Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%) 

Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]}.

Bioactivity-guided isolation afforded three compounds from the hexane fraction of E. indica, namely, Beta-Sitosterol (β-sitosterol), Stigmasterol, and Lutein. Both compounds are found to possess very low PPL inhibition activity, that is, 2.99±0.80% (Beta-Sitosterol) of inhibition at 100 μg/mL (242 μM) and 2.68±0.38% (Stigmasterol) of inhibition at 100 μg/mL (243 μM), respectively. Weak PPL inhibition activity of Beta-Sitosterol and Stigmasterol isolated from Alpinia zerumbet with IC₅₀ value of 99.99±1.86 μg/mL and 125.05±4.76 μg/mL, respectively, in comparison with the inhibition shown by Curcumin (IC₅₀=4.92±0.21 μg/mL) and Quercetin (IC₅₀=18.60±0.86 μg/mL) which are used as positive controls in their study. Beta-Sitosterol and Stigmasterol are recorded with weak PPL inhibitory activity of only 3.0±0.8% and 2.7±0.4% at 100 μg/mL, respectively, (i.e., 242 μM and 243 μM) in contrast (34.5±5.4% at 100 μg/mL), which are comparatively lower than that recorded in literature (i.e., 50% PPL inhibition at 100 μg/mL)^[1]. Sitosterol is an important compound extracted from the leaves of Aloe vera. It inhibits the growth of promastigotes of L. donovani, a causative agent for life threatening visceral leishmaniasis disease^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Beta-Sitosterol (β-sitosterol) treatment significantly reduced the immobility time at three doses (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) in the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST), indicating an antidepressant effect. This effect is similar to the positive control fluoxetine at a dose of 30 mg/kg, where the strongest effect is observed compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The same effects are observed for three doses of Beta-Sitosterol in the TST. The % DID values are as follows: FST: 39.27% (10 mg/kg), 51.23% (20 mg/kg), and 57.48% (30 mg/kg); TST: 31.63% (10 mg/kg), 43.95% (20 mg/kg), and 53.38% (30 mg/kg). These results indicate that Beta-Sitosterol has a significant antidepressant activity in mice during the FST and TST. Furthermore, Beta-Sitosterol exhibits the antidepressant effect in a dose-dependent manner^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

414.71

C₂₉H₅₀O

83-46-5

Solid

White to off-white

CC[C@@H](C(C)C)CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

-20°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

• [1]. Bin Sayeed MS, et al. Beta-Sitosterol: A Promising but Orphan Nutraceutical to Fight Against Cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(8):1214-20.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Tariq A, et al. Ethnomedicines and anti-parasitic activities of Pakistani medicinal plants against Plasmodia and Leishmania parasites. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2016 Sep 20;15(1):52.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Zhao D, et al. Structural Features and Potent Antidepressant Effects of Total Sterols and β-sitosterol Extracted from Sargassum horneri. Mar Drugs. 2016 Jun 28;14(7).  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Fan Y, et al. Beta-Sitosterol Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Lipogenesis Disorder in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 27;24(19):14644.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Rajavel T, et al. Beta-Sitosterol targets Trx/Trx1 reductase to induce apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 1;8(1):2071.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Liu R, et al. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and attenuates rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Pharm Biol. 2019 Dec;57(1):161-168.  [Content Brief]

  [7]. Villaseñor IM, et al. Bioactivity studies on beta-sitosterol and its glucoside. Phytother Res. 2002 Aug;16(5):417-21.  [Content Brief]

  [8]. Ju YH, et al. beta-Sitosterol, beta-Sitosterol Glucoside, and a Mixture of beta-Sitosterol and beta-Sitosterol Glucoside Modulate the Growth of Estrogen-Responsive Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro and in Ovariectomized Athymic Mice. J Nutr. 2004 May;134(5):1145-51.  [Content Brief]

  [9]. Awad AB, et al. beta-Sitosterol activates Fas signaling in human breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 2007 Nov;14(11):747-54.  [Content Brief]

  [10]. Loizou S, et al. Beta-sitosterol exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in human aortic endothelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Apr;54(4):551-8.  [Content Brief]

  [11]. Vivancos M, et al. beta-Sitosterol modulates antioxidant enzyme response in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 Jul 1;39(1):91-7.  [Content Brief]

  [12]. Gupta R, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Beta-Sitosterol in streptozotocin-induced experimental hyperglycemia. J Diabetes. 2011 Mar;3(1):29-37.  [Content Brief]

  [13]. Anwar R, et al. Antimicrobial Activity of Beta-Sitosterol Isolated from Kalanchoe tomentosa Leaves Against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia. Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jun;25(7):602-607.  [Content Brief]