Niacin
Based on 12 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Niacin (Vitamin B3) is an orally active water-soluble B3 vitamin that is an essential nutrient for humans. Niacin (Vitamin B3) plays a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling cascades regulating gene expression and apoptosis. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is also used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.96%
- CAS No.: 59-67-6
- Formula: C6H5NO2
- Molecular Weight:123.11
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Storage:
Store at room temperature 3 years.
In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Niacin
More- Mil Med Res. 2022 Aug 23;9(1):46. [Abstract]
- Mol Cell. 2023 Sep 7;83(17):3171-3187.e7. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Mar 9;20(1):120. [Abstract]
- Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2186114. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Anal. 2026 Mar 19.
- Cell Rep. 2024 Nov 26;43(11):114895. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2023 Mar 2;6(1):235. [Abstract]
- Glia. 2018 Feb;66(2):256-278. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Oct 18;26(20):10132. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 May 21:159:114888. [Abstract]
- Mol Neurobiol. 2024 Nov;61(11):9302-9319. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2023 Mar 29.
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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WB
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WB
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ELISA
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Microbial Metabolite |
Human Endogenous Metabolite |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A-431 | EC50 |
0.73 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Activation of GPR109A in human A431 cells assessed as suppression of forskolin-induced cAMP production after 30 mins
Activation of GPR109A in human A431 cells assessed as suppression of forskolin-induced cAMP production after 30 mins
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[PMID: 26784936] |
| Adipocyte | EC50 |
0.9 μM
Compound: NA
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Inhibition of isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in human subcutaneous adipocytes after 5 hrs
Inhibition of isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in human subcutaneous adipocytes after 5 hrs
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[PMID: 17452318] |
| Adipocyte | IC50 |
0.06 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Antidyslipidemic activity in human adipocytes assessed as inhibition of isoproteranol-induced production of free fatty acids
Antidyslipidemic activity in human adipocytes assessed as inhibition of isoproteranol-induced production of free fatty acids
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[PMID: 20363624] |
| Adipocyte | IC50 |
0.07 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Inhibition of lipolysis in IBMX-stimulated human adipocytes assessed as glycerol release after 5 hrs
Inhibition of lipolysis in IBMX-stimulated human adipocytes assessed as glycerol release after 5 hrs
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[PMID: 19309152] |
| Adipocyte | IC50 |
0.08 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Inhibition of lipolysis in human adipocytes assessed as free glycerol level
Inhibition of lipolysis in human adipocytes assessed as free glycerol level
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[PMID: 20452209] |
| CCRF-CEM | IC50 |
>500 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by coulter counter method
Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by coulter counter method
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[PMID: 28238612] |
| CHO | EC50 |
0.027 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Agonist activity at GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production by HTRF assay
Agonist activity at GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP production by HTRF assay
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[PMID: 20363624] |
| CHO | EC50 |
0.12 μM
Compound: niacin
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Activity at GPR109a in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP generation
Activity at GPR109a in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP generation
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[PMID: 17358052] |
| CHO | EC50 |
1 μM
Compound: nicotinic acid
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Agonist activity at human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
Agonist activity at human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
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[PMID: 18752940] |
| CHO | EC50 |
100 nM
Compound: Nicotinic acid
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Agonist activity at human recombinant GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation
Agonist activity at human recombinant GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation
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[PMID: 24900295] |
| CHO | EC50 |
51 nM
Compound: niacin, Niaspan
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Agonist activity at human GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as decrease in forskolin-stimulated cAMP production by HTRF assay
Agonist activity at human GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as decrease in forskolin-stimulated cAMP production by HTRF assay
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[PMID: 22435740] |
| CHO | EC50 |
99 nM
Compound: NA, niacin
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Agonist activity at human recombinant GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation
Agonist activity at human recombinant GPR109a expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation
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[PMID: 24900372] |
| CHO | IC50 |
0.14 μM
Compound: niacin
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Displacement of [3H]Niacin from human niacin receptor expressed in CHO cells
Displacement of [3H]Niacin from human niacin receptor expressed in CHO cells
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[PMID: 18477506] |
| CHO | IC50 |
0.14 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Displacement of [3H]niacin from human GPR109A expressed in CHO cells
Displacement of [3H]niacin from human GPR109A expressed in CHO cells
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[PMID: 19309152] |
| CHO | IC50 |
0.15 μM
Compound: nicotinic acid
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Displacement of [3H]nicotinic acid from human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO cells
