidium iodide (PI), 100 μg/mL RNase A, and 0.1% Triton X-100 and incubated in the dark for 30 min at room temperature. Cell cycle distribution is analyzed by flow cytometry on a FACSCalibur. To investigate apoptotic cells, HL-60 cells (1×10⁶) incubated with different concentration of 50 μM, 75 μM and 100 μM Ethyl gallate for 24 h or 48 h at 37°C, and then DAPI staining is conducted. The cells are photographed using a fluorescence microscopy^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[2]

Forty eight female albino Wistar rats of six to eight weeks old are used and divided into eight groups based on their body weights. Group 1 rats serve as control receiving 1.0 mL of the vehicle (0.1% ethanol); Group 2 rats receive A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract (250 mg/kg body weight); Group 3 rats receive A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract (500 mg/kg body weight); Group 4 rats receive A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract (1000 mg/kg body weight); Group 5 rats receive A. nilotica (L.) leaf extract (2000 mg/kg body weight); Group 6 rats receive Ethyl gallate (5 mg/kg body weight); Group 7 rats receive Ethyl gallate (10 mg/kg body weight); Group 8 rats receive Ethyl gallate (20 mg/kg body weight). Body weights are recorded on 0^th and 14^th day for each group and all rats are decapitated after an overnight fast^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Kim WH, et al. Ethyl gallate induces apoptosis of HL-60 cells by promoting the expression of caspases-8, -9, -3, apoptosis-inducing factor and endonuclease G. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(9):11912-22. [Content Brief]

[2]. Mohan S, et al. In vitro protection of biological macromolecules against oxidative stress and in vivo toxicity evaluation of Acacia nilotica (L.) and ethyl gallate in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jul 21;14:257. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	5.0462 mL	25.2309 mL	50.4617 mL	126.1543 mL
	5 mM	1.0092 mL	5.0462 mL	10.0923 mL	25.2309 mL
	10 mM	0.5046 mL	2.5231 mL	5.0462 mL	12.6154 mL
	15 mM	0.3364 mL	1.6821 mL	3.3641 mL	8.4103 mL
	20 mM	0.2523 mL	1.2615 mL	2.5231 mL	6.3077 mL
	25 mM	0.2018 mL	1.0092 mL	2.0185 mL	5.0462 mL
	30 mM	0.1682 mL	0.8410 mL	1.6821 mL	4.2051 mL
	40 mM	0.1262 mL	0.6308 mL	1.2615 mL	3.1539 mL
	50 mM	0.1009 mL	0.5046 mL	1.0092 mL	2.5231 mL
	60 mM	0.0841 mL	0.4205 mL	0.8410 mL	2.1026 mL
	80 mM	0.0631 mL	0.3154 mL	0.6308 mL	1.5769 mL
	100 mM	0.0505 mL	0.2523 mL	0.5046 mL	1.2615 mL

Keywords

Ethyl gallate

2 Cited Publications

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Ethyl gallate

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ethyl gallate

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (2)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Ethyl gallate Related Classifications

HY-N0525 Related Classifications