2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Stem Cell/Wnt
    TGF-beta/Smad
  4. TGF-beta/Smad

TGF-beta/Smad

Transforming growth factor beta

TGF-beta/Smad

Related Products

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Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a member of a superfamily of pleiotropic proteins that regulate multiple cellular processes such as growth, development and differentiation. The intracellular effectors of TGF-beta signalling, the Smad proteins, are activated by receptors and translocate into the nucleus, where they regulate transcription. Although this pathway is inherently simple, combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smad-interacting proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF-beta family responses. Other signalling pathways further regulate Smad activation and function.

In addition, TGF-beta receptors activate Smad-independent pathways that not only regulate Smad signalling, but also allow Smad-independent TGF-beta responses. Aberrant TGF-β signaling is associated with a variety of diseases, such as fibrosis, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Hence, the TGF-β signaling pathway is recognized as a potential drug target.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0038R
    Alantolactone (Standard)
    		Activator
    Alantolactone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Alantolactone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Alantolactone is a selective STAT3 inhibitor, with potent anticancer activity. Alantolactone induces apoptosis in cancer.
    Alantolactone (Standard)
  • HY-P11227
    Compound 19A8.8
    		Inhibitor
    Compound 19A8.8 is a cyclic peptide derived from a CD36 protein fragment. Compound 19A8.8 inhibits the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway by suppressing the interaction between TSP1 and CD36. Compound 19A8.8 has no obvious cytotoxicity. Compound 19A8.8 can be used for research on colon injury and fibrosis.
    Compound 19A8.8
  • HY-N0101R
    Neohesperidin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Neohesperidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neohesperidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neohesperidin is a flavonoid compound found in high amounts in citrus fruits with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
    Neohesperidin (Standard)
  • HY-151275
    ALK5-IN-28
    		Inhibitor
    ALK5-IN-28 (Compound Ex-05) is a selective ALK-5 inhibitor (IC50 ≤ 10 nM) that inhibits TGF-β-induced SMAD signaling. ALK5-IN-28 has the potential to inhibit tumor growth in vivo. ALK5-IN-28 can be used in the research of proliferative diseases such as cancer.
    ALK5-IN-28
  • HY-181556
    JNK3-IN-10
    		Inhibitor
    JNK3-IN-10 is a blood-brain barrier-impermeable JNK3 inhibitor (IC50=0.257 nM) with over 400-fold selectivity over JNK1. JNK3-IN-10 blocks the JNK3-mediated signaling pathway downstream of TGF-β1, inhibits TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun, reduces the expression of pro-fibrotic markers, and restores the expression of the epithelial protein E-cadherin. JNK3-IN-10 exhibits low cytotoxicity, anti-fibrotic, cytoprotective and renoprotective effects, and alleviates albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis and podocyte foot process fusion. JNK3-IN-10 can be used for the research of chronic kidney disease, glomerulosclerosis and adriamycin-induced nephropathy.
    JNK3-IN-10
  • HY-162147
    Nur77 modulator 3
    		Activator 99.01%
    Nur77 modulator 3 is a Nur77 modulator. Nur77 modulator 3 induces Nur77 expression, inhibits hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, and reduces extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Nur77 modulator 3 enhances Nur77-denpendent autophagic flux and significantly inhibits the mTORC1 signaling pathway. Nur77 modulator 3 ameliorates HSCs activation, inflammation and hepatic fibrosis in vivo.
    Nur77 modulator 3
  • HY-151282
    ALK5-IN-32
    		Inhibitor
    ALK5-IN-32 (compound EX-09) is a selective ALK-5 inhibitor (10 nM<IC50<100 nM), inhibits TGF-β-induced SMAD signaling. ALK5-IN-32 has the potential to inhibit growth of tumour in vivo. ALK5-IN-32 can be used in study of proliferative diseases such as cancer, fibrotic diseases, and systemic sclerosis.
    ALK5-IN-32
  • HY-115577
    Mitochonic acid 35
    		Inhibitor
    Mitochonic acid 35 is an IAA analogue with cytoprotective effects.
    Mitochonic acid 35
  • HY-P10242A
    Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA
    		Inhibitor
    Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA is a 23 amino acids peptide, which is derived from amino acids 21 to 43 of the mouse myostatin prodomain. Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA inhibits myostatin with a Kd of 29.7 nM. Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA can be used for researches of muscle atrophic disorders.
    Myostatin inhibitory peptide 7 TFA
  • HY-N17639
    Regiafuran C
    		Inhibitor
    Regiafuran C is a compound with both TGF-βRI inhibitory and anti-fibrotic activities. Regiafuran C effectively inhibits renal fibrosis by binding to TGF-βRI and interfering with the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Regiafuran C also exhibits free radical scavenging activity, but shows no anti-inflammatory activity in PGE2 competitive enzyme immunoassays. The ability of Regiafuran C to specifically block the Smad3-TGF-βRII interaction and inhibit fibrotic processes allows its use in renal fibrosis research.
    Regiafuran C
  • HY-N0732R
    Jolkinolide B (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Jolkinolide B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Jolkinolide B (HY-N0732). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Jolkinolide B is a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud with oral activity. Jolkinolide B downregulates XIAP, cIAP1, cIAP2, and phosphorylated Akt, upregulates Smac, activates caspase-3 and caspase-9, and inhibits NF-κB, TGFβ/smad3 and JAK/STAT3 pathways. Jolkinolide B exerts comprehensive biological effects including inducing cancer cell apoptosis, suppressing inflammatory responses, improving lung function, alleviating hepatic steatosis and eliminating intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Jolkinolide B can be used for the research of leukemia, histiocytic lymphoma, asthma, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and tuberculosis.
