Pioglitazone hydrochloride
Based on 47 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a potent and selective PPARγ agonist with EC50s of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.97%
- CAS No.: 112529-15-4
- Formula: C19H21ClN2O3S
- Molecular Weight:392.90
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Pioglitazone hydrochloride
More- Cell Metab. 2021 Mar 2;33(3):581-597.e9. [Abstract]
- Cell Stem Cell. 2022 Sep 1;29(9):1366-1381.e9. [Abstract]
- Cancer Res. 2022 Apr 15;82(8):1503-1517. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2026 Mar 31;20(12):10108-10126. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Sep 10;16(1):8215. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 11:e08957. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec 25:e2407134. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Nov;11(44):e2401931. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2026 Feb 24.
- J Adv Res. 2025 Aug:74:429-442. [Abstract]
- Gut Microbes. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2139978. [Abstract]
- Sci China Chem. 2025 Jun 30.
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Jan;42(1):160-170. [Abstract]
- Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Jun;178(11):2305-2323. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Oct:240:117120. [Abstract]
- Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(1):251-283. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Nov 29:340:119128. [Abstract]
- Immunology. 2023 Jul;169(3):271-291. [Abstract]
- Inflammation. 2020 Apr;43(2):568-578. [Abstract]
- Int J Oncol. 2018 Aug;53(2):551-566. [Abstract]
- Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2026 Mar;1557(1):e70224. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 15:1003:177943. [Abstract]
- Biol Proced Online. 2025 Jun 16;27(1):21. [Abstract]
- Exp Neurol. 2026 May:399:115667. [Abstract]
- Poult Sci. 2026 Jan 18;105(4):106481. [Abstract]
- iScience. 2026 Mar 5;29(4):115247. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2021 Jun 1;320(6):H2222-H2239. [Abstract]
- Nutr Metab. 2019 Mar 5:16:17. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 31. [Abstract]
- Biochem Eng J. 2021, 108104.
- Heliyon. 2023 Apr 1;9(4):e15146. [Abstract]
- Mol Med Rep. 2024 Nov;30(5):209. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Jun:152:112183. [Abstract]
- Mol Med Rep. 2019 Jan;19(1):400-406. [Abstract]
- BMC Complement Med Ther. 2022 Jul 1;22(1):176. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 Jul 1;317(1):F137-F151. [Abstract]
- J Diabetes Res. 2019 Feb 3:2019:5245063. [Abstract]
- Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2021 Dec;43(6):704-712. [Abstract]
- PLoS One. 2025 Dec 12;20(12):e0337906. [Abstract]
- J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 May:229:106265. [Abstract]
- Med Sci Monit. 2019 Nov 13;25:8544-8553. [Abstract]
- SSRN. 2025 Jul 8.
- Res Sq. 2024 Jul 12.
- Tunku Abdul Rahman University. 2024 Mar 11.
- SSRN. 2023 May 30.
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Dec 5:2022:2226168. [Abstract]
- Research Square Preprint. 2021 Mar.
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WB
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IF
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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RT-PCR
Biological Activity
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PPARδ 0.01 μM (EC50, Human PPARδ) |
PPARα 0.93 μM (EC50, Human PPARα) |
PPARγ 43 μM (EC50, Human PPARγ) |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | EC50 |
7.6 μM
Compound: 2
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Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonistic activity in HepG2 cells.
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonistic activity in HepG2 cells.
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[PMID: 10714503] |
AGEs-induced beta cell necrosis is completely abrogated by adding Pioglitazone to the AGEs culture medium. Furthermore Pioglitazone completely prevented any AGEs-induced increment in caspase-3 activation, thereby restoring caspase-3 activity to the same levels as the control cells. As expected AG is able to counteract AGEs-induced impaired viability[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 112529-15-4
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 392.90
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Formula C19H21ClN2O3S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CCC1=CN=C(CCOC2=CC=C(CC3C(NC(S3)=O)=O)C=C2)C=C1.Cl
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Synonyms
U 72107A; AD 4833
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (47)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Metab
2021 Mar 2;33(3):581-597.e9. PMID: 33440166 -
Cell Stem Cell
Hepatic cytochrome P450 8B1 and cholic acid potentiate intestinal epithelial injury in colitis by suppressing intestinal stem cell renewal. [Abstract]2022 Sep 1;29(9):1366-1381.e9. PMID: 36055192
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Stem Cell. 2022 Sep 1;29(9):1366-1381.e9. [Abstract]
Crypts isolated from Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2 mice were cultured with CA together with/without 100 μM WY14643/ 10 μM Pioglitazone/ 1 μM GW501516 for 6 days. Representative staining pattern of Lgr5+ cells.
