Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health^[1]^[2]^[3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets^[1]^[2]^[3].

References:

[1]. Seyedsayamdost MR. Toward a global picture of bacterial secondary metabolism. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Mar;46(3-4):301-311.

[2]. Ruiz B, et al. Production of microbial secondary metabolites: regulation by the carbon source. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2010 May;36(2):146-67.

[3]. Wishart DS. Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. Physiol Rev. 2019 Oct 1;99(4):1819-1875.

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8487)
Antibodies (477)
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Inhibitors (66) Agonists (3) Controls (2) Antagonist (1) Activators (7) Modulators (9) Chemicals (14) Inducers (6)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-B1092AS

Gluconate-1-¹³C sodium		99.89%
Gluconate-1-¹³C (D-Gluconic acid-1-¹³C) sodium is the ¹³C labeled Gluconate sodium (HY-B1092A). Gluconate (D-Gluconic acid) sodium is an orally active glucose derivative. Gluconate sodium reduces nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6). Gluconate sodium inhibits ERK phosphorylation. Gluconate sodium has antioxidant and antiplatelet activation activities. Gluconate sodium has antitumor activity against colorectal cancer. Gluconate sodium improves osteoarthritis, intestinal damage and acute lung injury.

HY-N7092S5

D-Fructose-4-¹³C		99.7%
D-Fructose-4-¹³C is the ¹³C labeled D-Fructose. D-Fructose (D(-)-Fructose) is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in many plants.

HY-101981S2

Uridine 5'-monophosphate-d₁₁ dilithium		99.90%
Uridine 5'-monophosphate-d₁₁ (5'- Uridylic acid-d₁₁) dilithium is deuterium labeled Uridine 5'-monophosphate (HY-101981). Uridine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Uridylic acid) is an orally active mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel activator that has a protective effect on the heart. Uridine 5'-monophosphate can promote the synthesis of CDP-choline and induce apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, which is beneficial for gut development and reduces diarrhea.

HY-113031S

16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-d₆
16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-d₆ (16α-Hydroxy-DHEA-d₆) is the deuterium labeled 16α-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone.

HY-W013636C

2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium		98.0%
2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) (potassium) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium is a reversible and orally active inhibitor of tyrosinase with an IC₅₀ value of 15 mM. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium significantly suppresses abnormal intestinal permeability, delocalization of tight junction proteins from the intestinal cells, expression of TNFα in vitro and in vivo. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium directly binds to TAK1, and inhibits the TRAF6-TAK1 interaction. 2-Ketoglutaric acid potassium also alleviates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms and gut microbiota dysbiosis, evident by the improvements in the intestine length.

HY-W015591R

Mandelic acid (Standard)
Mandelic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mandelic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mandelic acid ((±)-Mandelic acid), an alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid, has been widely used as an intermediate of pharmaceutical and fine chemicals. Mandelic acid shows antimicrobial activity and has been used for the research of urinary tract infections and vaginal trichomoniasis. Mandelic acid exhibits high sperm-immobilizing activity and low vaginal irritation.

HY-125954A

Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium		99.9%
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium (UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid ammonium) is a glucuronic acid donor. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium transfers its glucuronic acid moiety to acceptor molecules, thereby forming "ether" glucuronides, while being converted into uridine 5'-pyrophosphate. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium serves as a substrate for Arabidopsis UDP-GlcA 4-epimerase 1, and undergoes reversible 4-epimerization to generate UDP-α-D-galacturonic acid.

HY-B0528S

Octopamine-d₃		99.52%
Octopamine-d₃ is deuterium labeled Octopamine.

HY-157693

C18:1 Cyclic LPA		99%
C18:1 Cyclic LPA is a naturally occurring analog of the growth factor-like phospholipid mediator, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), characterized by the formation of a 5-membered ring between its sn-2 hydroxy group and the sn-3 phosphate. This unique structure allows C18:1 Cyclic LPA to influence a variety of cellular functions, such as inhibiting cell cycle progression, promoting the formation of stress fibers, curtailing tumor cell invasiveness and metastasis, and modulating the differentiation and survival of neuronal cells. Notably, many of these cellular effects elicited by C18:1 Cyclic LPA appear to counter those induced by LPA, despite the activation of seemingly similar receptor populations.

HY-N0170R

Indole-3-carbinol (Standard)
Indole-3-carbinol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indole-3-carbinol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) inhibits NF-κB activity and also is an Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, and an inhibitor of WWP1 (WW domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase 1).

HY-Y0839S

Levulinic acid-d₅		98.89%
Levulinic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Levulinic acid. Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.

HY-B2156S

Menaquinone-4-d₇
Menaquinone-4-d₇ (Vitamin K2(MK-4)-d7) is the deuterium labeled Menaquinone-4. Menaquinone-4 is a vitamin K, used as a hemostatic agent, and also a adjunctive therapy for the pain of osteoporosis.

HY-121265

Bendiocarb		99.69%
Bendiocarb is an active compound.

HY-W011824R

2′-O-Methyluridine (Standard)
2′-O-Methyluridine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2′-O-Methyluridine (HY-W001824). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2’-O-Methyluridine is a modified nucleoside that can be found in T. thermophile tRNA. 2’-O-Methyluridine level in serum is decreased in patients with breast cancer.

HY-B0892S1

Benzyl alcohol-d₇		99.56%
Benzyl alcohol-d₇ is the deuterium labeled Benzyl alcohol. Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol; a colorless liquid with a mild pleasant aromatic odor.

HY-W590849

F1874-108	Inhibitor	99.22%
F1874-108 is an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signal transduction.

HY-N0149R

Salicin (Standard)
Salicin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salicin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salicin is a natural COX inhibitor.

HY-W101366

AC-PHE-OME		99.87%
AC-PHE-OME is a phenylalanine derivative.

HY-N0729S3

Linoleic acid-¹³C₁		99.1%
Linoleic acid-¹³C₁ is the ¹³C labeled Linoleic acid. Linoleic acid is a common polyunsaturated (PUFA) found in plant-based oils, nuts and seeds. Linoleic acid is a part of membrane phospholipids, and functions as a structural component to maintain a certain level of membrane fluidity of the transdermal water barrier of the epidermis. Linoleic acid induces red blood cells and hemoglobin damage via oxidative mechanism .

HY-W585839

Bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate
Bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) is an organophosphate esters (OPEs) . Bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphate are positively correlated with an increased risk of sarcopenia.Bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphate has the nephrotoxic potential.

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Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8487)

Antibodies (477)

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

Endogenous Metabolite Related Products (8487):