CNQX
Based on 16 publication(s) in Google Scholar
CNQX (FG9065) is a potent and competitive AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist with IC50s of 0.3 μM and 1.5 μM, respectively. CNQX is a competitive non-NMDA receptor antagonist. CNQX blocks the expression of fear-potentiated startle in rats.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.38%
- CAS No.: 115066-14-3
- Formula: C9H4N4O4
- Molecular Weight:232.15
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) CNQX
More- Nat Neurosci. 2023 May;26(5):751-764. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 May 16;16(1):4560. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 May 15;15(1):4122. [Abstract]
- Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Aug 22;57(33):12222-12233. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2022 Sep 12;13(9):786. [Abstract]
- Acta Biomater. 2022 Oct 15:152:255-272. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Jan:145:112446. [Abstract]
- PLoS Biol. 2025 Jan 27;23(1):e3003011. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 May 14;44(5):115712. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2025 Dec 24;9(1):39. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2021 Aug;25(15):7342-7353. [Abstract]
- J Neurosci. 2024 Apr 10;44(15):e2062232024. [Abstract]
- Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 Jun 25:13:276. [Abstract]
- Cereb Cortex. 2024 Oct 3;34(10):bhae399. [Abstract]
- J Integr Neurosci. 2022 Jun 28;21(4):121. [Abstract]
- SSRN. 2025 Jun 18.
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All iGluR Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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Kainate Receptor |
CNQX (FG9065; 2-5 μM) reversibly blocks the Schaffer collateral and mossy fibre excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP), while sparing the fast and slow GABA-mediated inhibition in superfusion of hippocampal slices[2].
CNQX (1-5 μM) produces a selective and dose-dependent reduction in the amplitude of the monosynaptic component of the DR-VRR recorded from lumbar spinal segments[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
CNQX (1-5 μM) produces a selective and dose-dependent reduction in the amplitude of the monosynaptic component of the DR-VRR recorded from lumbar spinal segments[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g[4]
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Dosage:0.75, 1.5, and 3 mg/kg
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Administration:IP; 20 min before testing
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Result:Decreased the number of cocaine (IV; 0.25 mg/infusion) responses in a dose-dependent manner during the first 15-min cocaine-free interval
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 115066-14-3
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 232.15
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Formula C9H4N4O4
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Color White to yellow
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SMILES
O=C1C(NC2=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C(C#N)C=C2N1)=O
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Synonyms
FG9065
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (16)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Neurosci
Emergence of consciousness from anesthesia through ubiquitin degradation of KCC2 in the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus. [Abstract]2023 May;26(5):751-764. PMID: 36973513 -
Nat Commun
A ventral pallidum-locus coeruleus-lateral hypothalamus pathway modulates brain arousal in freely behaving and isoflurane-anesthetized male mice. [Abstract]2025 May 16;16(1):4560. PMID: 40379709 -
Nat Commun
2024 May 15;15(1):4122. PMID: 38750027
CNQX purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 May 15;15(1):4122. [Abstract]
Light-evoked EPSCs in vCE L5a PCs were abolished after bath application of tetrodotoxin (TTX) but were then reintroduced following application of 4-Aminopyridine, indicating the monosynaptic nature of connections from V2 to vCE L5a. These restored responses were blocked by AMPA receptor antagonist CNQX.
CNQX purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2024 May 15;15(1):4122. [Abstract]
The light-evoked EPSCs were abolished by TTX and rescued by 4-AP, but severely attenuated by CNQX.
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Environ Sci Technol
Chronic Pb Exposure Induces Anxiety and Depression-like Behaviors in Mice via Excitatory Neuronal Hyperexcitability in Ventral Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus. [Abstract]2023 Aug 22;57(33):12222-12233. PMID: 37559393 -
Cell Death Dis
Crosstalk of Synapsin1 palmitoylation and phosphorylation controls the dynamicity of synaptic vesicles in neurons. [Abstract]2022 Sep 12;13(9):786. PMID: 36097267 -
Acta Biomater
2022 Oct 15:152:255-272. PMID: 36041647 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Cordycepin suppresses glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission through activation of A1 adenosine receptor in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. [Abstract]2022 Jan:145:112446. PMID: 34808556 -
PLoS Biol
Supraspinal facilitation of painful stimuli by glutamatergic innervation from the retrosplenial to the anterior cingulate cortex. [Abstract]2025 Jan 27;23(1):e3003011. PMID: 39869643
CNQX purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: PLoS Biol. 2025 Jan 27;23(1):e3003011. [Abstract]
Sample traces of eEPSCs in the RSC-ACC projections with the perfusion of D-AP5 (50 μM), GYKI53655 (100 μM), and CNQX (20 μM) sequentially under the presence of picrotoxin (50 μM) (one-way RM ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons tests.