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Cancer Res
Disrupting Circadian Rhythm via the PER1-HK2 Axis Reverses Trastuzumab Resistance in Gastric Cancer. [Abstract]2022 Apr 15;82(8):1503-1517. PMID: 35255118 -
ACS Nano
Cellular Adaptive Component-Mediated Targeting of Chylomicron-Mimic Nanoemulsion to Hepatic Stellate Cells for Liver Fibrosis. [Abstract]2026 Mar 31;20(12):10108-10126. PMID: 41830798 -
Nat Commun
Modulating the PPARγ pathway upregulates NECTIN4 and enhances chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in bladder cancer. [Abstract]2025 Sep 10;16(1):8215. PMID: 40931013
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Sep 10;16(1):8215. [Abstract]
Western blot for NECTIN4 and HPGD in RT112 cells treated with T0070907, Rosiglitazone, and Pioglitazone (1 μM, 72 h).
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Mitochondrial CISD1 Modulates Microglial Metabolic Reprogramming to Drive Stress Susceptibility in Mice. [Abstract]2025 Nov 11:e08957. PMID: 41215712
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 11:e08957. [Abstract]
Experimental timelines for behavioral testing following Pioglitazone (15-30 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment. Typical heat plot , social interaction ratio, time in interaction zone.
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 11:e08957. [Abstract]
The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines Il1b and Il6 decreased in the mPFC from control‐GFP, SUS‐GFP, control‐Pioglitazone and SUS‐Pioglitazone (15-30 mg/kg, p.o.) mice.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Fatty Acid Oxidation-Glycolysis Metabolic Transition Affects ECM Homeostasis in Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. [Abstract]2024 Dec 25:e2407134. PMID: 39721015
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec 25:e2407134. [Abstract]
Decreased expression of collagen I in activated fibroblasts was consistently shown through immunofluorescence staining after administering 3PO and Pioglitazone (10, 20, 30 μM).
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec 25:e2407134. [Abstract]
Histopathological analysis of mouse lung tissue revealed that treatment with Pioglitazone (10, 20, 30 μM) partially mitigated lung fibrosis, although collagen deposits persisted.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
The Thyroid Hormone Analog GC-1 Mitigates Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting M1 Macrophage Polarization. [Abstract]2024 Nov;11(44):e2401931. PMID: 39373388 -
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J Adv Res
Gastrodin attenuates high fructose-induced sweet taste preference decrease by inhibiting hippocampal neural stem cell ferroptosis. [Abstract]2025 Aug:74:429-442. PMID: 39353531 -
Gut Microbes
FABP4 in Paneth cells regulates antimicrobial protein expression to reprogram gut microbiota. [Abstract]2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2139978. PMID: 36519446 -
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Acta Pharmacol Sin
2021 Jan;42(1):160-170. PMID: 32541921 -
Br J Pharmacol
2021 Jun;178(11):2305-2323. PMID: 33591571 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Dual inhibition of EGR1/STAT3 transcriptional hubs suppresses macrophage-driven liver fibrosis: A multi-omics-guided drug repurposing strategy. [Abstract]2025 Oct:240:117120. PMID: 40623460 -
Am J Chin Med
Berberine Inhibited SASP-Related Inflammation through RXRα/PPARγ/NEDD4 Pathway in Atherosclerosis. [Abstract]2025;53(1):251-283. PMID: 39829230 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Serum metabolomics and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveal the role of puerarin in alleviating bone loss aggravated by antidiabetic agent pioglitazone in type 2 diabetic mice. [Abstract]2024 Nov 29:340:119128. PMID: 39617084 -
Immunology
Inactivation of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation and gout development via metabolic reprogramming. [Abstract]2023 Jul;169(3):271-291. PMID: 36708143 -
Inflammation
Pioglitazone Attenuates Experimental Colitis-Associated Hyperalgesia through Improving the Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction. [Abstract]2020 Apr;43(2):568-578. PMID: 31989391
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Inflammation. 2020 Apr;43(2):568-578. [Abstract]
Colonic lysates of CON + Veh, DSS + Veh, and DSS + PIO (day 7, day 14, and day 21) group mice are analyzed by immunoblotting with IL-6, TNF-α, MMP9, and PPARγ antibodies, respectively. Each lane represents one mouse.
Pioglitazone hydrochloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Inflammation. 2020 Apr;43(2):568-578. [Abstract]
Colonic lysates of CON + Veh, DSS + Veh, and DSS + PIO (day 7, day 14, and day 21) group mice are analyzed by immunoblotting with p-ERK, ERK, p-P65, and P65 antibodies, respectively. Each lane represents one mouse.
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Int J Oncol
lncRNA Ftx promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumor progression through the PPARγ pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2018 Aug;53(2):551-566. PMID: 29845188 -
Ann N Y Acad Sci
The TRIB1-PPARγ Axis Regulates Cholesterol Metabolism in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2026 Mar;1557(1):e70224. PMID: 41774091 -
Eur J Pharmacol
2025 Sep 15:1003:177943. PMID: 40653078 -
Biol Proced Online
Establishment of a mouse lung cancer organoid model and its applications for therapeutic screening. [Abstract]2025 Jun 16;27(1):21. PMID: 40524168 -
Exp Neurol
Exosomes-mediated delivery of miR-27a-3p antagomir alleviates white matter injury by regulating PPARγ/PRDX1/JNK pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. [Abstract]2026 May:399:115667. PMID: 41581691 -
Poult Sci
Three alternative promoters govern PGC-1α expression in chicken and are directly repressed by PPARγ. [Abstract]2026 Jan 18;105(4):106481. PMID: 41610606 -
iScience
2026 Mar 5;29(4):115247. PMID: 41907401 -
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
Periostin promotes arterial calcification through PPARγ-related glucose metabolism reprogramming. [Abstract]2021 Jun 1;320(6):H2222-H2239. PMID: 33834866 -
Nutr Metab
Aerobic exercise decreases chemerin/CMKLR1 in the serum and peripheral metabolic organs of obesity and diabetes rats by increasing PPARγ. [Abstract]2019 Mar 5:16:17. PMID: 30873215 -
Sci Rep
Pomolic acid alleviates CCl4‑induced liver fibrosis in mice by suppressing β-arrestin 2-mediated pro-fibrotic macrophage polarization. [Abstract]2026 Mar 31. PMID: 41917130 -
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Heliyon
Combined therapy with pioglitazone and FGF21 mRNA synergistically ameliorates metabolic disorders in NAFLD rats. [Abstract]2023 Apr 1;9(4):e15146. PMID: 37123911 -
Mol Med Rep
PDCD4 promotes inflammation/fibrosis by activating the PPAR‑γ/NF‑κB pathway in mouse atrial myocytes. [Abstract]2024 Nov;30(5):209. PMID: 39301631 -
Food Chem Toxicol
PPAR-γ with its anti-fibrotic action could serve as an effective therapeutic target in T-2 toxin-induced cardiac fibrosis of rats. [Abstract]2021 Jun:152:112183. PMID: 33836209 -
Mol Med Rep
2019 Jan;19(1):400-406. PMID: 30483779 -
BMC Complement Med Ther
Luteolin alleviates inflammation and autophagy of hippocampus induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by activating PPAR gamma in rats. [Abstract]2022 Jul 1;22(1):176. PMID: 35778706 -
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
Pioglitazone decreased renal calcium oxalate crystal formation by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization via the PPAR-γ-miR-23 axis. [Abstract]2019 Jul 1;317(1):F137-F151. PMID: 31091119 -
J Diabetes Res
Pioglitazone Ameliorates Atorvastatin-Induced Islet Cell Dysfunction through Activation of FFA1 in INS-1 Cells. [Abstract]2019 Feb 3:2019:5245063. PMID: 30863781 -
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol
Mechanism of neuroprotective effect of stevioside on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via PPAR-γ activation. [Abstract]2021 Dec;43(6):704-712. PMID: 34448677 -
PLoS One
Investigation of the effect and mechanisms of moxa smoke in the treatment of Influenza A Virus (IAV) infection. [Abstract]2025 Dec 12;20(12):e0337906. PMID: 41385483 -
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol
Pioglitazone can improve liver sex hormone-binding globulin levels and lipid metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome by regulating hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α. [Abstract]2023 May:229:106265. PMID: 36737028 -
Med Sci Monit
Gegen Qinlian Decoction Ameliorates Hepatic Insulin Resistance by Silent Information Regulator1 (SIRT1)-Dependent Deacetylation of Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1). [Abstract]2019 Nov 13;25:8544-8553. PMID: 31719515 -
