2. Signalwege
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Art. -Nr. Produktname Wirkung Reinheit Chemical Structure
  • HY-W713126
    Indole-d4
    Indole-d4 is the deuterium labeled Indole (HY-W001132). Indole is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound which widely distributed in the natural environment and can be produced by a variety of bacteria. Indole regulates various aspects of bacterial physiology, including spore formation, plasmid stability, resistance to drugs, biofilm formation, and virulence as an intercellular signal molecule.
    Indole-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-Y0624R
    4-Pentenoic acid (Standard)
    4-Pentenoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Pentenoic acid (HY-Y0624). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Pentenoic acid is a medium-chain unsaturated fatty acid. 4-Pentenoic acid has hypoglycemic and fatty acid oxidation inhibitory activities. 4-Pentenoic acid can affect blood glucose metabolism and energy metabolism through mechanisms such as inhibiting long-chain fatty acid oxidation, reducing gluconeogenesis, and promoting glucose utilization.
    4-Pentenoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-17463S
    Prednisolone-d8
    Prednisolone-d8 is the deuterium labeled Prednisolone. Prednisolone is a potent, orally active corticosteroid and a glucocorticoid. Prednisolone possesses about four times the anti-inflammatory activity of hydrocortisone while causing less salt and water retention. Prednisolone can be used for ocular, anti-inflammatory research.
    Prednisolone-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-P3964
    TRH Precursor Peptide
    TRH Precursor Peptide is a precursor peptide of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH Precursor Peptide formation of TRH in rat brain and pituitary is zinc-dependent.
    TRH Precursor Peptide
  • HY-P10616
    Salusin-α
    Salusin-α is an endogenous bioactive peptide with hemodynamic and cell proliferation activities. Salusin-α can stimulate the proliferation of quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and fibroblasts, leading to a rapid and significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, but its effect is weaker than that of Salusin-β (HY-P10617). Salusin-α has potential application value in cardiovascular disease research.
    Salusin-α
  • HY-W589560
    TMA-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    TMA-IN-1 (Compound 7) is a highly potent, orally active and selective TMA Lyase inhibitor with an estimated Kd value of 3.2 μM. TMA-IN-1 reduces Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) levels. TMA-IN-1 can be used for the research of heart failure.
    TMA-IN-1
  • HY-10002S2
    Calcitriol-d9
    Calcitriol-d9 (1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-d9) is the deuterium labeled Calcitriol (HY-10002). Calcitriol is the most active metabolite of vitamin D and also a vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonist.
    Calcitriol-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-113113
    13,14-Dihydro PGE1
    13,14-Dihydro PGE1 is a metabolite of PGE1 (Prostaglandin E1) which inhibits the ADP-induced platelet aggregation (ID50 = 10.8 ng/mL platelet rich plasma).
    13,14-Dihydro PGE1
  • HY-W040240R
    L-(-)-Sorbose (Standard)
    (3S,4R,5S)-1,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexan-2-one (Standard) is the analytical standard of (3S,4R,5S)-1,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexan-2-one. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (3S,4R,5S)-1,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexan-2-one is an endogenous metabolite.
    L-(-)-Sorbose (Standard)
  • HY-133202
    Trehalulose
    Trehalulose is a microbial metabolite and a beneficial structural isomer of Sucrose (HY-B1779). Trehalulose attenuates blood glucose and insulin response. Trehalulose exhibits antioxidant activity to support oxidative stability. Trehalulose can be used for food and beverage applications, and can be used for the research of dental caries, diabetes, obesity.
    Trehalulose
  • HY-B1449S6
    Uridine-d
    Uridine-d is the deuterium labeled Uridine..
    Uridine-d
  • HY-I1060S
    L-Alloisoleucine-d10
    L-Alloisoleucine-d10 is the deuterium labeled L-Alloisoleucine. L-Alloisoleucine is a branched chain amino acid and is a stereo-isomer of L-isoleucine. L-Alloisoleucine is a common constituent of human plasma (albeit at low levels).
