2. Autophagy GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling
  3. Autophagy G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase (GRK) Serotonin Transporter
  4. Paroxetine hydrochloride

Paroxetine hydrochloride  (Synonyms: BRL29060 hydrochloride; BRL29060A)

Cat. No.: HY-B0492 Purity: 99.98%
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Paroxetine hydrochloride is a potent selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, commonly prescribed as an GRK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 14 μM. Paroxetine hydrochloride can be used for the research of depressive disorder.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 78246-49-8

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
25 mg In-stock
50 mg In-stock
100 mg In-stock
500 mg In-stock
1 g   Get quote  
5 g   Get quote  

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Customer Review

Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Paroxetine hydrochloride:

Paroxetine hydrochloride Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537.  [Abstract]

    IC50 of Paroxetine hydrochloride (1-12.5 μM) in the indicated cell lines.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537.  [Abstract]

    Colony formation assays in the indicated cells treated with DMSO or gradient doses of Paroxetine hydrochloride (0.5-7.5 μM).

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537.  [Abstract]

    A375 xenografts were established and treated with vehicle or Paroxetine hydrochloride (25 mg/kg daily intraperitoneally [i.p.]) for 14 days. Tumors in each group were individually recorded every 2 days. n = 8 tumors per group.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537.  [Abstract]

    5-HT levels in A375 cells treated with DMSO or the indicated Paroxetine hydrochloride treatment for 24 h.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537.  [Abstract]

    A375DTR xenografts were established and treated with vehicle or PH (25 mg/kg daily i.p. injection) for 15 days. The tumors in each group were individually recorded every 3 days. n = 8 tumors per group.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Jan 27;20:1-16.

    CCK-8 assay was performed with different concentrations of Paroxetine (0.0625-10 μM) in BMMs for 1 day and 3 days.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Jan 27;20:1-16.

    Assessment of mRNA expression levels of osteoclastogenesis-associated marker genes after administration with Paroxetine (0.0625-2.5 μM) by RT-qPCR, including NFATc1, c-fos, RANK, TRAP, Cathepsin K, and MMP9. he results showed that Paroxetine inhibited the expression of NFATc1, c-fos, RANK, TRAP, Cathepsin K, and MMP9 genes in a concentration-dependent manner.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Jan 27;20:1-16.

    Assessment of protein expression levels of NFATc1, c-fos, Cathepsin K and MMP9 after administration with Paroxetine (0.0625-2.5 μM; pretreatment 2 h before stimulation+ 3 d after stimulation) by Western blot. The results demonstrated that, following RANKL stimulation, the protein expression levels of NFATc1, c-fos, CTSK, and MMP9 significantly increased. However, Paroxetine reduced the expression levels of these proteins in osteoclasts in a concentration-dependent manner.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Jan 27;20:1-16.

    Representative fluorescence images of P65 nuclear translocation following RANKL stimulation without or with Paroxetine (PA) (pretreatment 6 h). The results showed that RANKL stimulation led to a significant increase in the mean nuclear fluorescence intensity of p65, whereas Paroxetine treatment attenuated this effect.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Jan 27;20:1-16.

    Histopathology photographs of femoral samples after HE-stained sections. The results revealed that the trabecular bone in the distal femoral region of mice in the LPS group became sparse and thin. In contrast, Paroxetine (PA, 20 mg/kg; i.p.; once daily for 10 days) effectively alleviated bone loss, as evidenced by the intact and well-ordered arrangement of trabeculae in mice of this group.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2026 Jan 27;20:1-16.

    Representative TRAP staining images of RANKL-induced osteoclasts treated with Paroxetine (2.5 μM) on specified days. The results showed that the addition of Paroxetine during the early stage of differentiation (days 1-3) significantly inhibited osteoclast formation. In contrast, when bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were exposed to Paroxetine from days 3-5 or days 5-7, the number of osteoclasts was also reduced, but the inhibitory effect was less pronounced compared to the early-stage (days 1–3) exposure.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: NPJ Digit Med. 2025 Nov 17;8(1):663.  [Abstract]

    Heat map display of cell viabilities of A549 (Left) and H1299 (Right) cells after incubation with different concentrations of anti-ED compounds (Paroxetine (10–200 μg/mL), et al.) for 48 h. The results showed that paroxetine did not significantly promote tumor cell proliferation; instead, it exerted a mild inhibitory effect on cell growth at higher concentrations.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2025 Apr 2;44(4):115489.  [Abstract]

    Paroxetine (5 mg/kg; i.p.; once daily for 2–3 weeks) alleviated pain and depression-like symptoms in mice subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS).

    Paroxetine hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Brain Res. 2019 Oct 1:1720:146296.  [Abstract]

    Protein levels of IFNα and IRF2(B) are detected in HA1800 Cells at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after paroxetine (10μM) treatment by RT-qPCR and western blot respectively.

