2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0152BR
    Adenine hemisulfate (Standard)
    Adenine (hemisulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Adenine (hemisulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Adenine hemisulfate (6-Aminopurine hemisulfate), a purine, is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA. Adenine hemisulfate acts as a chemical component of DNA and RNA. Adenine hemisulfate also plays an important role in biochemistry involved in cellular respiration, the form of both ATP and the cofactors (NAD and FAD), and protein synthesis.
    Adenine hemisulfate (Standard)
  • HY-N0420S3
    Succinic acid-13C2
    		99.0%
    Butanedioic acid-13C2 is the 13C labeled Succinic acid[1]. Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[2][3].
    Succinic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-W040154R
    Cyclic N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (Standard)
    Cyclic N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (Cyclic ManNAc) is an endogenous metabolite.
    Cyclic N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (Standard)
  • HY-N0215S
    L-Phenylalanine-d7
    		99.90%
    L-Phenylalanine-d7 is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.
    L-Phenylalanine-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-113089AR
    Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine TFA (Standard)
    Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (TFA) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (TFA). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine (H-Glu(H-Lys-OH)-OH) TFA is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative. The enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) helps the formation of epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in some disease, such as non-diabetic kidney, glaucoma filtration.
    Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine TFA (Standard)
  • HY-168398
    9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHODE
    9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHODE is a plant oxylipin and trihydroxylated fatty acid. 9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHODE can be used in research on bacterial infection and fungal infection.
    9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHODE
  • HY-A0116R
    Trandolaprilate (Standard)
    Trandolaprilate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trandolaprilate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trandolaprilate is a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Trandolaprilate partially inhibits angiotensin-I-mediated c-fos induction. Trandolaprilate is main bioactive metabolite of Trandolapril. Trandolaprilate shows high lipophilicity.
    Trandolaprilate (Standard)
  • HY-157620
    18:0 Lyso PS sodium
    		99.6%
    18:0 Lyso PS sodium is a bioactive molecule with the activity of promoting cell signaling. 18:0 Lyso PS sodium plays an important role in regulating the fluidity and integrity of cell membranes. 18:0 Lyso PS sodium is widely used in lipidomics research to analyze lipid metabolism in cells.
    18:0 Lyso PS sodium
  • HY-W654243
    Isovalerylcarnitine-d9-1 chloride
    		99.55%
    Isovalerylcarnitine-d9-1 (chloride) is deuterium labeled Isovalerylcarnitine (chloride). Isovalerylcarnitine chloride, a product of the catabolism of L-leucine, is a potent activator of the Ca2+-dependent proteinase (calpain) of human neutrophils.
    Isovalerylcarnitine-d<sub>9</sub>-1 chloride
  • HY-Y0504S4
    Trimethylammonium chloride-d6
    		99.35%
    Trimethylammonium chloride-d6 is the deuterium labeled Trimethylammonium chloride. Trimethylammonium chloride is an endogenous metabolite.
    Trimethylammonium chloride-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-W834359
    (±)-Longamide
    		99.20%
    (±)-Longamide is a polycyclic bioactive metabolite isolated from sponges that has several bromopyrrole fragments, as well as a weak inhibitor of IDO1.
    (±)-Longamide
  • HY-W012836R
    4-Ethylphenol (Standard)
    4-Ethylphenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 4-Ethylphenol (HY-W012836). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a phenolic compound that can be synthesized by intestinal flora. 4-Ethylphenol will be converted to 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (HY-W674241) by Lactobacillus plantarum.
    4-Ethylphenol (Standard)
  • HY-B0941R
    6-Benzylaminopurine (Standard)
    6-Benzylaminopurine (Standard) is the analytical standard of 6-Benzylaminopurine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 6-Benzylaminopurine (Benzyladenine) is a cytokinin that causes plant growth and development by stimulating cell division and inhibiting respiratory kinases, thereby prolonging the preservation of green vegetables.
    6-Benzylaminopurine (Standard)
  • HY-N6726
    Fumonisin B3
    		99.51%
    Fumonisin B3 is an orally active fumonisin Mycotoxin. Fumonisin B3 can be isolated from Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium nygamai. Fumonisin B3 induces precancerous lesions, triggers embryonic death of chicken embryos, causes severe hemorrhage in dead chicken embryos. Fumonisin B3 can be used in studies related to hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Fumonisin B3
  • HY-B2130AR
    Uric acid sodium (Standard)
    Uric acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Uric acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Uric acid sodium (Monosodium urate), scavenger of oxygen radical, is a very important antioxidant that help maintains the stability of blood pressure and antioxidant stress. Uric acid sodium can remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite, inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
    Uric acid sodium (Standard)
  • HY-W017140
    2-Sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine
    		99.71%
    2-Sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine (SBMP) is a methoxypyrazine and can be identified in the ladybug species.
    2-Sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine
  • HY-W012078R
    5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (Standard)
    5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5mdC) is an endogenous substrate of DNA methyltransferases (such as mammalian 5-C-MTase) and binds to DNA dependent on the formation of DNA stem-loop structures. 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine guides de novo DNA methylation by acting as a methylation mark and activates the methylation of adjacent CpG sites in single-stranded DNA through cis action. 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine regulates DNA methylation patterns by recruiting methyltransferases to specific chromatin regions, affecting chromatin condensation and gene expression. Its distribution in plant cells is related to cell proliferation and differentiation stages. The methylation level of 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine is low in proliferating cells and high in differentiated cells.
    5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (Standard)
  • HY-N10631
    Paucimannose
    Paucimannose is a mannosidic N-glycan epitope. It acts as a carcinoembryonic antigen, and a marker for cancer, stem cell properties and inflammation. Paucimannose mainly exists in plants and invertebrates. It consists of oligomannose-type N-glycans that preferentially bind to mannose-binding lectin. Paucimannose localizes on the surface of resting cells and translocates upon cell activation. It can be used in studies related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, cancer and pancreatitis.
    Paucimannose
  • HY-N0138R
    Theobromine (Standard)
    Theobromine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Theobromine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Theobromine is a methylxanthine found in cacao beans which can inhibit adenosine receptor A1 (AR1) signaling.
    Theobromine (Standard)
  • HY-128788A
    ddhCTP trisodium solution (100 mM)
    ddhCTP trisodium solution (100 mM) is an endogenously produced pyrimidine base analog with a Kd of 17.0 nM for LLDH and an IC50 of 55.8 μM for GAPDH. By inhibiting key metabolic enzymes such as GAPDH, ddhCTP trisodium reduces glycolytic flux and shifts metabolic flow toward the pentose phosphate pathway, thereby regulating the redox balance of cells. As a competitive CTP analog, ddhCTP trisodium terminates RNA synthesis by flavivirus RdRps and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, and inhibits Zika virus replication in vivo. ddhCTP trisodium can be used in studies related to viral infections, COVID-19 and Zika virus infections.
    ddhCTP trisodium solution (100 mM)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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