2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. iGluR

iGluR

Ionotropic glutamate receptors

iGluR

Related Products

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iGluR (ionotropic glutamate receptor) is a ligand-gated ion channel that is activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. iGluR are integral membrane proteins compose of four large subunits that form a central ion channel pore. Sequence similarity among all known glutamate receptor subunits, including the AMPA, kainate, NMDA, and δ receptors.

AMPA receptors are the main charge carriers during basal transmission, permitting influx of sodium ions to depolarise the postsynaptic membrane. NMDA receptors are blocked by magnesium ions and therefore only permit ion flux following prior depolarisation. This enables them to act as coincidence detectors for synaptic plasticity. Calcium influx through NMDA receptors leads to persistent modifications in the strength of synaptic transmission.

iGluR Isoform Specific Products:

iGluR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-101363
    1-BCP
    		Modulator 99.90%
    1-BCP (Piperonylic acid piperidide) is a centrally active agent that modulates AMPA receptor gated currents. 1-BCP is a memory-enhancing agent.
    1-BCP
  • HY-W266188
    Decanoic acid-13C
    		98.0%
    Decanoic acid-13C is the 13C-labeled Decanoic acid (HY-W015309). Decanoic acid is a key component of the medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) found in coconut oil. Decanoic acid is a brain-penetrant and non-competitive inhibitor of AMPA receptor showing antiseizure activity in rats. Decanoic acid reduces tyrosinase activity and inhibits melanosome maturation. Decanoic acid suppresses the phosphorylation of c-Met and induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by inhibiting the expression of various oncogenic proteins, which is promising for research in the field of mTORC1 signaling, HCC and epilepsy.
    Decanoic acid-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-N2125R
    Parishin C (Standard)
    Parishin C (Standard) is the analytical standard of Parishin C (HY-N2125). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Parishin C is a brain-penetrant major bioactive component found in Gastrodia elata Blume. Parishin C is a 5-HT1A receptor agonist with an EC50 of 34 nM. Parishin C has antipsychotic and neuroprotective effects. Parishin C protects against Aβ-induced long-term potentiation damage and NMDA receptor current impairment. Parishin C reduces oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, caspase activity, brain water content, and cerebral infarct volume; increases antioxidant enzyme activity and BDNF levels; improves nerve function and histopathological brain damage. Parishin C attenuates phencyclidine-induced immobility time increases, sociability deficits, and visual recognition memory impairment. Parishin C can be used for the research of ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia-like psychosis.
    Parishin C (Standard)
  • HY-101178
    L-689560
    		MDM2 Inhibitor 99.29%
    L-689560 is a potent N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist at the GluN1 glycine binding site. L-689560 is widely used as a radiolabeled ligand in binding studies and used for study the roles of NMDA receptors in normal neurological processes as well as in diseases.
    L-689560
  • HY-100822A
    (S)-(-)-HA 966
    		Antagonist ≥98.0%
    (S)-(-)-HA 966 ((-)-HA 966), a γ-Hydroxybutyrate-like agent, is weakly active as an NMDA-receptor antagonist. (S)-(-)-HA 966 possesses muscle relaxant action and prevents enhanced mesocorticolimbic dopamine metabolism and behavioral correlates of restraint stress, conditioned fear.
    (S)-(-)-HA 966
  • HY-103229
    Cl-HIBO
    		Agonist 99.0%
    Cl-HIBO is a highly subtype-selective GluR1/2 agonist (EC50=4.7 and 1.7 μM, respectively). Cl-HIBO is a potent AMPA receptor agonist (IC50=0.22 μM). Cl-HIBO has desensitizing properties.
    Cl-HIBO
  • HY-14608S10
    L-Glutamic acid-13C2
    		99.7%
    L-Glutamic acid-13C2 is the 13C labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.
    L-Glutamic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-163097
    ZCAN262
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    ZCAN262 (compound 6 ) is an AMPA modulator. ZCAN262 prevents AMPA-mediated excitotoxicity by targeting an allosteric binding site.
    ZCAN262
  • HY-W835175
    Neramexane hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.49%
    Neramexane hydrochloride is an oral N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, as a potential neuroprotectant for various central nervous system disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, and for the potential study of drug and alcohol dependence, and pain.
    Neramexane hydrochloride
  • HY-21297
    3,5-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid
    		Modulator
    3,5-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid is a Naphthoic acid derivative. Naphthoic acid is a NMDA receptor allosteric modulator.
    3,5-Dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid
  • HY-12294
    PEAQX
    		Antagonist
    PEAQX (NVP-AAM077) is an orally active and selective NMDA antagonist, with IC50 values of 270 nM and 29.6 μM for hNMDAR 1A/2A and hNMDAR 1A/2B, respectively. PEAQX can promote the activation of caspase-3 and induce cell apoptosis in cortical striatal slice cultures.
    PEAQX
  • HY-13059A
    SDZ 220-581 Ammonium salt
    		Antagonist 98.61%
    SDZ 220-581 Ammonium salt is an orally active, potent, competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with pKi value of 7.7.
    SDZ 220-581 Ammonium salt
  • HY-15069A
    Fanapanel hydrate
    		Antagonist 99.70%
    Fanapanel hydrate (ZK200775 hydrate) is a highly selective AMPA/kainate antagonist with little activity against NMDA; have Ki values of 3.2 nM, 100 nM, and 8.5 μM against quisqualate, kainate, and NMDA, respectively.
    Fanapanel hydrate
  • HY-13059B
    SDZ 220-581 hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.48%
    SDZ 220-581 hydrochloride is an orally active, potent, competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with pKi value of 7.7.
    SDZ 220-581 hydrochloride
  • HY-16713
    (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine
    		Agonist
    (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine ((5S)-Fluorowillardiine; (S)-5-Fluorowillardiine) is a potent, highly selective non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR, AMPA/Kainate receptor) agonist. (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine activates high-affinity AMPA-preferring receptors (EC50 = 0.70 μM) and low-affinity kainate-preferring receptors (EC50 = 170 μM), thereby inducing biphasic dose-dependent neurotoxicity/excitotoxicity. (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine is applicable to research related to schizophrenia, temporal lobe epilepsy, and bipolar disorder.
    (S)-(-)-5-Fluorowillardiine
  • HY-17555R
    Meclofenoxate hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Activator
    Meclofenoxate (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Meclofenoxate (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Meclofenoxate hydrochloride is an ester synthesized from DMAE and pCPA, which has the activity of stimulating memory and improving cognition.
    Meclofenoxate hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-I0096R
    Indole-2-carboxylic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Indole-2-carboxylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indole-2-carboxylic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indole-2-carboxylic acid is a strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2CA) specifically and competitively inhibits the potentiation by glycine of NMDA-gated current.
    Indole-2-carboxylic acid (Standard)
  • HY-17553R
    Coluracetam (Standard)
    		Activator
    Coluracetam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Coluracetam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Coluracetam (MKC-231) is a new choline absorption enhancer.
    Coluracetam (Standard)
  • HY-12962
    NMDA-IN-1
    		Antagonist 98.98%
    NMDA-IN-1 is a potent and NR2B-selective NMDA antagonist with Ki of 0.85 nM; NR2B Ca2+ influx IC50 is 9.7 nM; no activities on NR2A, NR2C, NR2D, hERG-channel and α1-adrenergic receptor.
    NMDA-IN-1
  • HY-N0215S
    L-Phenylalanine-d7
    		Antagonist 99.90%
    L-Phenylalanine-d7 is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.
    L-Phenylalanine-d<sub>7</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
iGluR Isoform Comparison

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