1. Neuronal Signaling Apoptosis
  2. Cholinesterase (ChE) Apoptosis
  3. Galanthamine

Galanthamine  (Synonyms: Galantamine)

Cat. No.: HY-76299 Purity: 99.96%
COA Handling Instructions

Galanthamine is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 500 nM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Galanthamine Chemical Structure

Galanthamine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 357-70-0

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
USD 73 In-stock
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Solid
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100 mg USD 106 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Galanthamine:

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Galanthamine is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 500 nM.

IC50 & Target

AChE

 

In Vitro

Galanthamine inhibits AChE and BChE with IC50 of 0.5 and 8.5 μM[1]. Galanthamine acts as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of human α4β2 AChRs expressed in permanently transfected HEK 293 cells. Galanthamine increases the response of (α4β2)2α5 AChRs to 1 μM ACh by up to 220% with very low concerntration(EC50=0.25 nM). Only small potentiation (20%) of either α4β2 or (α4β2)2β3 AChRs is detected using FLEXstation assays. Galanthamine at concentrations of 1 μM and above inhibits all three AChR subtypes[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Acute administration of Galantamine (0.3-3 mg/kg, i.p.) increases IGF2 mRNA levels in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex, in time- and dose-dependent manner. Galantamine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) causes a transient increase in fibroblast growth factor 2 mRNA levels and a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA levels in the hippocampus, while it does not affect the mRNA levels of other neurotrophic/growth factors. The Galantamine-induced increase in the hippocampal IGF2 mRNA levels is blocked by Mecamylamine, a nonselective nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR) antagonist, and Methyllycaconitine, a selective α7 nAChR antagonist, but not by Telenzepine, a preferential M1muscarinic ACh receptor antagonist. Moreover, the selective α7 nAChR agonist PHA-543613 increasea the IGF2 mRNA levels, while Donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, does not. Galantamine also increases hippocampal IGF2 protein, which is blocked by Methyllycaconitine[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

287.35

Formula

C17H21NO3

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2OC3=C4C(CN(C)CC[C@]42C=C1)=CC=C3OC

Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 59 mg/mL (205.32 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

1M HCl : 50 mg/mL (174.00 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 1 with HCl)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.4801 mL 17.4004 mL 34.8008 mL
5 mM 0.6960 mL 3.4801 mL 6.9602 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.70 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.70 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.96%

References
Animal Administration
[2]

Mice[2]
Eight-week-old male ddY mice are housed in cages (24 cm×17 cm×12 cm) in each group of five to six animals under controlled environmental conditions (22±1°C; 12:12-h light-dark cycle, lights on at 0800 hours, food and water ad libitum) for 1 week before use in the experiments. 453 mice are used in total and in single use for each purpose. The following drugs are used: mecamylamine, methyllycaconitine, oxotremorine, and telenzepine, and Galantamine, Donepezil, and PHA-543613. All drugs are dissolved in saline (0.9 % solution of NaCl). Drugs are administered in a volume of 10 mL/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) (Galantamine, Donepezil, Mecamylamine, Methyllycaconitine, Oxotremorine) or subcutaneously (s.c.) (PHA-543613, Telenzepine).

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
1M HCl / DMSO 1 mM 3.4801 mL 17.4004 mL 34.8008 mL 87.0019 mL
5 mM 0.6960 mL 3.4801 mL 6.9602 mL 17.4004 mL
10 mM 0.3480 mL 1.7400 mL 3.4801 mL 8.7002 mL
15 mM 0.2320 mL 1.1600 mL 2.3201 mL 5.8001 mL
20 mM 0.1740 mL 0.8700 mL 1.7400 mL 4.3501 mL
25 mM 0.1392 mL 0.6960 mL 1.3920 mL 3.4801 mL
30 mM 0.1160 mL 0.5800 mL 1.1600 mL 2.9001 mL
40 mM 0.0870 mL 0.4350 mL 0.8700 mL 2.1750 mL
50 mM 0.0696 mL 0.3480 mL 0.6960 mL 1.7400 mL
60 mM 0.0580 mL 0.2900 mL 0.5800 mL 1.4500 mL
80 mM 0.0435 mL 0.2175 mL 0.4350 mL 1.0875 mL
100 mM 0.0348 mL 0.1740 mL 0.3480 mL 0.8700 mL
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Galanthamine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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