2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase
  4. IOX2

IOX2, a chemical probe, is a specific prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2) inhibitor with IC50 of 22 nM. IOX2 regulates platelet function and arterial thrombosis by upregulating HIF-1α expression and inhibiting ROS production. IOX2 can be used in the study of thrombotic diseases.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 931398-72-0

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Based on 18 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of IOX2:

IOX2 Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    IOX2 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 14;15(1):35804.  [Abstract]

    Representative images and quantification of wound healing assay in HUVECs stimulated by high glucose combined with DMSO or IOX2 (50 μM) at 12 and 24 h.

    IOX2 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2022 May 4;13(1):2447.  [Abstract]

    Mouse articular chondrocytes were transfected with miR-17 inhibitor (100 nM) or inhibitor NC or miR-17 mimic (50 nM) or mimic NC and treated with or without IOX2 (20 μM) for 72 h. The protein levels of HIF-1α, SOX9, COL2A1 and MMP2 were determined by western blot.

    IOX2 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2022 May 4;13(1):2447.  [Abstract]

    Mouse articular chondrocytes were transfected with miR-17 inhibitor (100 nM) or inhibitor NC or miR-17 mimic (50 nM) or mimic NC and treated with or without IOX2 (20 μM) for 72 h. The gene expression of P3h3, Plod2, and Lox were determined by qRT-PCR.

    IOX2 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Jan 4;2020:4909103.  [Abstract]

    The result of CCK-8 showed 500 μM of IOX2 was cytotoxic in comparison to others.

    IOX2 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Jan 4;2020:4909103.  [Abstract]

    Flow cytometry displays the apoptosis rate is increased in the OGD/R group, while downregulated by pyruvate/IOX2.

    View All HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Isoform Specific Products:

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    HIF-1α HIF

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    • Purity & Documentation

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    Description

    IOX2, a chemical probe, is a specific prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2) inhibitor with IC50 of 22 nM. IOX2 regulates platelet function and arterial thrombosis by upregulating HIF-1α expression and inhibiting ROS production. IOX2 can be used in the study of thrombotic diseases[1][2].

    IC50 & Target

    IC50: 22 nM (PHD2)[2]
    In Vitro

    IOX2 (0, 10, 25, and 50 μM) dose-dependently inhibits collagen-related peptide (CRP; 0.25 μg/mL) or thrombin (0.03 U/mL)-induced platelet aggregation and ATP release. But IOX2 doesn’t affect P-selectin expression and the surface levels of glycoprotein (GP)Ibα, GPVI, or αIIbβ3[1].
    IOX2 also inhibits the spreading of platelets on fibrinogen or collagen and clot retraction[1].
    IOX2 (50 μM; 24 h) increases the transcription level of VEGF-A and BNIP3 in Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF), when grown under normoxia and hypoxia condition[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    IOX2 Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    IOX2 (10 mg/kg; i.p.; single dose) impaired the in vivo hemostatic function of platelets and arterial thrombus formation in mice[1].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Mouse[1]
    Dosage: 10 mg/kg
    Administration: Intraperitoneal injection
    Result: Upregulated HIF-1α in platelets, decreased ROS generation, and downregulated NOX1 expression.
    Increased the phosphorylation level of VASP (Ser157/239), and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 (Thr180/Tyr182), ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), AKT (Thr308/Ser473), and PKCδ (Thr505) in CRP- or thrombin-stimulated platelets.
    Molecular Weight

    352.34

    Formula

    C19H16N2O5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C(O)CNC(C1=C(O)C2=C(N(CC3=CC=CC=C3)C1=O)C=CC=C2)=O
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 25 mg/mL (70.95 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.8382 mL 14.1908 mL 28.3817 mL
    5 mM 0.5676 mL 2.8382 mL 5.6763 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

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    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.10 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

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    Dosing volume
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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
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    +
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.71%

    SDS (479 KB)

    COA (252 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.8382 mL 14.1908 mL 28.3817 mL 70.9542 mL
    5 mM 0.5676 mL 2.8382 mL 5.6763 mL 14.1908 mL
    10 mM 0.2838 mL 1.4191 mL 2.8382 mL 7.0954 mL
    15 mM 0.1892 mL 0.9461 mL 1.8921 mL 4.7303 mL
    20 mM 0.1419 mL 0.7095 mL 1.4191 mL 3.5477 mL
    25 mM 0.1135 mL 0.5676 mL 1.1353 mL 2.8382 mL
    30 mM 0.0946 mL 0.4730 mL 0.9461 mL 2.3651 mL
    40 mM 0.0710 mL 0.3548 mL 0.7095 mL 1.7739 mL
    50 mM 0.0568 mL 0.2838 mL 0.5676 mL 1.4191 mL
    60 mM 0.0473 mL 0.2365 mL 0.4730 mL 1.1826 mL
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    IOX2 Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    IOX2931398-72-0IOX 2IOX-2HIF/HIF Prolyl-HydroxylaseHypoxia-inducible factorsHIFsHIF-PHInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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