2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-147816
    Anticancer agent 70
    		Inhibitor
    Anticancer agent 70 (Compound 21), an anticancer agent, exhibits remarkable cytotoxic activity against numerous human cancer cell lines. Anticancer agent 70 results in the G0/G1-cell cycle arrest with a concomitant increase in p53 and p21 protein levels. Anticancer agent 70 leads to ATP depletion and disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential.
    Anticancer agent 70
  • HY-B1334AS
    Perhexiline-d11 maleate
    		Inhibitor
    Perhexiline-d11 (maleate) is the deuterium labeled Perhexiline maleate. Perhexiline maleate is a potent carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT 1) inhibitor with IC50s of 77 and 148 μM for rat heart and liver CPT 1, respectively.
    Perhexiline-d<sub>11</sub> maleate
  • HY-145303
    DX2-201
    		Inhibitor
    DX2-201 is a potent and selective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I inhibitor with an IC50 of 312 nM. DX2-201 has anticancer effects.
    DX2-201
  • HY-125714
    Isoapoptolidin
    		Inhibitor
    Isoapoptolidin is a mitochondrial F0F1-ATPase inhibitor (Ki>100 μM, selective for mitochondrial complex V). Isoapoptolidin is promising for research of mitochondrial energy metabolism-related diseases (e.g., cancer, neurodegeneration).
    Isoapoptolidin
  • HY-N12887
    Mycothiazole
    		Inhibitor
    Mycothiazole is an inhibitor for mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I. Mycothiazole exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells Huh7 (IC50 is 55.8 μM), U87 and MCF7. Mycothiazole induces apoptosis in Huh7. Mycothiazole utilizes the unfolded protein response (UPR) and heat shock response (HSR) pathway involved transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, to extend the lifespan of C. elegans.
    Mycothiazole
  • HY-159518
    ROS inducer 4
    		Inhibitor
    ROS inducer 4 (compound TE3) is a mitochondrial inhibitor. ROS inducer 4 causes a series of mitochondria-related physiological changes in tumors, such as mitochondrial fragmentation, explosive generation and accumulation of ROS, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased ATP content, and activation of ROS-mediated apoptotic signaling in mitochondria.
    ROS inducer 4
  • HY-181525
    Mito-DHH chloride
    		Inhibitor
    Mito-DHH chloride is a mitochondria-targeted catechol-type diphenylhexatriene. Mito-DHH chloride rapidly accumulates in mitochondria and undergoes auto-oxidation in the alkaline mitochondrial matrix to generate ROS. Mito-DHH chloride triggers ROS-dependent reduction of ATP levels via dual inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic metabolism, and induces selective apoptosis in cancer cells. Mito-DHH chloride can be used in research related to lung cancer, liver cancer, malignant melanoma, and colon cancer.
    Mito-DHH chloride
  • HY-106492
    Amocarzine
    		Inhibitor
    Amocarzine (CGP 6140) is an orally active antifilarial agent. Amocarzine can result in the swelling of mitochondrion and inhibit respiration and other associated metabolic functions. Amocarzine can be used for the research of infection.
    Amocarzine
  • HY-115507A
    (Z)-NMac1
    		Inhibitor
    (Z)-NMac1 is an Nm23-H1 activator found in Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Z)-NMac1 has dual anti-metastatic and anti-proliferative biological activities. (Z)-NMac1 selectively inhibits cancer cell proliferation under glucose starvation conditions by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I activity, leading to ATP depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction. (Z)-NMac1 can be used to study tumors with high oxidative phosphorylation, especially in the glucose-restricted tumor microenvironment.
    (Z)-NMac1
  • HY-P5345A
    KLA peptide acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    KLA peptide acetate is a naturally occurring Antibiotic peptide that is nontoxic outside of cells but is toxic when it enters into the interior of targeted cells. KLA peptide acetate can induce cell Apoptosis by disrupting mitochondrial membranes and activating Caspase. MG1-KLA acetate, formed by the coupling of KLA peptide acetate with MG1, can selectively induce apoptosis in pro-inflammatory microglia. KLA peptide acetate can be used for the research of liver fibrosis. KLA peptide acetate can be used for the research of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
    KLA peptide acetate
  • HY-144311
    OXPHOS-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    OXPHOS-IN-1 (compound 2) is a oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor. OXPHOS-IN-1 inhibits the cells growth of MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 cells with IC50s of 2.34 μM and 13.82 μM, respectively.
    OXPHOS-IN-1
  • HY-126222B
    (E/Z)-MitoTam iodide, hydriodide
    		Inhibitor
    (E/Z)-MitoTam (iodide, hydriodide) (MitoTam (iodide, hydriodide)) is the E/Z mixture of MitoTam iodide, hydriodide. MitoTam iodide, hydriodide is a Tamoxifen derivative, an electron transport chain (ETC) inhibitor, spreduces mitochondrial membrane potential in senescent cells and affects mitochondrial morphology. MitoTam iodide, hydriodide is an effective anticancer agent, suppresses respiratory complexes (CI-respiration) and disrupts respiratory supercomplexes (SCs) formation in breast cancer cells. MitoTam iodide, hydriodide causes apoptosis.
    (E/Z)-MitoTam iodide, hydriodide
  • HY-155227S
    ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5
    		Inhibitor
    ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 (Compound (-)-9a) is a deuterated dual-target inhibitor of EGFR and ALK, with an IC50 of 1.08 nM for EGFR and an IC50 of 2.395 nM for ALK. ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 inhibits the phosphorylated proteins in the EGFR, ALK, and BRK signaling pathways, blocking the cell cycle, leading to a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis (Apoptosis). ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 also significantly inhibits tumor growth in animal models and demonstrates good safety. ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d5 holds promise for research in the field of cancer treatment
    ALK/EGFR-IN-1-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-34740S1
    Ethylmalonic acid-d5
    		Inhibitor 98.09%
    Ethylmalonic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Ethylmalonic acid (HY-34740). Ethylmalonic acid is a short-chain organic dicarboxylic acid. Ethylmalonic acid synergistically induces mitochondrial permeability transition (MP) with Ca2+, inhibits Mi-CK, and disrupts mitochondrial energy metabolism. Ethylmalonic acid can be used in the research of SCADD, EE and other genetic metabolic diseases characterized by EMA accumulation.
    Ethylmalonic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-126718
    Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate
    		Inhibitor
    Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate (Ketohypoglycin) is an inhibitor for gluconeogenesis. Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate inhibits ketogenesis and affects the fatty acids metabolism. Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate may interfere with the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway, affects the contents and composition of coenzyme A, and affects the glucose homeostasis.
    Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate
  • HY-N16535
    Stigmalactam
    		Inhibitor
    Stigmalactam is an aristolactam-type alkaloid extracted from Orophea enterocarpa with anticancer effects. Stigmalactam induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway, with the activation of caspase-3/9, and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MTP). Stigmalactam exhibits antioxidant activity by decreasing ROS production. Stigmalactam can be used for liver and breast cancer research.
    Stigmalactam
  • HY-170571
    BE2647
    		Inhibitor
    BE2647 is a selective inhibitor for mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) with an EC50 of 70 nM. BE2647 exhibits good metabolic stability in mouse liver microsomes. BE2647 can be used in research of metabolic diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (MASLD), or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (MASH).
    BE2647
  • HY-176418
    BBOX-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    BBOX-IN-1 (compound 58) is a potent BBOX inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.02 μM. BBOX-IN-1 can be used in the study of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) .
    BBOX-IN-1
  • HY-182899
    DPAP
    		Inhibitor
    DPAP is a p-ERK1/2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.85 μM against p-ERK1/2. DPAP inhibits the expression of p-MEK1/2 and disrupts the Ras-ERK signaling pathway. DPAP inhibits the expression of COX-2 in nerve cells. DPAP damages DNA and mitochondria, induces Apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway, and upregulates PD-L1. DPAP inhibits melanoma metastasis and angiogenesis, and inactivates spinal microglia and astrocytes. DPAP exhibits anti-melanoma activity and can be combined with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies to modify anti-tumor effects. DPAP is applicable for the research of melanoma.
    DPAP
  • HY-184209
    Antifungal agent-163
    		Inhibitor
    Antifungal agent-163 is an antifungal agent. Antifungal agent-163 inhibits the activity of coenzyme Q-cytochrome C reductase (CoQ-Ccr), thereby disrupting electron transport in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Antifungal agent-163 induces intracellular ROS accumulation, causes cell membrane damage, and impairs mitochondrial function in *Sublineola* cells. Antifungal agent-163 exhibits control effects against fungal plant diseases. Antifungal agent-163 can be used in the research of sorghum anthracnose.
    Antifungal agent-163
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity