Cat. No.: HY-76299

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Galanthamine

(Synonyms: Galantamine)

15 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Galanthamine is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 500 nM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.81%
CAS No.: 357-70-0
Formula: C₁₇H₂₁NO₃
Molecular Weight:287.36

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Galanthamine Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 357-70-0

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (15)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Galanthamine is a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 500 nM.

IC₅₀ & Target

AChE

All Cholinesterase (ChE) Isoforms :

AChE
BChE

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
BJ	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay	[PMID: 22921081]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay	[PMID: 22921081]
Cortical neurone	EC₅₀	1.48 μM Compound: Galantamine	Neuroprotective activity against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rat primary cortical neurons assessed as increase in cell viability after 3 hrs by MTT assay Neuroprotective activity against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rat primary cortical neurons assessed as increase in cell viability after 3 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27376495]
G-361	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against human G361 cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay Cytotoxicity against human G361 cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay	[PMID: 22921081]
HeLa	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay	[PMID: 22921081]
HepG2	IC₅₀	4200 μM Compound: Galantamine	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36996715]
HepG2	IC₅₀	4200 μM Compound: Galantamine	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 38784455]
K562	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay	[PMID: 22921081]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 1	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by Calcein AM assay	[PMID: 22921081]
NIH3T3	IC₅₀	7.28 μM Compound: Galanthamine	Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 38614062]
SH-SY5Y	EC₅₀	1.94 μM Compound: Galantamine	Neuroprotective activity against okadaic acid-induced tau phosphorylation-mediated cell death in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as increase in cell viability after 24 hrs by XTT assay Neuroprotective activity against okadaic acid-induced tau phosphorylation-mediated cell death in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as increase in cell viability after 24 hrs by XTT assay	[PMID: 27376495]
SH-SY5Y	EC₅₀	2.81 μM Compound: Galantamine	Neuroprotective activity against oligomycine/rotenone-induced oxidative stress-mediated cell death in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as increase in cell viability after 24 hrs by XTT assay Neuroprotective activity against oligomycine/rotenone-induced oxidative stress-mediated cell death in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as increase in cell viability after 24 hrs by XTT assay	[PMID: 27376495]
SH-SY5Y	IC₅₀	4700 μM Compound: Galantamine	Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36996715]
SH-SY5Y	IC₅₀	4700 μM Compound: Galantamine	Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y cells incubated for 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 38784455]
SH-SY5Y	IC₅₀	747 nM Compound: 1	Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as protection against NMDA-induced cell death after 6 hrs by MTS assay Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as protection against NMDA-induced cell death after 6 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23033965]

In Vitro

Galanthamine inhibits AChE and BChE with IC₅₀ of 0.5 and 8.5 μM^[1]. Galanthamine acts as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of human α4β2 AChRs expressed in permanently transfected HEK 293 cells. Galanthamine increases the response of (α4β2)₂α5 AChRs to 1 μM ACh by up to 220% with very low concerntration(EC₅₀=0.25 nM). Only small potentiation (20%) of either α4β2 or (α4β2)₂β3 AChRs is detected using FLEXstation assays. Galanthamine at concentrations of 1 μM and above inhibits all three AChR subtypes^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Acute administration of Galantamine (0.3-3 mg/kg, i.p.) increases IGF2 mRNA levels in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex, in time- and dose-dependent manner. Galantamine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) causes a transient increase in fibroblast growth factor 2 mRNA levels and a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA levels in the hippocampus, while it does not affect the mRNA levels of other neurotrophic/growth factors. The Galantamine-induced increase in the hippocampal IGF2 mRNA levels is blocked by Mecamylamine, a nonselective nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR) antagonist, and Methyllycaconitine, a selective α7 nAChR antagonist, but not by Telenzepine, a preferential M1muscarinic ACh receptor antagonist. Moreover, the selective α7 nAChR agonist PHA-543613 increasea the IGF2 mRNA levels, while Donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, does not. Galantamine also increases hippocampal IGF2 protein, which is blocked by Methyllycaconitine^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 357-70-0
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 287.36
Formula C₁₇H₂₁NO₃
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2OC3=C4C(CN(C)CC[C@]42C=C1)=CC=C3OC
Synonyms

Galantamine
Structure Classification
- Alkaloids
- Other Alkaloids
Initial Source
- Plants
- other families
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (15)

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

Plasticity in ventral pallidal cholinergic neuron-derived circuits contributes to comorbid chronic pain-like and depression-like behaviour in male mice. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 17;14(1):2182. PMID: 37069246
Acta Pharmacol Sin

α4 nicotinic receptors on GABAergic neurons mediate a cholinergic analgesic circuit in the substantia nigra pars reticulata. [Abstract]

2024 Jun;45(6):1160-1174. PMID: 38438581
Free Radic Biol Med

Early administration of galantamine from preplaque phase suppresses oxidative stress and improves cognitive behavior in APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. [Abstract]

