2. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Neuronal Signaling
  3. Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
  4. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease.

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CAS No. : 864167-45-3

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Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt:

Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cell Sci. 2026 Mar 16:jcs.264420.

    Bar graphs (depicting mean±s.d. together with the individual data points) of neuronal viability determined after exposure to zero-Mg2+-induced excitotoxicity of untreated cultures (ctrl, n=45), cultures pretreated for 36 to 48 h with Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP, 200 µM) (n=36), with TH (n=42) or with both compounds (TH+SP, n=41) (from three independent culture preparations).

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cell Sci. 2026 Mar 16:jcs.264420.

    Depiction of representative voltage responses to application of 3 µM and 10 µM glutamate of control neurons, Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP)-treated neurons and TH-treated neurons. Responses were characterized by triggering of or increase in action potential discharge, and at 10 µM glutamate, by a transition into depolarisation block, which manifests itself in a cessation of discharge activity during sustained depolarization. Action potentials are truncated at −10 mV.

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Rheumatol. 2025 Nov 20.  [Abstract]

    ZNF76 activity quantified upon Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) (50 μM) treatment. The results showed that the application of the OGDH inhibitor SP significantly reduced the binding of ZNF76 to the promoter region of the DRP1 gene.

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2022.

    Proliferation assay of EPCs treated with vehicle or various concentration of Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP, 5-80 μM; 3 days) under normoxia (n = 6).

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Research Square Preprint. 2022.

    qRT-PCR showed higher expression of EPC stemness markers in the presence of 20 uM Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt (SP) than with vehicle control under normoxia (n=5).

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    Description

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease[1][2][3][4].

    In Vitro

    Succinyl phosphonate (10 μM; 72 h) trisodium salt reduces succinylation levels and succinyl-CoA concentrations, mitigates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced reactive oxygen species production, lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in BV2 cells and primary mouse microglia, and reduces senescence in VP-16 (HY-13629)-induced aged BV2 cells[3].
    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt upregulates active OGDHC quantity in cultured neurons, but this upregulation is impaired by co-treatment with ethanol[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Succinyl phosphonate (intranasal; single dose) trisodium salt pretreatment protects pregnancy-sensitized rats from hypoxia and ethanol-induced behavioral impairment, including normalizing post-hypoxia horizontal moving activity and increasing hypoxia resistance in sensitive animals[1].
    Succinyl phosphonate (10 nM; intra-CA1; 30 minutes after first Aβ25-35 injection) trisodium salt can block the damaging effects induced by Aβ and neuronal damage, improve the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats, and reverse the decrease in α-KGDHC enzyme activity[2].
    Succinyl phosphonate (1 mg/kg; i.c.v.; single injection) trisodium salt reduces LPS (HY-D1056)-induced hippocampal mitochondrial protein succinylation, including succinylation of SDHA and ECHA, in male C57BL/6J mice[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Wistar rats (adult male, 230-250 g, Alzheimer’s disease model via bilateral microinjection of aggregated amyloid-beta25-35 into dorsal CA1 area for 4 consecutive days)[2]
    Dosage: 10 nM
    Administration: intra-CA1; single dose; 30 minutes after first Aβ25-35 injection
    Result: Prevented Aβ25-35-induced spatial learning deficits, as shown by significantly reduced AUC of escape latencies and improved escape latencies in specific trials.
    Reversed Aβ25-35-induced spatial memory deficits, with time spent in the MWM target quadrant not differing from controls.
    Restored hippocampal α-KGDHC activity to control levels.
    Reduced elevated GDH activity to control levels.
    Prevented the Aβ-induced reduction in GS activity.
    Reduced Aβ-induced neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1, CA3, and DG regions, with significantly more surviving neurons compared to the Aβ-only group.
    Animal Model: LPS-induced C57BL/6J (2-4 month-old male, wild type)[3]
    Dosage: 1 mg/kg
    Administration: i.c.v.; single injection
    Result: Reversed the LPS-induced increase in hippocampal mitochondrial protein succinylation, restoring it to near control levels.
    Significantly reduced the LPS-elevated succinylation levels of succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA) and trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha (ECHA) in mouse hippocampus.
    Molecular Weight

    248.01

    Formula

    C4H4Na3O6P
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to light yellow

    SMILES

    O=C(O[Na])CCC(P(O[Na])(O[Na])=O)=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 50 mg/mL (201.60 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 4.0321 mL 20.1605 mL 40.3210 mL
    5 mM 0.8064 mL 4.0321 mL 8.0642 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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    In Vivo:

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 25 mg/mL (100.80 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 98.0%

    SDS (252 KB)

    COA (248 KB) HNMR (235 KB) CNMR (314 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O 1 mM 4.0321 mL 20.1605 mL 40.3210 mL 100.8024 mL
    5 mM 0.8064 mL 4.0321 mL 8.0642 mL 20.1605 mL
    10 mM 0.4032 mL 2.0160 mL 4.0321 mL 10.0802 mL
    15 mM 0.2688 mL 1.3440 mL 2.6881 mL 6.7202 mL
    20 mM 0.2016 mL 1.0080 mL 2.0160 mL 5.0401 mL
    25 mM 0.1613 mL 0.8064 mL 1.6128 mL 4.0321 mL
    30 mM 0.1344 mL 0.6720 mL 1.3440 mL 3.3601 mL
    40 mM 0.1008 mL 0.5040 mL 1.0080 mL 2.5201 mL
    50 mM 0.0806 mL 0.4032 mL 0.8064 mL 2.0160 mL
    60 mM 0.0672 mL 0.3360 mL 0.6720 mL 1.6800 mL
    80 mM 0.0504 mL 0.2520 mL 0.5040 mL 1.2600 mL
    100 mM 0.0403 mL 0.2016 mL 0.4032 mL 1.0080 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Succinyl phosphonate trisodium864167-45-3Mitochondrial MetabolismReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)Amyloid-ββ-amyloid peptideAβAbetaKGDHCInhibitorOGDHAntitumorinhibitorinhibit

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