2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. 상품명 효과 Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0263R
    Thiabendazole (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Thiabendazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thiabendazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thiabendazole inhibits worm-specific fumarate reductase and has anthelmintic properties.
    Thiabendazole (Standard)
  • HY-W012572A
    D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.46%
    D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu2+).
    D-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate
  • HY-B1836S
    Meldonium-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Meldonium-d3 is the deuterated form of Meldonium. Meldonium is a cardiovascular protective agent that competitively inhibits BBOX1 and OCTN2. The IC50 value of Mildronate against human recombinant BBOX is 34-62 μM, and the EC50 value against human OCTN2 is 21 μM. Meldonium is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor.
    Meldonium-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-131453A
    Mitochondrial respiration-IN-1 hydrobromide
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Mitochondrial respiration-IN-1 hydrobromide (compound 49) is a potent mitochondrial inhibitor (IC50=8.8 mg/mL) extracted from patent US20110301180A1, compound 49. Mitochondrial respiration-IN-1 hydrobromide significantly reduces mitochondrial respiration in platelets.
    Mitochondrial respiration-IN-1 hydrobromide
  • HY-162831
    MPC-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.55%
    MPC-IN-1 (compound 4i) is a cyanocinnamate-based, mitochondrial pyruvate transporter (MPC) inhibitor, and is a derivative of UK-5099 (HY-15475). MPC inhibitors promote the development of hair follicle stem cells without affecting normal cells. MPC-IN-1 promotes cellular lactate production and promotes significant hair growth in mice, and has the potential to be used to inhibit hair loss.
    MPC-IN-1
  • HY-N0832S1
    L-Histidine-13C6,15N3
    		Inhibitor
    L-Histidine-13C6,15N3 is 13C and 15N-labeled L-Histidine (HY-N0832). L-Histidine is an essential amino acid for infants. L-Histidine is an inhibitor of mitochondrial glutamine transport.
    L-Histidine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-75625
    2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.64%
    2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid is an orally active inhibitor of MCT-1 and MCT-4, as well as a plant biomarker. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid can be isolated from roots. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid induces Apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid exhibits anticancer activity against breast cancer. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid normalizes lactic acid levels. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid neutralizes viper venom and attenuates its lethal, hemorrhagic, coagulant and anticoagulant activities in male albino mice. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid possesses antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective activities.
    2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid
  • HY-119976R
    Boscalid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Boscalid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Boscalid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Boscalid is a succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI) inhibitor with antifungal activity. Boscalid binds to the ubiquinone-binding site of fungal mitochondrial complex II, blocks ATP production and aerobic respiration, exhibits good control efficacy against a variety of plant fungal diseases including gray mold, sclerotinia rot and powdery mildew, and is widely used for disease control in agriculture. Boscalid induces apoptosis, altered lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, respiratory impairment, oxidative stress, ROS accumulation and neurodevelopmental disorders in zebrafish. Boscalid reduces foraging ability, shortens median death time and causes chronic toxicity in exposed honeybees. Boscalid also possesses genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, elevated mitochondrial superoxide levels and early-stage apoptosis.
    Boscalid (Standard)
  • HY-B0486R
    Lonidamine (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lonidamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lonidamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lonidamine (AF-1890) is a hexokinase and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibitor (Ki: 2.5 μM). Lonidamine also inhibits aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. Lonidamine can be used in the research of mitochondrial metabolism and inflammation, such as pulmonary fibrosis.
    Lonidamine (Standard)
  • HY-119976S
    Boscalid-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Boscalid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Boscalid. Boscalid is a succinate dehydrogenase (SDHI) inhibitor with antifungal activity. Boscalid binds to the ubiquinone-binding site of fungal mitochondrial complex II, blocks ATP production and aerobic respiration, exhibits good control efficacy against a variety of plant fungal diseases including gray mold, sclerotinia rot and powdery mildew, and is widely used for disease control in agriculture. Boscalid induces apoptosis, altered lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, respiratory impairment, oxidative stress, ROS accumulation and neurodevelopmental disorders in zebrafish. Boscalid reduces foraging ability, shortens median death time and causes chronic toxicity in exposed honeybees. Boscalid also possesses genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, elevated mitochondrial superoxide levels and early-stage apoptosis.