Displacement of [3H]nicotinic acid from human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO cells
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[PMID: 18752940] |
| CHO | IC50 |
1 μM
Compound: niacin
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Agonist activity at human niacin receptor expressed in CHO cells by GTPgammaS binding assay
Agonist activity at human niacin receptor expressed in CHO cells by GTPgammaS binding assay
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[PMID: 18477506] |
| CHO-K1 | EC50 |
1 μM
Compound: niacin
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Agonist activity at human GPR109A expressed in CHOK1 cells by [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding assay
Agonist activity at human GPR109A expressed in CHOK1 cells by [35S]GTP-gamma-S binding assay
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[PMID: 17994679] |
| CHO-K1 | EC50 |
1 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Agonist activity at human GPR109A expressed in CHOK1 cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
Agonist activity at human GPR109A expressed in CHOK1 cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
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[PMID: 19309152] |
| CHO-K1 | EC50 |
1.4 μM
Compound: nicotinic acid
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Agonist activity at human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells by [35S]GTPgammaS guanine nucleotide exchange assay
Agonist activity at human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells by [35S]GTPgammaS guanine nucleotide exchange assay
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[PMID: 18760600] |
| CHO-K1 | EC50 |
47 nM
Compound: Nicotinic acid
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Agonist activity at HCA2 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as ERK1/2 phosphorylation by ELISA
Agonist activity at HCA2 receptor (unknown origin) expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as ERK1/2 phosphorylation by ELISA
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[PMID: 25737085] |
| CHO-K1 | EC50 |
527 nM
Compound: NA
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Agonist activity at cloned human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
Agonist activity at cloned human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
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[PMID: 20184326] |
| CHO-K1 | EC50 |
580 nM
Compound: NA
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Activation of GPR109A receptor in CHOK1 cells assessed as ERK1/2 MAP kinase activation by ELISA
Activation of GPR109A receptor in CHOK1 cells assessed as ERK1/2 MAP kinase activation by ELISA
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[PMID: 17452318] |
| CHO-K1 | IC50 |
0.13 μM
Compound: nicotinic acid
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Displacement of [3H]nicotinic acid from human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells
Displacement of [3H]nicotinic acid from human GPR109A receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells
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[PMID: 18760600] |
| CHO-K1 | IC50 |
67.3 μM
Compound: NA
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Agonist activity at GPR109A receptor expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced intracellular cAMP production by Flashplate assay
Agonist activity at GPR109A receptor expressed in CHOK1 cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced intracellular cAMP production by Flashplate assay
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[PMID: 17452318] |
| COS-7 | EC50 |
0.78 μM
Compound: 3
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Agonist activity at human recombinant GPR109a transfected in african green monkey COS-7 cells after 20 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
Agonist activity at human recombinant GPR109a transfected in african green monkey COS-7 cells after 20 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay
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[PMID: 24900524] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
>500 μM
Compound: niacin
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Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay
Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay
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[PMID: 23241029] |
| HEK-293T | EC50 |
5 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Agonist activity at GPR109A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cell membranes after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding based microbeta scintillation counting analysis
Agonist activity at GPR109A receptor (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cell membranes after 30 mins by [35S]GTPgammaS binding based microbeta scintillation counting analysis
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[PMID: 32199732] |
| HEK-293T | IC50 |
249 nM
Compound: Nicotinic acid
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Displacement of [3H]-nicotinic acid from N-flag-tagged human HCA2 receptor expressed in HEK293T cell membranes by scintillation counting analysis
Displacement of [3H]-nicotinic acid from N-flag-tagged human HCA2 receptor expressed in HEK293T cell membranes by scintillation counting analysis
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[PMID: 25737085] |
| HL-60 | CC50 |
>200 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 28238612] |
| HSC-2 | CC50 |
>200 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Cytotoxicity against human HSC2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HSC2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 28238612] |
| HSC-3 | CC50 |
>200 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Cytotoxicity against human HSC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HSC3 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 28238612] |
| HSC-4 | CC50 |
>200 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Cytotoxicity against human HSC4 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against human HSC4 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 28238612] |
| L1210 | IC50 |
>500 μM
Compound: Niacin
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Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 48 hrs by coulter counter method
Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 48 hrs by coulter counter method
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[PMID: 28238612] |
Niacin (0-900 μM, 42 hours) significantly increases GSH levels and decreases ROS levels, and affects the expression of genes related to apoptosis and lipid metabolism[1].