CNQX purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: PLoS Biol. 2025 Jan 27;23(1):e3003011. [Abstract]
Sample amplitude curve of eEPSCs in the RSC-ACC projections with the perfusion of D-AP5 (50 μM), GYKI53655 (100 μM), and CNQX (20 μM) sequentially under the presence of picrotoxin (50 μM) (one-way RM ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons tests.
CNQX purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: PLoS Biol. 2025 Jan 27;23(1):e3003011. [Abstract]
Averaged amplitude of eEPSCs in the RSC-ACC projections with the perfusion of D-AP5 (50 μM), GYKI53655 (100 μM), and CNQX (20 μM) sequentially under the presence of picrotoxin (50 μM) (one-way RM ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons tests.
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Cell Rep
Septo-subicular cholinergic circuit promotes seizure development via astrocytic inflammation. [Abstract]2025 May 14;44(5):115712. PMID: 40372911 -
Commun Biol
Neural mechanisms of the V2M-PrL pathway mediate blue light-induced spatial memory impairment. [Abstract]2025 Dec 24;9(1):39. PMID: 41444415 -
J Cell Mol Med
The molecular mechanism underlying mitophagy-mediated hippocampal neuron apoptosis in diabetes-related depression. [Abstract]2021 Aug;25(15):7342-7353. PMID: 34213839 -
J Neurosci
Insula-amygdala and insula-thalamus pathways are involved in comorbid chronic pain and depression-like behavior in mice. [Abstract]2024 Apr 10;44(15):e2062232024. PMID: 38453468 -
Front Cell Neurosci
Pin1 Is Regulated by CaMKII Activation in Glutamate-Induced Retinal Neuronal Regulated Necrosis. [Abstract]2019 Jun 25:13:276. PMID: 31293391 -
Cereb Cortex
A circuit from lateral hypothalamic to dorsal hippocampal dentate gyrus modulates behavioral despair in mice. [Abstract]2024 Oct 3;34(10):bhae399. PMID: 39367727 -
J Integr Neurosci
2022 Jun 28;21(4):121. PMID: 35864772 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 20 mg/mL (86.15 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (279 KB)
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SDS (459 KB)
- English - EN (459 KB)
- Français - FR (459 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (459 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (459 KB)
- Español - ES (459 KB)
- Swedish - SV (459 KB)
- Italian - IT (459 KB)
- Korean - KR (459 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (459 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. T Honoré, et al. Quinoxalinediones: Potent Competitive non-NMDA Glutamate Receptor Antagonists. Science. 1988 Aug 5;241(4866):701-3. [Content Brief]
[2]. Neuman RS, et al. Blockade of excitatory synaptic transmission by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione(CNQX) in the hippocampus in vitro. Neurosci Lett. 1988 Sep 23;92(1):64-8. [Content Brief]
[3]. Alford S, et al. CNQX and DNQX block non-NMDA synaptic transmission but not NMDA-evoked locomotion in lamprey spinal cord. Brain Res. 1990 Jan 8;506(2):297-302. [Content Brief]
[4]. Pia Bäckström, et al. Attenuation of Cocaine-Seeking Behaviour by the AMPA/kainate Receptor Antagonist CNQX in Rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Feb;166(1):69-76. [Content Brief]
[5]. Kim M, et al. Infusion of the non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX into the amygdala blocks the expression of fear-potentiated startle. Behav Neural Biol. 1993 Jan;59(1):5-8. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.3076 mL | 21.5378 mL | 43.0756 mL | 107.6890 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8615 mL | 4.3076 mL | 8.6151 mL | 21.5378 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4308 mL | 2.1538 mL | 4.3076 mL | 10.7689 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2872 mL | 1.4359 mL | 2.8717 mL | 7.1793 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2154 mL | 1.0769 mL | 2.1538 mL | 5.3844 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1723 mL | 0.8615 mL | 1.7230 mL | 4.3076 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1436 mL | 0.7179 mL | 1.4359 mL | 3.5896 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1077 mL | 0.5384 mL | 1.0769 mL | 2.6922 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0862 mL | 0.4308 mL | 0.8615 mL | 2.1538 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0718 mL | 0.3590 mL | 0.7179 mL | 1.7948 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0538 mL | 0.2692 mL | 0.5384 mL | 1.3461 mL |
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