    Boscalid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-B0887R
    Permethrin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Permethrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Permethrin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Permethrin (NRDC-143) is an insecticide, acaricide, and insect repellent; functions as a neurotoxin, affecting neuron membranes by prolonging sodium channel activation.
    Permethrin (Standard)
  • HY-121248
    Hydramethylnon
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Hydramethylnon (AC217300) is an amidinohydrazone insecticide. Hydramethylnon's mechanism of action is through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by inhibiting the electron transport chain at the cytochrome b-c1 complex. Hydramethylnon can be used to eliminate red imported fire ants, cockroaches, and other insects.
    Hydramethylnon
  • HY-34740R
    Ethylmalonic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ethylmalonic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ethylmalonic acid (HY-34740). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ethylmalonic acid is a short-chain organic dicarboxylic acid. Ethylmalonic acid synergistically induces mitochondrial permeability transition (MP) with Ca2+, inhibits Mi-CK, and disrupts mitochondrial energy metabolism. Ethylmalonic acid can be used in the research of SCADD, EE and other genetic metabolic diseases characterized by EMA accumulation.
    Ethylmalonic acid (Standard)
  • HY-130588
    Glutathione arsenoxide
    		Inhibitor
    Glutathione arsenoxide (GSAO) is a potential anticancer agent and a tumour metabolism inhibitor. Glutathione arsenoxide targets Mitochondrial endomycin nucleotide transferase (ANT). Glutathione arsenoxide causes cell proliferation arrest and cell death. Glutathione arsenoxide can be used to identify cell-surface proteins, such as Protein disulphide isomerase.
    Glutathione arsenoxide
  • HY-145306
    DX3-234
    		Inhibitor 98.96%
    DX3-234 is an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor. DX3-234 shows significant tumor suppression in the Pan02 syngeneic model of pancreatic cancer.
    DX3-234
  • HY-178749
    MS6076
    		Inhibitor
    MS6076 is a mitochondrial protease ClpP agonist. MS6076 specifically activates the ClpP protease in the mitochondrial matrix, significantly disrupting mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC) function by accelerating the degradation of unfolded proteins. MS6076 exhibits potent cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines. MS6076 induces cell apoptosis, increasing cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP. MS6076 can be used for the research of breast cancer.
    MS6076
  • HY-P10873
    ST-CY14
    		Inhibitor
    ST-CY14 is an inhibitor for Nur77-PPARγ interaction with an EC50 of 3.15 μM, that binds to Nur77 (Kd=32 nM), blocks Nur77 from being ubiquitinated and degraded by PPARγ, reduces fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial respiration, and inhibits the transcription of CD36 and FABP4. ST-CY14 inhibits the proliferation and migration of cancer cell MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. ST-CY14 inhibits tumor growth and bone metastasis in mouse models.
    ST-CY14
  • HY-N8617
    Trijuganone C
    		Inhibitor
    Trijuganone C is a tanshinone-type diterpenoid compound. Trijuganone C can be isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Trijuganone C induces chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, activation of Caspase-3, -8 and -9, as well as cleavage of PARP. Trijuganone C activates Bid and Bax, leading to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. Trijuganone C exerts antiproliferative effects through Apoptosis induction mediated by Mitochondrial dysfunction and Caspase activation. Trijuganone C exhibits significant antiproliferative activity against leukemia cells and colon cancer cells.
    Trijuganone C
  • HY-16397AS
    Phenformin-d5 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    Phenformin-d5 (Phenethylbiguanide-d5) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Phenformin hydrochloride. Phenformin hydrochloride is an orally active biguanide hypoglycemic agent. Phenformin hydrochloride inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, leading to an increased AMP/ATP ratio, activation of AMPK, and subsequent inhibition of the mTOR pathway, thereby suppressing cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Phenformin hydrochloride inhibits cancer stem cells (CSCs) and possesses potent antitumor potential.
    Phenformin-d<sub>5</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-W555457
    Methyl 3,5-di-O-benzyl-D-ribofuranoside
    		Inhibitor
    Methyl 3,5-di-O-benzyl-D-ribofuranoside is a sugar derivative. Methyl 3,5-di-O-benzyl-D-ribofuranoside increases mitochondrial oxygen consumption.
    Methyl 3,5-di-O-benzyl-D-ribofuranoside
Cat. No. 상품명 / Synonyms Application Reactivity