2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-111355
    Cholesterol sulfate
    		99.71%
    Cholesterol sulfate is a naturally occurring, orally active cholesterol derivative that is widely distributed in various tissues and body fluids. Cholesterol sulfate acts as a DOCK2 inhibitor, with IC50 values of 2 μM and 2.9 μM against mouse and human targets, respectively. Cholesterol sulfate restricts excessive neutrophil infiltration and alleviates intestinal inflammation and damage. Cholesterol sulfate serves as an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), which promotes squamous cell differentiation and inhibits skin carcinogenesis. Cholesterol sulfate regulates cholesterol homeostasis and cellular metabolism by activating the AMPK-Sirt1 pathway. Cholesterol sulfate can be used in research related to actinic keratitis, ulcerative colitis, skin cancer, and other conditions.
    Cholesterol sulfate
  • HY-N0437S
    Progesterone-d9
    		99.97%
    Progesterone-d9 is the deuterium labeled Progesterone. Progesterone is a steroid hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and is crucial for pregnancy.
    Progesterone-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-129974
    3,3'-Diiodo-L-thyronine
    3,3'-Diiodo-L-thyronine (3,3'-T2) is an endogenous metabolite of thyroid hormone. 3,3'-Diiodo-L-thyronine significantly enhances COX activity.
    3,3'-Diiodo-L-thyronine
  • HY-76847R
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid (Standard)
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chenodeoxycholic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid (Standard)
  • HY-W004661
    1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol
    		99.87%
    1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol is an endogenous metabolite.
    1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol
  • HY-W016887
    Glycyl-L-proline
    		99.88%
    Glycyl-L-proline (H-Gly-Pro-OH) is a dipeptide. Glycyl-L-proline can induce MCF-7 cells apoptosis. Glycyl-L-proline can enhance the inhibitory effect of the PRODH/POX knockout on collagen and DNA biosynthesis. Glycyl-L-proline can inhibit Gly-Sar and L-proline transport. Glycyl-L-proline can be used for the researches of cancer and metabolic disease, such as breast cancer.
    Glycyl-L-proline
  • HY-W019940
    2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol
    		99.70%
    2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2M4VP), a naturally Germination inhibitor, exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects.
    2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol
  • HY-113295
    Salicyluric acid
    		99.79%
    Salicyluric acid is an endogenous metabolite.
    Salicyluric acid
  • HY-N0543S
    Allantoin-13C2,15N4
    		99.90%
    Allantoin-13C2,15N4 is the 13C and 15N labeled Allantoin. Allantoin is a skin conditioning agent that promotes healthy skin, stimulates new and healthy tissue growth.
    Allantoin-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-19480
    Ulodesine
    		99.32%
    Ulodesine is a purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor. Ulodesine inhibits PNP with IC50 value of 2.293 nM/L. Ulodesine can be used for the research of hyporucicemia.
    Ulodesine
  • HY-113345
    Zymostenol
    		99.33%
    Zymostenol (5a-Cholest-8-en-3b-ol) is a late-stage precursor in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Zymostenol is a RORγ agonist (EC50: 1 μM).
    Zymostenol
  • HY-B0355
    Ginkgolide A
    		99.07%
    Ginkgolide A (BN-52020) is an extract from in Ginkgo biloba and a g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist.
    Ginkgolide A
  • HY-W001080R
    3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid (Standard)
    3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid is the main neuronal metabolite of dopamine.
    3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N0473S3
    L-Tyrosine-13C9
    		99.81%
    L-Tyrosine-13C9 is the 13C-labeled L-Tyrosine. L-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid which can inhibit citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex.
    L-Tyrosine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-N2362
    DL-Alanine
    		98.0%
    DL-alanine, an orally active amino acid, is the racemic compound of L- and D-alanine. DL-alanine is employed both as a reducing and a capping agent, used with silver nitrate aqueous solutions for the production of nanoparticles. DL-alanine can be used for the research of transition metals chelation, such as Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(11). DL-alanine, a sweetener, is classed together with glycine and sodium saccharin. DL-alanine plays a key role in the glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and liver.
    DL-Alanine
  • HY-18569R
    3-Indoleacetic acid (standard)
    3-Indoleacetic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Indoleacetic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Indoleacetic acid is is an IAA hormone and growth regulator that can promote plant nutritional growth through processes such as cell expansion, differentiation, morphogenesis, and organogenesis.
    3-Indoleacetic acid (standard)
  • HY-129297
    CMPF
    		99.64%
    CMPF can be found in trace constituent of urine and blood. CMPF is a biomarker of type 2 diabetes. CMPF can act on the β cell and induces impaired mitochondrial function. CMPF decreases glucose-induced ATP accumulation, and induces oxidative stress. CMPF reverses hepatic lipid accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice.
    CMPF
  • HY-N0469R
    L-Lysine (Standard)
    L-Lysine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Lysine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-lysine is an essential amino acid for humans with orally activity. L-lysine can inhibit the occurrence of HSV infections and is used in herpes research. L-lysine increases calcium absorption, reduces diabetes-related diseases, improves gut health, and alleviates pancreatic inflammation. L-lysine can be used in research on metabolism, infection, and inflammation. IC50 & Target:L-lysine (150 mg/kg) promotes, but not initiates, bladder cancer. The administration of L-lysine to rats submitted to colovesical cystoplasty accelerates the development of transitional metaplasia of the intestinal epithelium.
    L-lysine (10 mg/kg) treatment attenuates pancreatic tissue injury induced by L-arginine by inhibiting the release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and enhance antioxidant activity. In Vivo:L-lysine (10?mg/kg, p.o., pre-treated or post-treated, administration duration 15 days) treatment attenuates pancreatic tissue injury induced by L-arginine by inhibiting the release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and enhance antioxidant activity in acute pancreatitis mice model. L-lysine (5 or 10?mg/kg, p.o., 45 days) ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury in a lipopolysaccharide (HY-D1056)-induced mouse model.
    L-Lysine (Standard)
  • HY-B1745A
    Pyridoxylamine dihydrochloride
    		99.92%
    Pyridoxylamine dihydrochloride is an advanced glycation end production (AGEs) and lipoxidation end products (ALEs) inhibitor, to protect against diabetes-induced retinal vascular lesions.
    Pyridoxylamine dihydrochloride
  • HY-W013935
    Bisphenol B
    		99.34%
    Bisphenol B is a close structural analog of Bisphenol A (BPA) (HY-18260). Bisphenol B is a potent, orally active endocrine disruptor (ED). Bisphenol B binds to G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) (IC50 = 3.3 μM) with higher affinity and agonistic activity than BPA. Bisphenol B promotes GPER mediated cell migration. Bisphenol B exerts estrogenic effects via GPER pathway at nanomolar concentration. Bisphenol B is used in the manufacture of polycarbonate resin with ED properties.
    Bisphenol B
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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