2019 Dec;145:20-32. PMID: 31536772
PLoS Biol

A high-throughput behavioral screening platform for measuring chemotaxis by C. elegans. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 27;22(6):e3002672. PMID: 38935621
Antioxidants (Basel)

Bioactive Components from Ampelopsis japonica with Antioxidant, Anti-α-Glucosidase, and Antiacetylcholinesterase Activities. [Abstract]

2022 Jun 23;11(7):1228. PMID: 35883719
Antioxidants (Basel)

Comparison of Various Solvent Extracts and Major Bioactive Components from Unsalt-Fried and Salt-Fried Rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides for Antioxidant, Anti-α-Glucosidase, and Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activities. [Abstract]

2022 Feb 14;11(2):385. PMID: 35204266
Biochem Pharmacol

Galantamine improves enhanced impulsivity, impairments of attention and long-term potentiation induced by prenatal nicotine exposure to mice. [Abstract]

2020 Oct;180:114139. PMID: 32652142
Microorganisms

Screening of Endophytic Bacteria of Leucojum aestivum 'Gravety Giant' as a Potential Source of Alkaloids and as Antagonist to Some Plant Fungal Pathogens. [Abstract]

2022 Oct 21;10(10):2089. PMID: 36296365
J Chromatogr A

Fluorescent probe for the detection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors using high performance thin layer chromatography effect-directed assay in complex matrices. [Abstract]

2023 Oct 11:1708:464330. PMID: 37696130
Heliyon

Non-competitive inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) peel ethanolic extracts. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 3;10(11):e32322. PMID: 38912491
J Pharmacol Sci

Effects of galantamine on social interaction impairments in cholecystokinin receptor-2 overexpression mice. [Abstract]

2022 Apr;148(4):364-368. PMID: 35300811
Asian Pac J Trop Med

2018, 8(10):500-512.
bioRxiv

2025 Sep 21.
bioRxiv

An efficient behavioral screening platform classifies natural products and other chemical cues according to their chemosensory valence in C. elegans. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 3:2023.06.02.542933. PMID: 37333363
Research Square Preprint

June 16th, 2022.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 59 mg/mL (205.32 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.4800 mL

17.3998 mL

34.7997 mL

5 mM

0.6960 mL

3.4800 mL

6.9599 mL

10 mM

0.3480 mL

1.7400 mL

3.4800 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.70 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.70 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Animal Administration^[2]

Mice^[2]
Eight-week-old male ddY mice are housed in cages (24 cm×17 cm×12 cm) in each group of five to six animals under controlled environmental conditions (22±1°C; 12:12-h light-dark cycle, lights on at 0800 hours, food and water ad libitum) for 1 week before use in the experiments. 453 mice are used in total and in single use for each purpose. The following drugs are used: mecamylamine, methyllycaconitine, oxotremorine, and telenzepine, and Galantamine, Donepezil, and PHA-543613. All drugs are dissolved in saline (0.9 % solution of NaCl). Drugs are administered in a volume of 10 mL/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) (Galantamine, Donepezil, Mecamylamine, Methyllycaconitine, Oxotremorine) or subcutaneously (s.c.) (PHA-543613, Telenzepine).

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (282 KB)
SDS (481 KB)
- English - EN (481 KB)
- Français - FR (481 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (481 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (481 KB)
- Español - ES (481 KB)
- Swedish - SV (481 KB)
- Italian - IT (481 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (481 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Melanie-Jayne R. Howes, et al. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of natural origin. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences 3(SI 1):67-86.

[2]. Kuryatov A, et al. Roles of accessory subunits in alpha4beta2(*) nicotinic receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Jul;74(1):132-43. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kita Y, et al. Galantamine increases hippocampal insulin-like growth factor 2 expression via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Feb;225(3):543-51. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.4800 mL	17.3998 mL	34.7997 mL	86.9992 mL
	5 mM	0.6960 mL	3.4800 mL	6.9599 mL	17.3998 mL
	10 mM	0.3480 mL	1.7400 mL	3.4800 mL	8.6999 mL
	15 mM	0.2320 mL	1.1600 mL	2.3200 mL	5.7999 mL
	20 mM	0.1740 mL	0.8700 mL	1.7400 mL	4.3500 mL
	25 mM	0.1392 mL	0.6960 mL	1.3920 mL	3.4800 mL
	30 mM	0.1160 mL	0.5800 mL	1.1600 mL	2.9000 mL
	40 mM	0.0870 mL	0.4350 mL	0.8700 mL	2.1750 mL
	50 mM	0.0696 mL	0.3480 mL	0.6960 mL	1.7400 mL
	60 mM	0.0580 mL	0.2900 mL	0.5800 mL	1.4500 mL
	80 mM	0.0435 mL	0.2175 mL	0.4350 mL	1.0875 mL
	100 mM	0.0348 mL	0.1740 mL	0.3480 mL	0.8700 mL

Keywords

Galanthamine

15 Cited Publications

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Galanthamine

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3D Diverse Fragment Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Galanthamine

All Cholinesterase (ChE) Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (15)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Galanthamine Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-76299