2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

Related Products

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-162761
    COX-1/2-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    COX-1/2-IN-9 (Compound 3n) is a potent and selective inhibitor of COX-1/2, with IC50 values of 0.031 µM and 0.01 µM, respectively. COX-1/2-IN-9 possesses both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, effectively inhibiting MRSA 1478 (MIC=50 μg/mL) and multidrug-resistant S. lentus (MIC=50 μg/mL). COX-1/2-IN-9 holds significant potential to alleviate MRSA-induced pneumonia in immunocompromised states.
    COX-1/2-IN-9
  • HY-105304
    COX-2-IN-36
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-36 (compound 1) is a very potent and specific COX-2 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.4 μM.
    COX-2-IN-36
  • HY-B0574S1
    Mefenamic Acid-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Mefenamic Acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled Mefenamic acid. Mefenamic acid is a BBB-permeable non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, acting as a competitive inhibitor of hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, with IC50s of 40 nM and 3 μM for hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, respectively.
    Mefenamic Acid-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-139129
    N-(3-Pyridyl)indomethacinamide
    		Inhibitor
    N-(3-Pyridyl)indomethacinamide is a derivative of Indomethacin (HY-14397). N-(3-Pyridyl)indomethacinamide is a COX2 inhibitor.
    N-(3-Pyridyl)indomethacinamide
  • HY-139433
    6-Hydroxy etodolac
    		Control
    6-Hydroxy etodolac (compound 2) is a metabolite of Etodolac (HY-76251). Etodolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound and is a COX inhibitor.
    6-Hydroxy etodolac
  • HY-B0760S1
    Fenofibric acid-13C8
    		Inhibitor
    Fenofibric acid-13C8 (FNF acid-13C8) is 13C labeled Fenofibric acid. Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of fenofibrate, is a PPAR activitor, with EC50s of 22.4 μM, 1.47 μM, and 1.06 μM for PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ, respectively; Fenofibric acid also inhibits COX-2 enzyme activity, with an IC50 of 48 nM.
    Fenofibric acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-U00175R
    Pamicogrel (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Pamicogrel (KBT3022) is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor.
    Pamicogrel (Standard)
  • HY-119167
    Lotifazole
    Lotifazole (F 1686) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Lotifazole exhibits specific inhibition of delayed-type hypersensitivity and does not rely on the prostaglandin synthesis inhibition pathway at low doses. Lotifazole shows significant efficacy in treating paw edema induced by carrageenan in rats, erythema induced by ultraviolet radiation in guinea pigs, and pleurisy at high doses. Lotifazole can be used for the study of T-cell-mediated diseases.
    Lotifazole
  • HY-124351
    5'-Hydroxy meloxicam
    		Control
    5'-Hydroxy meloxicam is a metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Meloxicam (HY-B0261).
    5'-Hydroxy meloxicam
  • HY-15030S1
    Naproxen-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.14%
    Naproxen-d3 ((S)-Naproxen-d3) is the deuterium labeled Naproxen (HY-15030). Naproxen is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 8.72 and 5.15 μM, respectively in cell assay.
    Naproxen-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B0360S
    Rebamipide-d4
    		Activator 99.0%
    Rebamipide-d4 is deuterium labeled Rebamipide. Rebamipide is a mucoprotective agent. Rebamipide induces COX-2 expression, increases PGE2 levels, and enhances gastric mucosal defense in a COX-2-dependent manner.
    Rebamipide-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-Y0694R
    2',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    2',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Resacetophenone) is acetophenone carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 4'. 2',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone involves in a practical CsHCO3-mediated alkylation that efficiently provide 4-alkylated products with excellent regioselectivity, good isolated yields and a broad substrate scope. 2',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone is a plant metabolite.
    2',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Standard)
  • HY-138164
    Cafestol palmitate
    		Inhibitor
    Cafestol palmitate is an active constituent of green coffee beans. Cafestol palmitate can enhance glutathione S-transferase activity in the mouse. Cafestol palmitate also exhibits weak COX-2 inhibitory activity.
    Cafestol palmitate
  • HY-162044
    COX-1/2-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    COX-1/2-IN-6 (compound 4 h) is a potent dual inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 68 and 91 nM, respectively. COX-1/2-IN-6 can used in study inflammation diseases.
    COX-1/2-IN-6
  • HY-N2609R
    7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (Standard)
    7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid, which can be isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone is eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor and CBR1 inhibitor (IC50=0.28 μM). 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2.7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 µM.
    7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (Standard)
  • HY-W011849R
    Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (HY-W011849). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside is a component isolated from Phellodendron amurense, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production, and the expression of iNOS and COX-2. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside also inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related genes.
    Phenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (Standard)
  • HY-W010144R
    Phenidone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Phenidone, an orally active dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX), ameliorates rat paralysis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Phenidone is a potent hypotensive agent in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Phenidone is used as a photographic developer.
    Phenidone (Standard)
  • HY-18763R
    Indobufen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Indobufen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indobufen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indobufen is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. Indobufen is a reversible platelet cyclooxygenase (Cox) activity inhibitor. Indobufen suppresses thromboxane A2 (TxA2) synthesis. Indobufen down-regulates tissue factor (TF) in monocytes.
    Indobufen (Standard)
  • HY-13913R
    NS-398 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    NS-398 (Standard) is the analytical standard of NS-398. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. NS-398 is a non-steroidal an-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic effects, and selectively inhibits prostaglandin G/H synthase 2/cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) activity, with an IC50 of 3.8 μM, and has no effect on COX-1 at 100 μM.
    NS-398 (Standard)
  • HY-B1888BR
    Bromfenac sodium hydrate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Bromfenac (sodium hydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bromfenac (sodium hydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bromfenac sodium hydrate (Bromfenac monosodium salt sesquihydrate) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 5.56 and 7.45 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Bromfenac sodium hydrate can be used in ocular inflammation research.
    Bromfenac sodium hydrate (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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