    L-Alloisoleucine-d<sub>10</sub>
  • HY-113144S
    L-Hexanoylcarnitine-d9
    L-Hexanoylcarnitine-d9 is deuterium labeled L-Hexanoylcarnitine. L-Hexanoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine and also a urinary biomarker for hyperlipidemia. The expression of L-Hexanoylcarnitine is upregulated in colorectal cancer cells, which is associated with metabolic pathways related to cell growth and proliferation. L-Hexanoylcarnitine can be used in studies related to hyperlipidemia and stage B colorectal cancer.
    L-Hexanoylcarnitine-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-W002112S1
    (±)-Nornicotine-d7
    (±)-Nornicotine-d7 is the deuterium labeled (±)-Nornicotine (HY-W002112). (±)-Nornicotine is a major metabolite of Nicotine. (±)-Nornicotine is a partial nAChRs agonist, specifically activating receptor subtypes containing α7 and α6 subunits. (±)-Nornicotine disrupts β-catenin and ZO-1, and induces F-actin depolymerization. (±)-Nornicotine supports self-administration behavior. (±)-Nornicotine can be used in the research of atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia.
    (±)-Nornicotine-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-107420S
    AY 9944-d8
    AY 9944-d8 is the deuterium labeled AY 9944 (HY-107420). AY 9944 is a specific cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor. AY 9944 inhibits the 7-dehydro cholesterol Δ7-reductase (DHCR7) enzyme with an IC50 of 13 nM. AY 9944 causes hypocholesterolemia and accumulation of 7DHC. At high doses, AY 9944 inhibits also in cultured embryos sterol Δ7-Δ8 isomerase, which causes the accumulation of cholest-8-en-3β-ol.
    AY 9944-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-P11082
    APGW-amide
    APGW-amide is a neuropeptide. APGW-amide controls the growth of imposex structures and promotes growth in Haliotis asinina. APGW-amide inhibits Achatina neurons and modulates neuronal currents induced by neuroactive compounds. APGW-amide induces a rapid increase in [Ca2+]i in Fura-2/AM-loaded PC12 cells. APGW-amide is useful for research on the nervous system.
    APGW-amide
  • HY-E70940
    Sphingomyelinase, Staphylococcus aureus
    Sphingomyelinase, Staphylococcus aureus (EC 3.1.4.12) is a hydrolase enzyme that is involved in sphingolipid metabolism reactions. Sphingomyelinase is a member of the DNase I superfamily of enzymes and is responsible for breaking sphingomyelin (SM) down into phosphocholine and ceramide.
    Sphingomyelinase, Staphylococcus aureus
  • HY-113273C
    Diadenosine pentaphosphate pentalithium
    Diadenosine pentaphosphate pentalithium is an endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotide which has been isolated from thrombocytes. Diadenosine polyphosphates (ApnA, n=2–7) have been identified as constituents of secretory vesicles such as in platelets, chromaffin cells, Torpedo synaptic terminals and brain synaptosomes.
    Diadenosine pentaphosphate pentalithium
  • HY-13224A
    AZD4877 hydrochloride
    AZD4877 hydrochloride is a synthetic dynein inhibitor with potential anti-tumor activity. AZD4877 selectively inhibits the microtubule dynein KSP (also known as kinesin-5 or Eg5), which may lead to inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly. The action of AZD4877 may activate the spindle assembly checkpoint, leading to cell cycle arrest at the mitotic stage. AZD4877 may induce cell death in actively dividing tumor cells. AZD4877 may be less likely to cause peripheral neuropathy associated with microtubule-targeted compounds as it is not involved in post-mitotic processes. AZD4877 is essential for the formation of bipolar spindles and the proper segregation of sister chromosomes.
    AZD4877 hydrochloride
  • HY-18732C
    L-NMMA hydrochloride
    L-NMMA (Tilarginine) hydrochloride is a non-selective and competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. L-NMMA hydrochloride inhibits three subtypes, namely nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS, and reduces NO production. L-NMMA hydrochloride alleviates mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and choroidal fibrosis. L-NMMA hydrochloride is applicable to research related to nociception, bone cancer pain, and myopia.
    L-NMMA hydrochloride
Art. -Nr. Produktname / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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