2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-184115
    JHB-17
    		Inhibitor
    JHB-17 is an IKKβ inhibitor with blood-brain barrier permeability, with an IC50 of 1.1 μM and a KD of 1.293 μM. JHB-17 is a non-ATP competitive inhibitor targeting the allosteric site of IKKβ, and it inhibits the phosphorylation of IKKβ. JHB-17 promotes the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, upregulates the expression of HO-1, SLC7A11 and glutathione, and reduces ROS to exert antioxidant effects. JHB-17 reduces cerebral infarction volume and improves neurobehavioral function. JHB-17 can be used in the research of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    JHB-17
  • HY-P11743
    Mitochondrial penetrating peptide
    Mitochondrial penetrating peptide is a peptide sequence (FrFKFrFK-CONH2) that selectively transports cargo into mitochondria. Mitochondrial penetrating peptide possesses special physicochemical properties, enabling it to selectively translocate dinuclear Ru (II) polypyridine complexes into mitochondria of living mammalian cells without the aid of solvents or membrane permeabilization treatments, thus achieving precise mitochondrial localization and enrichment of the complexes while excluding their distribution in the nucleus. Mitochondrial penetrating peptide enables dynamic monitoring of mitochondrial oxygen concentration and ROS production in living mammalian cells via changes in the luminescence lifetime of the coupled Ru (II) complex.
    Mitochondrial penetrating peptide
  • HY-B0347S1
    Lacidipine-13C8
    Lacidipine-13C8 is the deuterium labeled Lacidipine. Lacidipine is an orally active and highly selective L-type calcium channel blocker that acts on smooth muscle calcium channels, primarily dilates peripheral arteries, reduces peripheral resistance, and has long-lasting anti-hypertensive activity. Lacidipine protects HKCs from apoptosis induced by ATP depletion and recovery by modulating the caspase-3 pathway. Lacidipine can be used in studies of hypertension, atherosclerosis and acute kidney injury (AKI).
    Lacidipine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-B0835R
    Fenobucarb (Standard)
    		Activator
    Fenobucarb (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fenobucarb. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fenobucarb is a carbamate insecticide. Fenobucarb induces zebrafish developmental neurotoxicity through pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, degeneration and apoptosis. Fenobucarb is a possible risk factor to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems in animals.
    Fenobucarb (Standard)
  • HY-D0113
    7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone
    7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone (compound 2b) is a fluorescent hydroxylated product. 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone can be used for detecting hydroxyl radicals of DNA damage.
    7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone
  • HY-129214
    (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin
    (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin is a spin trapping agent consists of DEPMPO (HY-120976) and Biotin (HY-B0511). (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin captures macromolecule free radicals in lesions.
    (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin
  • HY-146105
    Anticancer agent 65
    		Inducer
    Anticancer agent 65 (compound 4c) shows excellent activity in cancer cell lines, especially A549 cells, with an IC50 of 1.07 μM. Anticancer agent 65 induces S-phase arrest in A549 cells and increases the expression level of p53 and p21. Anticancer agent 65 causes apoptosis, ROS generation and collapse of MMP in A549 cells.
    Anticancer agent 65
  • HY-P10371
    PKHB1
    		Activator
    PKHB1 (txCD47) is a CD47 agonist and Thrombospondin-1 peptide mimetic. PKHB1 activates CD47 and triggers Caspase-independent, calcium-dependent cell death via mitochondrial alterations, ROS production, endoplasmic reticulum morphological changes, and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential. PKHB1 induces the exposure of Calreticulin, HSP70, and HSP90, thereby driving immunogenic cell death. PKHB1 promotes intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and inhibits breast tumorigenesis. PKHB1 reduces HSV-1 levels and alleviates the severity of herpes simplex keratitis. PKHB1 can be used in research related to breast cancer, herpes simplex keratitis, and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    PKHB1
  • HY-180112
    SH543
    		Inhibitor
    SH543 is a potent anti-osteoporosis agent. SH543 inhibits nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis with an IC50 of 3.3 nM. SH543 directly binds to KEAP1, activates the Nrf2-HO-1 antioxidant pathway, reduces ROS levels, and inhibits PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. SH543 attenuates pathological bone loss in ovariectomized mice. SH543 can be used for osteoporosis research.
    SH543
  • HY-139207A
    Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride
    Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids, is used as a dietary supplement. Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride also is a natural constituent of glycosaminoglycans in the cartilage matrix and synovial fluid, which when administered exogenously, exerts pharmacological effects on osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes.
    Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride
  • HY-182603
    BO-653
    		Inhibitor
    BO-653 is an orally active anti-atherosclerotic antioxidant that exhibits high binding affinity for LDL. BO-653 scavenges linoleic acid peroxyl radicals, inhibits lipid peroxidation during the auto-oxidation of linoleic acid, and potently suppresses LDL oxidation. BO-653 inhibits Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) replication in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 36.0 μM against the HCV subgenomic replicon in FLR3-1 cells. BO-653 demonstrates significant anti-atherosclerotic effects in various animal models, including the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit. BO-653 is suitable for use in research related to atherosclerosis and Hepatitis C Virus infection.
