2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation Neuronal Signaling
  3. Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
  4. Succinyl phosphonate

Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease.

At equivalent molar concentrations, both the salt and free forms of a compound exhibit comparable biological activity. Nevertheless, the salt form (Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt) usually boasts enhanced water solubility and stability.

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Succinyl phosphonate

Succinyl phosphonate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 26647-82-5

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Succinyl phosphonate Related Antibodies

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Description

Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease[1][2][3][4].

In Vitro

Succinyl phosphonate (10 μM; 72 h) reduces succinylation levels and succinyl-CoA concentrations, mitigates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced reactive oxygen species production, lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in BV2 cells and primary mouse microglia, and reduces senescence in VP-16 (HY-13629)-induced aged BV2 cells[3].
Succinyl phosphonate upregulates active OGDHC quantity in cultured neurons, but this upregulation is impaired by co-treatment with ethanol[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Succinyl phosphonate Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Succinyl phosphonate (intranasal; single dose) pretreatment protects pregnancy-sensitized rats from hypoxia and ethanol-induced behavioral impairment, including normalizing post-hypoxia horizontal moving activity and increasing hypoxia resistance in sensitive animals[1].
Succinyl phosphonate (10 nM; intra-CA1; 30 minutes after first Aβ25-35 injection) can block the damaging effects induced by Aβ and neuronal damage, improve the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats, and reverse the decrease in α-KGDHC enzyme activity[2].
Succinyl phosphonate (1 mg/kg; i.c.v.; single injection) reduces LPS (HY-D1056)-induced hippocampal mitochondrial protein succinylation, including succinylation of SDHA and ECHA, in male C57BL/6J mice[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Wistar rats (adult male, 230-250 g, Alzheimer’s disease model via bilateral microinjection of aggregated amyloid-beta25-35 into dorsal CA1 area for 4 consecutive days)[2]
Dosage: 10 nM
Administration: intra-CA1; single dose; 30 minutes after first Aβ25-35 injection
Result: Prevented Aβ25-35-induced spatial learning deficits, as shown by significantly reduced AUC of escape latencies and improved escape latencies in specific trials.
Reversed Aβ25-35-induced spatial memory deficits, with time spent in the MWM target quadrant not differing from controls.
Restored hippocampal α-KGDHC activity to control levels.
Reduced elevated GDH activity to control levels.
Prevented the Aβ-induced reduction in GS activity.
Reduced Aβ-induced neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1, CA3, and DG regions, with significantly more surviving neurons compared to the Aβ-only group.
Animal Model: LPS-induced C57BL/6J (2-4 month-old male, wild type)[3]
Dosage: 1 mg/kg
Administration: i.c.v.; single injection
Result: Reversed the LPS-induced increase in hippocampal mitochondrial protein succinylation, restoring it to near control levels.
Significantly reduced the LPS-elevated succinylation levels of succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA) and trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha (ECHA) in mouse hippocampus.
Molecular Weight

182.07

Formula

C4H7O6P
CAS No.
Appearance

Oil

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

O=C(O)CCC(P(O)(O)=O)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Purity & Documentation
References
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Succinyl phosphonate Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Succinyl phosphonate26647-82-5Mitochondrial MetabolismReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)Amyloid-ββ-amyloid peptideAβAbetaprimary mouse microgliaprotein succinylationglutamine synthetasemale Wistar ratsBV2 cellsglutamate dehydrogenaseamyloid-betamale C57BL/6J micesuccinyl-CoA2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complexInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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