2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis

Ferroptosis

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Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death. It is distinct from other regulated cell death phenotypes, such as apoptosis and necroptosis. Ferroptosis is characterized by extensive lipid peroxidation, which can be suppressed by iron chelators or lipophilic antioxidants. Mechanistically, Ferroptosis inducers are divided into two classes: (1) inhibitors of cystine import via system xc− (e.g., Erastin), which subsequently causes depletion of glutathione (GSH), and (2) covalent inhibitors (e.g., (1S, 3R)-RSL3) of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Since GPX4 reduces lipid hydroperoxides using GSH as a co-substrate, both compound classes ultimately result in loss of GPX4 activity, followed by elevated levels of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent cell death.

Ferroptosis is an iron- and ROS-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD). Misregulated Ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes, including cancer cell death, neurotoxicity, neurodegenerative diseases, acute renal failure, drug-induced hepatotoxicity, hepatic and heart ischemia/reperfusion injury, and T-cell immunity.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-149719
    Ferroptosis-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    Ferroptosis-IN-4 (compound 6k) is a ferroptosis inhibitor with EC50 value of 20 μM. Ferroptosis-IN-4 has no obvious cytotoxicity. Ferroptosis-IN-4 has a protective effect in glycerol-induced RM-AKI mice with alleviating kidney dysfunction.
    Ferroptosis-IN-4
  • HY-158775
    Ferroptocide
    		Inducer
    Ferroptocide is a cell death inducer that triggers ferroptosis and has anti-tumor activity. Ferroptocide can induce oxidative stress, leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis activation in LNCaP cells, while also effectively inhibiting the cell viability of both LNCaP and TRAMP-C1 cells. Ferroptocide can be used to study its capability to induce mitochondrial autophagy and to trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) in prostate cancer cells.
    Ferroptocide
  • HY-N0415R
    Trigonelline chloride (Standard)
    		Activator
    Trigonelline (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trigonelline (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trigonelline chloride is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline chloride is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline chloride also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity, and induces ferroptosis.
    Trigonelline chloride (Standard)
  • HY-186143
    KY0418
    		Inducer
    KY0418 is a selective GPX4 inhibitor. KY0418 selectively and covalently modifies the selenocysteine residue of GPX4 and inhibits GPX4 activity. KY0418 induces ferroptosis and suppresses cell proliferation. KY0418 can be used for the study of ferroptosis and cancer.
    KY0418
  • HY-162688
    Anticancer agent 239
    		Inducer
    Anticancer agent 239 (Compound 5) is a ligand of hTERT promoter G-quadruplex DNA structures (hTERT G4) (Kd = 1.1 μM), and downregulates hTERT expression. Anticancer agent 239 decreases telomerase activity, shortens telomere length, and induces DNA damage, acute cellular senescence, and apoptosis. Anticancer agent 239 causes mitochondrial dysfunction, disrupts iron metabolism and activates ferroptosis in cancer cells. Anticancer agent 239 inhibits tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model.
    Anticancer agent 239
  • HY-181548
    YL3147
    		Inhibitor
    YL3147 is a ferroptosis inhibitor. YL3147 also acts as a radical-trapping antioxidant that directly prevents the spread of lipid peroxidation and blocks ferroptosis. YL3147 exerts significant cardioprotective effects in mouse cardiomyopathy models. YL3147 can be used in studies related to cardiomyopathy.
    YL3147
  • HY-183312
    Antitumor agent-217
    		Inducer
    Antitumor agent-217 is a dual mitochondria-targeted anticancer agent. Antitumor agent-217 exhibits potent and selective antiproliferative activity against bladder cancer cell line J82 (IC50 = 6.3 μM), and inhibits colony formation and migration of J82 cells. Antitumor agent-217 accumulates in mitochondria, alters mitochondrial morphology, reduces ATP production, increases ROS generation and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential. Antitumor agent-217 induces apoptosis (Apoptosis) and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis) in bladder cancer cells. Antitumor agent-217 can be used for the research of bladder cancer.
    Antitumor agent-217
  • HY-D2620
    CAR-2
    		Inducer
    CAR-2 is a BODIPY-based photosensitizer that induces ferroptosis in photodynamic therapy (PDT) by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets (LDs). CAR-2 exhibits phototoxicity in breast cancer cells with IC50 of 0.01-0.02 μM. CAR-2 exhibits antitumor efficacy in 4T1 xenograft mouse models.
    CAR-2
  • HY-175615A
    RSL3-NH2 hydrochloride
    		Inducer
    RSL3-NH2 hydrochloride is a GPX4 inhibitor and ferroptosis inducer. RSL3-NH2 hydrochloride triggers the iron-dependent cell death pathway associated with lipid peroxidation by inhibiting GPX4 activity. RSL3-NH2 hydrochloride exhibits significant cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells and effectively induces their ferroptosis. RSL3-NH2 hydrochloride can serve as a ADC payload for synthesizing a ADC and be used in colorectal cancer-related research.
    RSL3-NH2 hydrochloride
  • HY-B0450S
    Ciclopirox-d11
    		Inhibitor
    Ciclopirox-d11 is the deuterium labeled Ciclopirox. Ciclopirox (HOE296b) is a synthetic antifungal agent that can be used for superficial mycoses reseaech. Ciclopirox olamine has a very broad spectrum of activity and inhibits dermatophytes, yeasts, molds, and many Gram-positive and Gram-negative species pathogenic.
