2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W001132S4
    Indole-d7
    		99.94%
    Indole-d7 is the deuterium labeled Indole. Indole is an endogenous metabolite.
    Indole-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-W012531
    2-Hydroxycinnamic acid
    		99.86%
    2-Hydroxycinnamic acid is a phenolic acid with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and is not susceptible to drug resistance. 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid shows inhibitory effects on infection of HIV/SARS-CoV S pseudovirus with an IC50 of 0.3 mM. In addition, 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid has neuroprotective and antitumor activity.
    2-Hydroxycinnamic acid
  • HY-90006R
    5-Fluorouracil (Standard)
    5-Fluorouracil (Standard) is the analytical standard of 5-Fluorouracil. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV.
    5-Fluorouracil (Standard)
  • HY-B1746
    Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate
    		98.92%
    Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate is the active form of vitamin B6 bound to phosphoric acid. Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate is the aminated form of Pyridoxal 5'-?phosphate monohydrate (HY-W011727A) and as co-factor of a variety of enzymes central metabolite, potent antioxidant, vitamin B6 vitamer and enzyme substrate. Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate can be interconverted with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate hydrate.
    Pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate
  • HY-113325A
    NADP sodium hydrate
    		99.03%
    NADP sodium hydrate is the sodium salt hydrate form of NADP (HY-113325). NADP is a coenzyme involved in cellular electron transfer reactions in biological metabolism, which is alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH), and can maintain cellular redox homeostasis and regulate many biological events, including cellular metabolism. NADPH is a universal electron donor that provides reducing ability for synthetic metabolic reactions and redox balance. NADPH plays a multifunctional role in regulating inflammation, redox homeostasis, and synthetic metabolism processes.
    NADP sodium hydrate
  • HY-N0623S5
    L-Tryptophan-d8
    		98.55%
    L-Tryptophan-d8 is the deuterium labeled L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3.
    L-Tryptophan-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-Y0136
    3-Indoleacetonitrile
    		99.92%
    3-Indoleacetonitrile is an indole derivative with anti-influenza activity. 3-Indoleacetonitrile is a plant hormone produced by cruxiferous vegetables. 3-Indoleacetonitrile exerts profound antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of influenza A viruses, HSV-1 and VSV viruses in vitro. 3-Indoleacetonitrile diminishes lung virus titers and alleviates lung lesions in vivo. 3-Indoleacetonitrile induces an increase in mitochondrial antiviral-signaling (MAVS) protein levels. 3-Indoleacetonitrile can be used in research for combating viral infections including COVID-19, HSV-1, and VSV.
    3-Indoleacetonitrile
  • HY-Y1031
    3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid
    		99.06%
    3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid is an endogenous metabolite. 3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid promotes plant growth.
    3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid
  • HY-B0935
    Benzyl benzoate
    		99.98%
    Benzyl benzoate (Phenylmethyl benzoate) is an orally active anti-scabies agent, acaricide (EC50= 0.06 g/m2) and fungicide. Benzyl benzoate is an angiotensin II (Ang II) inhibitor with antihypertensive effects. Benzyl benzoate can be used in perfumes, pharmaceuticals and the food industry.
    Benzyl benzoate
  • HY-113144
    L-Hexanoylcarnitine
    		99.87%
    L-Hexanoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine and is found to be associated with celiac disease.
    L-Hexanoylcarnitine
  • HY-111431AS
    p-Cresol sulfate-d7 potassium
    		99.86%
    p-Cresol sulfate-d7 (potassium) is the deuterium labeled p-Cresyl sulfate potassium. p-Methylphenyl potassium sulfate is a prototype protein-bound uremic toxin[1][2].
    p-Cresol sulfate-d<sub>7</sub> potassium
  • HY-N0181R
    Ergosterol (Standard)
    Ergosterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ergosterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ergosterol is the primary sterol found in fungi, with antioxidative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects.
    Ergosterol (Standard)
  • HY-113047
    5,6-Dihydrouridine
    		99.87%
    5,6-Dihydrouridine is a modified base found in conserved positions in the D-loop of tRNA in Bacteria, Eukaryota, and some Archaea.
    5,6-Dihydrouridine
  • HY-B1618R
    Corticosterone (Standard)
    Corticosterone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Corticosterone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Corticosterone (17-Deoxycortisol) is an orally active and adrenal cortex-produced glucocorticoid, which plays an important role in regulating neuronal functions of the limbic system (including hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala). Corticosterone increases the Rab-mediated AMPAR membrane traffic via SGK-induced phosphorylation of GDI. Corticosterone also interferes with the maturation of dendritic cells and shows a good immunosuppressive effect.
    Corticosterone (Standard)
  • HY-113143A
    Galactose 1-phosphate Potassium salt
    		99.0%
    Galactose 1-phosphate Potassium salt acts as a competitive substrate inhibitor of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT). Galactose 1-phosphate Potassium salt is a competitive inhibitor of Phosphoglucomutase, yet the rate at which this enzyme converts Galactose 1-phosphate to Galactose-6-phosphate is 400 times slower than the rate of converting Glucose-1-phosphate. Galactose 1-phosphate Potassium salt can be used in studies related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae infection and type I galactosemia.
    Galactose 1-phosphate Potassium salt
  • HY-19528S
    SAH-d4
    		≥99.0%
    SAH-d4 is the deuterium labeled SAH. SAH (S-Adenosylhomocysteine) is an amino acid derivative and a modulartor in several metabolic pathways. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine and adenosine. SAH is an inhibitor for METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer complex (METTL3-14) with an IC50 of 0.9 μM.
    SAH-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-113026
    Delta-Tocopherol
    		98.0%
    Delta-Tocopherol is an isomer of Vitamin E.
    Delta-Tocopherol
  • HY-107819
    5α-Cholestan-3β-ol
    		99.92%
    5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound.
    5α-Cholestan-3β-ol
  • HY-N7395
    Cyclic ADP-​ribose
    Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a potent second messenger for calcium mobilization that is synthesized from NAD+ by an ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose increases cytosolic calcium mainly by Ryanodine receptor-mediated release from endoplasmic reticulum and also by extracellular influx through the opening of TRPM2 channels.
    Cyclic ADP-​ribose
  • HY-113114
    Tetrahydrocortisone
    		99.97%
    Tetrahydrocortisone is a corticosteroid catalyzed from endogenous glucocorticoids by AKR1D1 (5β-reductase). Its formation is mediated by AKR1D1 and regulated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). As one of the final products of glucocorticoid inactivation metabolism, Tetrahydrocortisone participates in the maintenance of glucocorticoid metabolic homeostasis in vivo. Tetrahydrocortisone can be used for mechanistic studies of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes, and also serves as a biomarker for in vivo AKR1D1 activity and glucocorticoid metabolic status.
    Tetrahydrocortisone
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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