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Oxid Med Cell Longev
Qihuang Zhuyu Formula Attenuates Atherosclerosis via Targeting PPAR γ to Regulate Cholesterol Efflux and Endothelial Cell Inflammation. [Abstract]2022 Dec 5:2022:2226168. PMID: 36518993 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (254.52 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.36 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.36 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 12.5 mg/mL (31.81 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
In order to evaluate cell proliferation, HIT-T15 cells are seeded on 96-well plates (3×104 cells/well) and cultured for 5 days as described. Viable cells are determined using the Cell Titer 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay. To evaluate cell apoptosis and cell necrosis, HIT-T15 cells are plated on 6-well dishes (7×105 cells/well) for 5 days in standard conditions (CTR) or in the presence of AGEs (AGEs) with or without Pioglitazone (0.5 or 1 μM) or AG (1 mM). They are then processed to measure both the activity of caspase-3 and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (a stable cytosolic enzyme that is a marker of cell membrane damage and cell death due to necrosis) using Cytotox 96 Non Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Mice[3]
10 mg/kg Pioglitazone HCl or vehicle (0.25% carboxymethylcellulose) is adnimistered to ob/ob and adipo-/- ob/ob mice by oral gavage once daily for 14 consecutive days. 30 mg/kg Pioglitazone or vehicle is also adnimistered to ob/ob and adipo-/- ob/ob mice by oral gavage once daily for 14 consecutive days.
Rats[4]
Male Wistar albino rats (weighing 250±20 g) are ued.Rats that achieved serum glucose level ≥250 mg/dL and serum creatinine level ≥1.5 mg/dL are divided into 2 groups (n=10 per each group): diabetic nephropathic (DN) group in which rats received an equal amount of vehicle (0.5% carboxy methyl cellulose) and Pioglitazone-treated (DN+Pio) group in which rats treated with Pioglitazone. Pioglitazone (10 mg/kg BW) is given orally by gastric gavage, once daily, for 4 weeks.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Kuwabara K, et al. A novel selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist, 2-methyl-c-5-[4-[5-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxazolyl]butyl]-1,3-dioxane-r-2-carboxylic acid (NS-220), potently decreases plasma triglyceride and glucose leve [Content Brief]
[2]. Puddu A, et al. Pioglitazone attenuates the detrimental effects of advanced glycation end-products in the pancreatic beta cell line HIT-T15. Regul Pept. 2012 Aug 20;177(1-3):79-84. [Content Brief]
[3]. Kubota N, et al. Pioglitazone ameliorates insulin resistance and diabetes by both adiponectin-dependent and -independent pathways. J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 31;281(13):8748-55. [Content Brief]
[4]. Elrashidy RA, et al. Pioglitazone attenuates cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Sep;17(3):324-33. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.5452 mL | 12.7259 mL | 25.4518 mL | 63.6294 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5090 mL | 2.5452 mL | 5.0904 mL | 12.7259 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2545 mL | 1.2726 mL | 2.5452 mL | 6.3629 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1697 mL | 0.8484 mL | 1.6968 mL | 4.2420 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1273 mL | 0.6363 mL | 1.2726 mL | 3.1815 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1018 mL | 0.5090 mL | 1.0181 mL | 2.5452 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0848 mL | 0.4242 mL | 0.8484 mL | 2.1210 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0636 mL | 0.3181 mL | 0.6363 mL | 1.5907 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0509 mL | 0.2545 mL | 0.5090 mL | 1.2726 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0424 mL | 0.2121 mL | 0.4242 mL | 1.0605 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0318 mL | 0.1591 mL | 0.3181 mL | 0.7954 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0255 mL | 0.1273 mL | 0.2545 mL | 0.6363 mL |