Niacin (0-40 μM, 24 hours) can inhibit cancer invasive activity at low dose but with no influence on proliferation[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Cumulus cells and oocytes of prepubertal gilts
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Concentration:600 μM
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Incubation Time:42 hours
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Result:Up-regulated the relative expression of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 and lipid metabolism gene ACACA while down-regulated the pro-apoptotic gene BAX.
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Cell Line:Rat ascites hepatoma cell line of AH109A
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Concentration:0-40 μM
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Incubation Time:24 hours
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Result:Had no effect on the proliferation of AH109A cells but suppressed cell invasion from 2.5 μM to 40 μM.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male C57BL/6 mice[3]
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Dosage:3-300 mg/kg
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Administration:Subcutaneous injection; once
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Result:Induced vasodilation in a dose-dependent manner.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 59-67-6
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 123.11
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Formula C6H5NO2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(C1=CC=CN=C1)O
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Synonyms
Nicotinic acid; Vitamin B3
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Structure Classification
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Store at room temperature 3 years
In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (12)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Mil Med Res
Propionate and butyrate attenuate macrophage pyroptosis and osteoclastogenesis induced by CoCrMo alloy particles. [Abstract]2022 Aug 23;9(1):46. PMID: 35996168
Niacin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mil Med Res. 2022 Aug 23;9(1):46. [Abstract]
BMDMs (LPS-primed) were treated with propionate (C3, 3 mmol/L), butyrate (C4, 0.5 mmol/L), TSA (50 nmol/L), Panobinostat (25 nmol/L), AR42062 (25 μmol/L), 4-CMTB (100 μmol/L), and niacin (1 mmol/L; 6 h) and then stimulated with CoCrMo alloy particles.
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Mol Cell
2023 Sep 7;83(17):3171-3187.e7. PMID: 37597514 -
J Nanobiotechnology
The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate alleviates CoCrMo alloy particles induced osteolysis by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome and osteoclast differentiation. [Abstract]2022 Mar 9;20(1):120. PMID: 35264201
Niacin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Mar 9;20(1):120. [Abstract]
BMDMs (LPS-primed) were treated with different doses of BHB, Niacin (100 μM; 6 h), TSA (50 nM), and LBH589 (25 nM) and stimulated with CoCrMo particles. Supernatants were collected for Caspase-1 and IL-1β detection by western blot.
Niacin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Mar 9;20(1):120. [Abstract]
BMDMs (LPS-primed) were treated with different doses of BHB, Niacin (100 μM; 6 h), TSA (50 nM), and LBH589 (25 nM) and stimulated with CoCrMo particles. IL-1β was analyzed by ELISA in the supernatants.
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Gut Microbes
2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2186114. PMID: 36941257 -
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Cell Rep
Structural basis for ligand recognition of the human hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor HCAR3. [Abstract]2024 Nov 26;43(11):114895. PMID: 39427321 -
Commun Biol
Bacterial PncA improves diet-induced NAFLD in mice by enabling the transition from nicotinamide to nicotinic acid. [Abstract]2023 Mar 2;6(1):235. PMID: 36864222
Niacin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Commun Biol. 2023 Mar 2;6(1):235. [Abstract]
Niacin (400 mg/kg/day). Body weight of mice during the experiment after supplementation with the MCD diet decreased gradually.