    BO-653
  • HY-168300
    Antiangiogenic agent 7
    		Activator
    Antiangiogenic agent 7 (Compound 1) can induce cell apoptosis, increase Reactive Oxygen Species, and inhibit the intracellular enzyme thioredoxin reductase. Antiangiogenic agent 7 has anti-cancer activity, with an IC50 of 0.08-3.5 μM against cervical cancer cells HeLa, prostate cancer cells PC-3, and non-small cell lung cancer A549. Antiangiogenic agent 7 inhibits tumor growth in mouse xenograft models.
    Antiangiogenic agent 7
  • HY-N0502R
    Mogroside V (Standard)
    Mogroside V (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mogroside V. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mogroside V is a the major active constituent of a traditional Chinese medicine Siraitiae Fructus. Mogroside V reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhances mitochondrial function. Mogroside V has anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Mogroside V can be used for diabetic diseases research.
    Mogroside V (Standard)
  • HY-175985
    MPO-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    MPO-IN-9 is a selective inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO), with an IC50 value of 3.9 nM. MPO-IN-9 inhibits MPO-mediated ROS production and protects NO-dependent vascular function by blocking MPO's chlorination and peroxidation cycles. MPO-IN-9 can be used for the study of diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
    MPO-IN-9
  • HY-183751
    Antibacterial agent 346
    		Activator
    Antibacterial agent 346 (Compound H14d) is a broad-spectrum Antibacterial agent and BsFtsZ inhibitor, with an IC50 of 69.67 μg/mL against BsFtsZ. Antibacterial agent 346 selectively binds to phosphatidylglycerol, disrupts membrane integrity, increases permeability, triggers depolarization and causes intracellular protein leakage. Antibacterial agent 346 induces intracellular ROS accumulation, which in turn triggers oxidative stress and cell death. Antibacterial agent 346 eradicates mature biofilms formed by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial agent 346 exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibacterial agent 346 can be used in the research of bacterial infections.
    Antibacterial agent 346
  • HY-12040S
    Elesclomol-d2
    Elesclomol-d2 (STA-4783-d2) is a deuterium labeled Elesclomol (HY-12040). Elesclomol (STA-4783) is a potent copper ionophore and promotes copper-dependent cell death (cuproptosis). Elesclomol specifically binds ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) α2/α3 helices and β5 strand. Elesclomol inhibits FDX1-mediated Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. Elesclomol is an oxidative stress inducer that induces cancer cell apoptosis. Elesclomol is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer. Elesclomol can be used for Menkes and associated disorders of hereditary copper deficiency research.
    Elesclomol-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-101445G
    Trolox (GMP)
    Trolox (GMP) is Trolox (HY-101445) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Trolox is an analogue of vitamin E with a powerful antioxidant effect. Trolox is also a powerful inhibitor of membrane damage.
    Trolox (GMP)
  • HY-179052
    Apoptosis inducer 50
    		Activator
    Apoptosis inducer 50 (Compound 5e) is an apoptosis inducer as well as an autophagy inducer agent. Apoptosis inducer 50 exhibits potent and selective anti-cancer activity against triple-negative breast cancer cells and metastatic colon cancer cells. Apoptosis inducer 50 upregulates the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bim, cleaved Caspase-9) and downregulates the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein (BCL-XL). Apoptosis inducer 50 upregulates key autophagy markers such as Beclin-1 and ATG5, and enhances the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II., Apoptosis inducer 50 arrests cancer cells in the G1/S phase by upregulating the expression of p21 and p27 while downregulating Cyclin D1. Apoptosis inducer 50 increases the level of ROS.
    Apoptosis inducer 50
  • HY-101087R
    Benzenesulphonamide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Benzenesulphonamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzenesulphonamide (HY-101087). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzenesulphonamide (Compound 1) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Benzenesulphonamide exhibits CA II inhibitory activity. Benzenesulphonamide reduces ROS and improves the gene expression of amyloid-β40 and 42. Benzenesulphonamide is beneficial for Alzheimer's disease. Benzenesulphonamide derivatives have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anticonvulsant activities. Benzenesulphonamide can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, inflammatory diseases, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, and colon cancer.
    Benzenesulphonamide (Standard)
  • HY-183589
    Ferroptosis-IN-26
    		Inhibitor
    Ferroptosis-IN-26 is a CEPT1-targeting ferroptosis inhibitor. Ferroptosis-IN-26 enhances CEPT1-dependent phosphatidylcholine remodeling to enrich cellular membranes with monounsaturated fatty acid-containing phosphatidylcholine (PC-MUFA). Ferroptosis-IN-26 suppresses lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis-IN-26 can be used for the research of acute liver injury.
    Ferroptosis-IN-26
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity