Cat. No.: HY-B0492A

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate

Name: Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-B0492A
Price: 117.00 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (11 reviews)

(Synonyms: BRL29060 hydrochloride hemihydrate; BRL29060A hemihydrate)

11 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Paroxetine (BRL29060) hydrochloride hemihydrate is an orally active and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and apoptosis inducer with blood-brain barrier permeability. Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate inhibits nitric oxide synthase and CYP2D6, induces desensitization of 5-HT1A/1B/1D autoreceptors, downregulates 5-HT2 receptors, and promotes the production of inflammatory cytokines. Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate is a weak norepinephrine (NE) uptake inhibitor and possesses antitumor activity. Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate is widely used in research concerning depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, hot flashes, and related conditions.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.96%
CAS No.: 110429-35-1
Formula: C₁₉H₂₂ClFNO_3.5
Molecular Weight:374.84

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 110429-35-1

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (11)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

GRK2

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
BTI-TN-5B1-4	IC₅₀	1.38 μM Compound: Paroxetine	Inhibition of full length C-terminal hexahistidine tagged GRK2 (unknown origin) S670A mutant expressed in High Five cells using Bac to Bac insect cell expression system using tubulin as substrate by SDS-PAGE method Inhibition of full length C-terminal hexahistidine tagged GRK2 (unknown origin) S670A mutant expressed in High Five cells using Bac to Bac insect cell expression system using tubulin as substrate by SDS-PAGE method	[PMID: 27050625]
CHO	IC₅₀	0.56 nM Compound: Paroxetine	Inhibition of human SERT expressed in CHO cell membranes assessed as reduction in [3H]serotonin uptake preincubated for 10 mins followed by [3H]serotonin addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation counting method Inhibition of human SERT expressed in CHO cell membranes assessed as reduction in [3H]serotonin uptake preincubated for 10 mins followed by [3H]serotonin addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation counting method	[PMID: 27865645]
CHO	IC₅₀	3.9 μM Compound: paroxetine	Inhibition of Cav1.2 current measured using QPatch automatic path clamp system in CHO cells expressing Cav1.2, beta-2 and alpha-2/delta-1 subunits Inhibition of Cav1.2 current measured using QPatch automatic path clamp system in CHO cells expressing Cav1.2, beta-2 and alpha-2/delta-1 subunits	[PMID: 23812503]
HEK293	IC₅₀	0.2 nM Compound: paroxetine	Displacement of [125I]RTI-55 from human recombinant SERT expressed in HEK293 cells after 1 hr by scintillation counting analysis Displacement of [125I]RTI-55 from human recombinant SERT expressed in HEK293 cells after 1 hr by scintillation counting analysis	[PMID: 23477943]
U-373MG ATCC	IC₅₀	900 nM Compound: paroxetine	Displacement of [125I]substance P from human recombinant NK1 receptor expressed in human U373 cells after 1 hr by scintillation counting analysis Displacement of [125I]substance P from human recombinant NK1 receptor expressed in human U373 cells after 1 hr by scintillation counting analysis	[PMID: 23477943]

In Vitro

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate potently and selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake in rat brain synaptosomes, with a K_i of 1.1 nmol/L, and shows much weaker activity against norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake^[1].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate has no significant affinity for most tested neurotransmitter receptors in rat brain tissue, only showing weak binding to muscarinic cholinergic receptors with a K_i of 89 nmol/L^[1].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (76 nM) exhibits high affinity for the muscarinic M1 receptor, resulting in greater anticholinergic effects than other SSRIs^[2].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate exhibits estrogenic activity in an in vitro assay that identifies chemicals disrupting aromatase and estrogen balance in humans, which may promote estrogen-sensitive breast tumor growth^[2].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (10-20 μM; 6-24 h) differentially modulates LPS-induced cytokine production in Raw264.7 mouse macrophages, potently inhibiting IL-6 production and enhancing TNFα production at 10 μM and 20 μM concentrations after 6 and 24 hours of incubation^[3].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (10-20 μM; 6-24 h) differentially modulates LPS-induced cytokine production in thioglycollate-elicited primary mouse peritoneal macrophages, potently inhibiting IL-6 production and enhancing TNFα production at 10 μM and 20 μM concentrations after 6 and 24 hours of incubation^[3].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (20 μM; 24 h) inhibits LPS-induced IL-6 production independent of 5-HT2/5-HT7 receptors and enhances LPS-induced TNFα production via 5-HT2/5-HT7 receptors in Raw264.7 mouse macrophages after 24 hours of incubation^[3].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (20 μM) modulates LPS-induced IL-6 and TNFα production in Raw264.7 mouse macrophages independently of GRK2, as its inhibitory effect on IL-6 and enhancing effect on TNFα are retained in GRK2-knockdown cells^[3].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (10-30 μM, 72 h) reduces the viability of MCF-7 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner^[4].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (10-30 μM, 1-12 h) induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7, increasing ROS generation^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

ELISA Assay^[3]

Cell Line:

Raw264.7 mouse macrophages
Concentration:

10 μM; 20 μM
Incubation Time:

6 h; 24 h
Result:

Reduced LPS-induced IL-6 production to ~75% of LPS-only levels at 6 hours with 10 μM.
Reduced LPS-induced IL-6 production to ~50% of LPS-only levels at 6 hours with 20 μM.
Reduced LPS-induced IL-6 production to ~80% of LPS-only levels at 24 hours with 10 μM.
Reduced LPS-induced IL-6 production to ~60% of LPS-only levels at 24 hours with 20 μM.
Increased LPS-induced TNFα production to ~155% of LPS-only levels at 6 hours with 10 μM.
Increased LPS-induced TNFα production to ~195% of LPS-only levels at 6 hours with 20 μM.
Increased LPS-induced TNFα production to ~120% of LPS-only levels at 24 hours with 10 μM.
Increased LPS-induced TNFα production to ~145% of LPS-only levels at 24 hours with 20 μM.

ELISA Assay^[3]

Cell Line:

Raw264.7 mouse macrophages pretreated with 5-HT2/5-HT7 receptor antagonist LY215840
Concentration:

20 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Reduced LPS-induced IL-6 production to ~45% of LPS-only levels.
Increased LPS-induced TNFα production to ~180% of LPS-only levels.
Co-treatment with LY215840 (10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM) further reduced IL-6 levels to below ~20% of LPS-only levels.
Co-treatment with LY215840 (10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM) reversed TNFα enhancement, reducing levels to ~80%, ~40%, and ~40% of LPS-only levels, respectively (for 100 nM and 1 μM LY215840).

In Vivo

Paroxetine (8-32 mg/kg) hydrochloride hemihydrate produces a dose-dependent anti-immobility effect in the mouse forced swim test and also exhibits noradrenergic activity^[1].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate exerts no significant dopaminergic, sedative, or ethanol-potentiating effects in healthy rodent models^[1].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate produces extremely mild cardiovascular effects in healthy cats, rabbits, and dogs compared with tricyclic antidepressants, and exhibits weak quinidine-like activity only at serotonin reuptake-blocking doses^[1].
Combination of Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or serotonin precursors induces serotonin syndrome in rats^[1].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate modulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and prolactin-related endocrine activity in healthy rats^[1].
Acute treatment with Paroxetine (5 mg/kg) hydrochloride hemihydrate increases extracellular serotonin levels in the brain of healthy rats^[1].
Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate antagonizes apomorphine-induced hypothermia in rats, indicating that it exhibits noradrenergic activity at high doses^[1].
Combination treatment with Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (for 3 consecutive weeks) and Pravastatin (HY-B0165) increases the blood glucose level of prediabetic, insulin-resistant mice from 128 mg/dl to 193 mg/dl^[2].
Paroxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p., once a day for 14 days) hydrochloride hemihydrate reduces neurogenic pain in rats both before and after sciatic nerve injury^[5].
Paroxetine (0.3-10 mg/kg, orally, single dose) hydrochloride hemihydrate has anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects in rats, increasing social interaction time^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats^[6]
Dosage:

0.3, 1, 3, 10 mg/kg; single dose
Administration:

p.o.
Result:

Reduced the synthesis rate of serotonin and increased the social time of rats, but had no effect on motor activity. The motor activity of animals taking the drug for a long time was slightly lower than that of animals taking the drug for a short time.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 110429-35-1
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 374.84
Formula C₁₉H₂₂ClFNO_3.5
Color White to off-white
SMILES

FC(C=C1)=CC=C1[C@H](CCNC2)[C@@H]2COC3=CC=C(OCO4)C4=C3.Cl.[0.5H2O]
Synonyms

BRL29060 hydrochloride hemihydrate; BRL29060A hemihydrate
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (11)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayHistological Imaging/StainingWBIn Vivo Efficacy StudyBio/Physico-chemical Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell

BET inhibition blocks inflammation-induced cardiac dysfunction and SARS-CoV-2 infection. [Abstract]

2021 Apr 15;184(8):2167-2182.e22. PMID: 33811809
Autophagy

Lysosomal damage due to cholesterol accumulation triggers immunogenic cell death. [Abstract]

2025 May;21(5):934-956. PMID: 39663580
Cell Rep Med

5-HT reuptake blockade induces pyroptosis in BRAFV600E-mutated melanomas via remodeling histone serotonylation. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537. PMID: 41494533

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537. [Abstract]

IC₅₀ of Paroxetine hydrochloride (1-12.5 μM) in the indicated cell lines.