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Paroxetine hydrochloride is a potent selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, commonly prescribed as an GRK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 14 μM. Paroxetine hydrochloride can be used for the research of depressive disorder[1][2][3].

    IC50 & Target

    GRK2

     

    In Vitro

    Paroxetine (1 μM and 10 μM) distinctly restrains T cell migration induced by CX3CL1 through inhibiting GRK2. Paroxetine inhibits GRK2 induced activation of ERK[1]. Paroxetine (10 μM) reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Paroxetine (0-5 μM) leads to a dose-dependent inhibition on LPS-induced production of TNF-α and IL-1β in BV2 cells. Paroxetine also inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in BV2 cells. Paroxetine (5 μM) blocks LPS-induced JNK activation and attenuates baseline ERK1/2 activity in BV2 cells. Paroxetine relieves microglia-mediated neurotoxicity, and suppresses LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO in primary microglial cells[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Paroxetine hydrochloride Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Paroxetine treatment obviously attenuates the symptoms of CIA rats. Paroxetine treatment clearly prevents the histological damage of joints and alleviates T cells infiltration into synovial tissue. Paroxetine hydrochloride reveals a strong effect on inhibiting CX3CL1 production in synovial tissues[1]. Paroxetine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg/day) reduces the myocyte cross-sectional area in rat and ROS formation in the remote myocardium. Paroxetine reduces the susceptibility to ventricular tachycardia. Paroxetine treatment following MI decreases LV remodeling and susceptibility to arrhythmias, probably by reducing ROS formation[2]. In CCI paroxetine-treated group, paroxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) produces hyperalgesia at days 7 and 10 (P<0.01), but a decrease in pain behavior is seen at day 14. Moreover, paroxetine (10 mg/kg) significantly attenuates tactile hypersensitivity when compared to CCI vehicle-treated group[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    365.83

    Formula

    C19H21ClFNO3
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    FC1=CC=C([C@H]2[C@H](COC3=CC=C(OCO4)C4=C3)CNCC2)C=C1.Cl
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (273.35 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : 5 mg/mL (13.67 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.7335 mL 13.6676 mL 27.3351 mL
    5 mM 0.5467 mL 2.7335 mL 5.4670 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.83 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.83 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 2.03 mg/mL (5.55 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.98%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (252 KB) HNMR (141 KB) RP-HPLC (238 KB) MS (68 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Cell Assay
    [4]

    Cell viability is determined by the tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. BV2 and primary microglial cells are initially seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 1×104 cells/well and 5×104 cells/well, respectively. Following treatment, MTT (5 mg/mL in PBS) is added to each well and incubated at 37°C for four hours. The resulting formazan crystals are dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The optical density is measured at 570 nm, and results are expressed as a percentage of surviving cells compared with the control.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [5]

    Animals are divided into two main groups: 1) pre-emptive and 2) post-injury group. Each main group is divided into three different subgroups: I) CCI vehicle-treated group, II) sham group, and III) CCI paroxetine-treated group. Vehicle is injected i.p. to CCI and sham-operated animals. In the pre-emptive study, paroxetine (10 mg/kg) is injected 1 h before surgery and continued daily until day 14 post surgery. In the post-injury group, paroxetine (10 mg/kg) is administered at day 7 post injury and continued daily until day 14. All behavioral tests are recorded on day 0 (control day) before surgery and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 post-nerve injury.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 2.7335 mL 13.6676 mL 27.3351 mL 68.3378 mL
    5 mM 0.5467 mL 2.7335 mL 5.4670 mL 13.6676 mL
    10 mM 0.2734 mL 1.3668 mL 2.7335 mL 6.8338 mL
    DMSO 15 mM 0.1822 mL 0.9112 mL 1.8223 mL 4.5559 mL
    20 mM 0.1367 mL 0.6834 mL 1.3668 mL 3.4169 mL
    25 mM 0.1093 mL 0.5467 mL 1.0934 mL 2.7335 mL
    30 mM 0.0911 mL 0.4556 mL 0.9112 mL 2.2779 mL
    40 mM 0.0683 mL 0.3417 mL 0.6834 mL 1.7084 mL
    50 mM 0.0547 mL 0.2734 mL 0.5467 mL 1.3668 mL
    60 mM 0.0456 mL 0.2278 mL 0.4556 mL 1.1390 mL
    80 mM 0.0342 mL 0.1708 mL 0.3417 mL 0.8542 mL
    100 mM 0.0273 mL 0.1367 mL 0.2734 mL 0.6834 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Paroxetine hydrochloride Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Paroxetine78246-49-8BRL29060 BRL29060ABRL 29060BRL-29060AutophagyG Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase (GRK)Serotonin Transporter5-HTTSERTSLC6A4Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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