    Ciclopirox-d<sub>11</sub>
  • HY-179384
    PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1
    		Inducer
    PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 is a highly efficient and selective PROTAC degrader targeting FSP1. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 significantly induces the accumulation of intracellular lipid peroxides. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 exhibits synergistic induction of ferroptosis with GPX4 inhibitors. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 can induce ROS production. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 upregulates the mRNA expression of ferroptosis-related proteins (GPX4, FTH1, ACSL4, TfR1, FSP1). PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 can be used for the study of triple-negative breast cancer.
    PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1
  • HY-161972
    ZX782
    		Inducer
    ZX782 is a HyT GPX4 degrader and a ferroptosis inducer, which induces GPX4 degradation and significantly increases lipid ROS accumulation in HT1080 cells. ZX782 can be used to treat AD by reducing the size and/or number of brain amyloid plaques and by inhibiting the spread of IL-1beta-positive microglial-like cells around amyloid plaques. ZX782 is labeled with hydrophobic benzyl alcohol (HBA) and appears bright blue under acidic conditions, which can be used for quantitative determination. ZX782 is composed of target protein ligand (red part) ML-210 (HY-100003), PROTAC linker (black part) Bromo-PEG2-CH2-Boc (HY-141371) and Hty molecule (blue part) Adamantan-1-ylmethanamine (HY-W037848). The conjugate consisting of Hyt and linker parts is Adamantan-C-amide-PEG2-C-Br (HY-161974), and the activity control of the target protein ligand is Hydroxyl-ML-210 (HY-161973).
    ZX782
  • HY-100887R
    Piperazine Erastin (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Piperazine Erastin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Piperazine Erastin (HY-100887). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Piperazine erastin is an analog of erastin which induces an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, termed ferroptosis. Piperazine erastin can be used in cancer research.
    Piperazine Erastin (Standard)
  • HY-W020044S
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol-13C3
    		Inhibitor
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol-13C3 is the 13C-labeled DL-alpha-Tocopherol. DL-alpha-Tocopherol is a synthetic vitamin E, with antioxidation effect. DL-alpha-Tocopherol protects human skin fibroblasts against the cytotoxic effect of UVB.
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W009203R
    L-Cystine dihydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    L-Cystine (dihydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Cystine (dihydrochloride) (HY-W009203). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Cystine dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt form of L-Cystine (HY-N0394). L-Cystine dihydrochloride elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine dihydrochloride reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine dihydrochloride combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine dihydrochloride is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones
    L-Cystine dihydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-100218AR
    RSL3 (Standard)
    		Activator
    RSL3 (Standard) is the analytical standard of RSL3 (HY-100218A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. RSL3 ((1S,3R)-RSL3) is an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (ferroptosis activator), reduces the expression of GPX4 protein, and induces ferroptotic death of head and neck cancer cell. RSL3 increases the expression of p62 and Nrf2 and inactivates Keap1 in HN3-rslR cells.
    RSL3 (Standard)
  • HY-113402AR
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (Standard)
  • HY-106376R
    DL-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (Standard)
    		Activator
    DL-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine is a potent inhibitor of glutamylcysteine synthetase biosynthesis.
    DL-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (Standard)
  • HY-N0001S2
    (-)-Epicatechin-13C3
    		Activator
    (-)-Epicatechin-13C3 ((-)-Epicatechol-13C3) is 13C labeled (-)-Epicatechin. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.
    (-)-Epicatechin-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-17355BS
    Dexpramipexole-d3 dihydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Dexpramipexole-d3 ((R)-Pramipexole-d3) dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Dexpramipexole. Dexpramipexole ((R)-Pramipexole) dihydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable mitochondrial protective agent. Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride upregulates the expression of Parkin, PINK1, GPX4 and FSP1; binds to mitochondrial F1/Fo-ATP synthase; blocks the Nav1.8 sodium channel; and inhibits the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride induces mitophagy, inhibits ferroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, neuroinflammation and eosinophilopoiesis; maintains mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis; reduces reactive oxygen species production; and decreases myocardial infarct size. Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride is applicable to studies on eosinophilic asthma, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, analgesia, and more.
    Dexpramipexole-d<sub>3</sub> dihydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
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