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Glia
The ketone body metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate induces an antidepression-associated ramification of microglia via HDACs inhibition-triggered Akt-small RhoGTPase activation. [Abstract]2018 Feb;66(2):256-278. PMID: 29058362
Niacin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Glia. 2018 Feb;66(2):256-278. [Abstract]
Representative images and quantitative analysis showing the effects of Niacin (1 mM, 10 min) and MK-6892 (10 lM, 10 min) on Akt phosphorylation levels in primary cultured microglia.
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Int J Mol Sci
2025 Oct 18;26(20):10132. PMID: 41155424
Niacin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Oct 18;26(20):10132. [Abstract]
Seven-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were shaved and treated topically with vehicle, 3% rebamipide, 0.5% niacin (NA, lipolysis inhibitor), 0.05% rosiglitazone (RSG, PPARγ agonist), or combination therapies for 26 days (n = 6 for each group). Photographs were taken on day 26 post-treatment. H&E staining of skin sections revealed hair follicle morphology. Ki67 immunofluorescent staining showed that rebamipide-induced hair regeneration was inhibited by NA and RSG.
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Int Immunopharmacol
Early-life antibiotic dysbiosis impairs microbial tryptophan- nicotinic acid metabolism exacerbating food allergy in adulthood. [Abstract]2025 May 21:159:114888. PMID: 40403504 -
Mol Neurobiol
Brain Immune Cell Infiltration and Serum Metabolomic Characteristics Reveal that Lauric Acid Promotes Immune Cell Infiltration in Brain and Streptococcus suis Meningitis in Mice. [Abstract]2024 Nov;61(11):9302-9319. PMID: 38625620 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (406.14 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 10 mg/mL (81.23 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (16.90 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (16.90 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 12.5 mg/mL (101.54 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Areeg M Almubarak, et al. Supplementation with Niacin during in vitro maturation improves the quality of porcine embryos. Theriogenology. 2021 Jul 15;169:36-46. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 18. [Content Brief]
[2]. Nobuhiro Hirakawa, et al. Anti-invasive activity of niacin and trigonelline against cancer cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Mar;69(3):653-8. [Content Brief]
[3]. Kang Cheng, et al. Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 suppresses nicotinic acid-induced vasodilation in mice and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 25;103(17):6682-7. [Content Brief]
[4]. Bruckert E, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of nicotinic acid alone or in combination on cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jun;210(2):353-61. [Content Brief]
[5]. Wan P, et al. Pellagra: a review with emphasis on photosensitivity. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Jun;164(6):1188-200. [Content Brief]
[6]. Ishii N, et al. Pellagra among chronic alcoholics: clinical and pathological study of 20 necropsy cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981 Mar;44(3):209-15. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 8.1228 mL | 40.6141 mL | 81.2282 mL | 203.0704 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.6246 mL | 8.1228 mL | 16.2456 mL | 40.6141 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8123 mL | 4.0614 mL | 8.1228 mL | 20.3070 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.5415 mL | 2.7076 mL | 5.4152 mL | 13.5380 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.4061 mL | 2.0307 mL | 4.0614 mL | 10.1535 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.3249 mL | 1.6246 mL | 3.2491 mL | 8.1228 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2708 mL | 1.3538 mL | 2.7076 mL | 6.7690 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.2031 mL | 1.0154 mL | 2.0307 mL | 5.0768 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1625 mL | 0.8123 mL | 1.6246 mL | 4.0614 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1354 mL | 0.6769 mL | 1.3538 mL | 3.3845 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.1015 mL | 0.5077 mL | 1.0154 mL | 2.5384 mL | |
| DMSO | 100 mM | 0.0812 mL | 0.4061 mL | 0.8123 mL | 2.0307 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.