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537. [Abstract]

Colony formation assays in the indicated cells treated with DMSO or gradient doses of Paroxetine hydrochloride (0.5-7.5 μM).

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537. [Abstract]

A375 xenografts were established and treated with vehicle or Paroxetine hydrochloride (25 mg/kg daily intraperitoneally [i.p.]) for 14 days. Tumors in each group were individually recorded every 2 days. n = 8 tumors per group.

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537. [Abstract]

5-HT levels in A375 cells treated with DMSO or the indicated Paroxetine hydrochloride treatment for 24 h.

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2026 Jan 20;7(1):102537. [Abstract]

A375^DTR xenografts were established and treated with vehicle or PH (25 mg/kg daily i.p. injection) for 15 days. The tumors in each group were individually recorded every 3 days. n = 8 tumors per group.
J Chem Inf Model

Development of Machine Learning Models and the Discovery of a New Antiviral Compound against Yellow Fever Virus. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 23;61(8):3804-3813. PMID: 34286575
Front Pharmacol

N-demethylsinomenine metabolite and its prototype sinomenine activate mast cells via MRGPRX2 and aggravate anaphylaxis. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 31:15:1389761. PMID: 39144634
ACS Omega

Involvement of Integrated Stress Response in Drug-Induced Secondary Dystonia. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 17;10(42):50208-50217. PMID: 41179162
Sci Rep

Paroxetine suppresses 27-hydroxycholesterol-induced responses in THP-1 human monocytic cells by regulating the AKT/mTORC1 pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 21;15(1):36797. PMID: 41120475
Brain Res

Serum miR-221-3p as a new potential biomarker for depressed mood in perioperative patients. [Abstract]

2019 Oct 1:1720:146296. PMID: 31211948

Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Brain Res. 2019 Oct 1:1720:146296. [Abstract]

Protein levels of IFNα and IRF2(B) are detected in HA1800 Cells at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after paroxetine (10μM) treatment by RT-qPCR and western blot respectively.
J Mol Cell Cardiol Plus

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine improves right ventricular systolic function in experimental pulmonary hypertension. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 26:8:100072. PMID: 39802918
University of South Carolina

2025.
Patent

US20250127769A1.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (266.78 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.6678 mL

13.3390 mL

26.6780 mL

5 mM

0.5336 mL

2.6678 mL

5.3356 mL

10 mM

0.2668 mL

1.3339 mL

2.6678 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

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Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (13.34 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (13.34 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (13.34 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (288 KB)
SDS (598 KB)
- English - EN (598 KB)
- Français - FR (598 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (598 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (598 KB)
- Español - ES (598 KB)
- Swedish - SV (598 KB)
- Italian - IT (598 KB)
- Korean - KR (598 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (598 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Wang Q, et al. Paroxetine alleviates T lymphocyte activation and infiltration to joints of collagen-induced arthritis. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 28;7:45364. [Content Brief]

[2]. Liu RP, et al. Paroxetine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation via differential regulation of MAPK signaling. J Neuroinflammation. 2014 Mar 12;11:47. [Content Brief]

[3]. Lassen TR, et al. Effect of paroxetine on left ventricular remodeling in an in vivo rat model of myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol. 2017 May;112(3):26. [Content Brief]

[4]. Waldschmidt HV, et al. Structure-Based Design of Highly Selective and Potent G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Inhibitors Based on Paroxetine. J Med Chem. 2017 Apr 13;60(7):3052-3069. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.6678 mL	13.3390 mL	26.6780 mL	66.6951 mL
	5 mM	0.5336 mL	2.6678 mL	5.3356 mL	13.3390 mL
	10 mM	0.2668 mL	1.3339 mL	2.6678 mL	6.6695 mL
	15 mM	0.1779 mL	0.8893 mL	1.7785 mL	4.4463 mL
	20 mM	0.1334 mL	0.6670 mL	1.3339 mL	3.3348 mL
	25 mM	0.1067 mL	0.5336 mL	1.0671 mL	2.6678 mL
	30 mM	0.0889 mL	0.4446 mL	0.8893 mL	2.2232 mL
	40 mM	0.0667 mL	0.3335 mL	0.6670 mL	1.6674 mL
	50 mM	0.0534 mL	0.2668 mL	0.5336 mL	1.3339 mL
	60 mM	0.0445 mL	0.2223 mL	0.4446 mL	1.1116 mL
	80 mM	0.0333 mL	0.1667 mL	0.3335 mL	0.8337 mL
	100 mM	0.0267 mL	0.1334 mL	0.2668 mL	0.6670 mL

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Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate

11 Cited Publications

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