    Jolkinolide B (Standard)
  • HY-120973
    Butaprost free acid
    		Inhibitor
    Butaprost free acid is a selective prostaglandin E receptor (EP2) agonist with an EC50 of 33 nM and a Ki of 2.4 μM for murine EP2 receptor. Butaprost free acid is less activity against murine EP1, EP3 and EP4 receptors. Butaprost free acid attenuates fibrosis by hampering TGF-β/Smad2 signalling.
    Butaprost free acid
  • HY-P11827
    C11 peptide-1
    		Inhibitor
    C11 peptide-1 is an antifibrotic agent that binds directly to Collagen I. C11 peptide-1 physically disrupts Collagen I interaction with Lumican. C11 peptide-1 reduces inflammatory infiltration and inhibits the ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 signaling pathways. C11 peptide-1 can be used for the research of liver fibrosis.
    C11 peptide-1
  • HY-W707119
    RepSox hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    RepSox hydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β receptor I/activin-like kinase 5 (TGF-β-RI/ALK5). RepSox hydrochloride inhibits ALK5 autophosphorylation with an IC50 value of 4 nM. RepSox hydrochloride can be used in the study of obesity and related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
    RepSox hydrochloride
  • HY-P4890
    Relaxin H3 (human)
    		Inhibitor
    Relaxin H3 (human) is a relaxin peptide with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-pyroptotic, anti-migratory, protective and anti-fibrotic activities. Relaxin H3 (human) acts on RXFP1 to generate cAMP and reduce the levels of ATP and ROS. Relaxin H3 (human) inhibits renal inflammatory pyroptosis (pyroptosis), NLRP3 inflammasome activation, caspase-1 activation, IL-1β/IL-18 secretion, collagen synthesis, TGF-β1 signaling pathway, Smad2 phosphorylation, myofibroblast differentiation, TIMP expression, and HRMEC migration. Relaxin H3 (human) activates AMPK, upregulates MFN2 expression, improves mitochondrial quality control and membrane potential, inhibits apoptosis (apoptosis) and pyroptosis, restores retinal ultrastructure, and reverses excessive left ventricular collagen expression. Relaxin H3 (human) can be used in studies related to kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, fibrotic cardiomyopathy, and diabetic retinopathy.
    Relaxin H3 (human)
  • HY-128483R
    Fusaric acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Fusaric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fusaric acid (HY-128483). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fusaric acid is an orally active multi-pathway inhibitor with the activity of inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Fusaric acid can chelate divalent metal cations, damage mitochondrial membrane structure, and activate apoptosis-related proteases such as Caspase-3/7, -8, and -9. Fusaric acid also regulates Bax/Bcl-2 protein, inhibits fibrosis-related signaling pathways such as NF-κB, TGF-β1/SMADs, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and reduces collagen deposition. Fusaric acid is also a dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitor, which reduces endogenous levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine in the brain, heart, spleen, and adrenal glands. Fusaric acid can play a role in myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac hypertrophy in heart disease, and can also be used in the study of esophageal cancer and liver cancer.
    Fusaric acid (Standard)
  • HY-146056
    Anabolic agent-1
    		Activator
    Compounds, as a new type of bone morphogenetic protein-2 up regulator, can not only correct the bone loss in patients, but also have a wide range of clinical applicability.
    Anabolic agent-1
  • HY-100438R
    Hydronidone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Hydronidone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hydronidone (HY-100438). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hydronidone is an orally active pyridine derivative. Hydronidone is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX) as well as TGF-β. Hydronidone induces mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptosis. Hydronidone can be used for liver fibrosis, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer study.
    Hydronidone (Standard)
  • HY-121246R
    Fluorofenidone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Fluorofenidone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluorofenidone (AKF-PD) (HY-121246). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluorofenidone is an orally active compound with anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects. Fluorofenidone downregulates the expression of ACSL4, upregulates GPX4 expression and inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate inflammation and fibrosis. Fluorofenidone ameliorates cholestasis and fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic Erk/-Egr-1 signaling and Tgfβ1/Smad pathway in mice. Fluorofenidone demonstrates protective effects against chronic lung injury in mice. Fluorofenidone can be used for the study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (PIF) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
    Fluorofenidone (Standard)
  • HY-N0546R
    Ligustroflavone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ligustroflavone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ligustroflavone (HY-N0546). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ligustroflavone is an orally active flavonoid compound. Ligustroflavone can be extracted from Ligustrum lucidum. Ligustroflavone antagonizes the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), inhibits the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway, and downregulates TGF-β/Smad signaling. Ligustroflavone regulates calcium metabolism, protects bone tissue, reduces cerebral ischemic injury, and inhibits liver fibrosis. Ligustroflavone can be used in the study of diabetic osteoporosis, ischemic stroke, and liver fibrosis.
    Ligustroflavone (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity