2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B2176I
    ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade
    ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β and chemokines secretion. ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade has anti-bacterial infection effects and can protect mice against bacterial infection in mice.
    ATP disodium salt, 100 mM Solution, PCR Grade
  • HY-126833A
    Myristoyl coenzyme A lithium
    Myristoyl coenzyme A lithium is lithium-labeled myristoylated coenzyme A (CoA). Myristoylation is an essential process in viruses and is generally controlled by N-myristoyltransferase (NMT). And NMT is more active in colon epithelial tumors than in normal cells. Reduced Ccoenzyme A (CoA) is known to be a key regulator of NMT activity, whereas oxidized CoA does not allow NMT to promote myristoylation. Myristoyl coenzyme A blocks the demyristoylation process and has potential anticancer and antiviral mechanisms.
    Myristoyl coenzyme A lithium
  • HY-W066890
    4-Nitrocatechol
    		99.73%
    4-Nitrocatechol is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor.
    4-Nitrocatechol
  • HY-N0650S5
    L-Serine-13C3,15N
    		99.9%
    L-Serine-13C3,15N is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Serine. L-Serine ((-)-Serine; (S)-Serine), one of the so-called non-essential amino acids, plays a central role in cellular proliferation.
    L-Serine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N
  • HY-113082
    L-Thyronine
    		98.73%
    L-Thyronine is a deiodinated thyroxine.
    L-Thyronine
  • HY-40135S
    L-Hydroxyproline-d3
    		99.94%
    L-Hydroxyproline-d3 is the deuterium labeled L-Hydroxyproline. L-Hydroxyproline, one of the hydroxyproline (Hyp) isomers, is a useful chiral building block in the production of many pharmaceuticals.
    L-Hydroxyproline-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N4067
    Isochenodeoxycholic acid
    		99.90%
    Isochenodeoxycholic acid (isoCDCA) is a FXR agonist. Isochenodeoxycholic acid activates the activity of FXR and induces the mRNA expression of FXR target genes (Ostβ and Kng1). Isochenodeoxycholic acid serves as a substrate for the liver class I ADH γγ isozyme-mediated 3β-dehydrogenation reaction.
    Isochenodeoxycholic acid
  • HY-148385
    Ganglioside GM2
    		98.0%
    Ganglioside GM2 is a human tumor antigen predominantly found in human tumor cells and fetal brain tissue. As a sialylated glycosphingolipid, Ganglioside GM2 is involved in processes such as cell signaling, adhesion, and motility. Ganglioside GM2 abnormal expression and accumulation are associated with tumors and neurodegenerative disorders. Ganglioside GM2 promotes tumor cell migration and invasion by directly binding to the integrin β1 receptor, activating the FAK/Src/Erk-MAPK signaling pathway, and inducing actin cytoskeleton remodeling.
    Ganglioside GM2
  • HY-113340
    2-Furoylglycine
    		99.93%
    2-Furoylglycine, a urinary metabolite in human, is a putative biomarker for coffee consumption.
    2-Furoylglycine
  • HY-113020
    21-Hydroxypregnenolone
    		98.05%
    21-Hydroxypregnenolone is a CYP17 inhibitor. 21-Hydroxypregnenolone competitively inhibits CYP17-mediated 17α-hydroxylation activity of progesterone, with a Ki value of 36.4 μM.
    21-Hydroxypregnenolone
  • HY-B0739A
    Citicoline sodium
    		99.77%
    Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.
    Citicoline sodium
  • HY-16637D
    Folic acid disodium
    		98.56%
    Folic acid disodium (Vitamin B9 disodium; Vitamin M disodium) is an orally active disodium salt form of Folic acid (HY-16637) with an intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of 4.96·105 g/s. Folic acid disodium serves as cofactor in single-carbon transfer reactions and exhibits protective effects against neural tube defects, ischemic events, and cancer. Folate acid disodium overload leads to impaired brain development in embryogenesis and promotes growth of precancerous altered cells. Folic acid deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia.
    Folic acid disodium
  • HY-164238
    LysoPC(18:3)
    		Chemical
    LysoPC (18:3) is a type of lysophospholipid metabolite with biomarker properties. LysoPC (18:3) stably exists in human follicular fluid, and its abundance dynamically changes with age, synchronously regulating the body's lipid metabolism process, follicular development process and oocyte maturation process. The down-regulation of LysoPC (18:3) content is associated with breast cancer lesions and follicular aging changes accompanied by in vitro fertilization in elderly women. LysoPC (18:3) can be used in studies related to breast cancer and infertility in elderly women.
    LysoPC(18:3)
  • HY-P2746
    Carboxypeptidase B, Porcine pancreas
    Carboxypeptidase B, Porcine pancreas (EC 3.4.2.2) is a peptide exonuclease that can specifically degrade peptide chains. Carboxypeptidase B is progressively degraded from the C-terminal to release free amino acids. Carboxypeptidase B hydrolyzes only peptide bonds with basic amino acids (such as arginine and lysine) as C-terminal residues.
    Carboxypeptidase B, Porcine pancreas
  • HY-N0610AS
    Cinnamic acid-d6
    		99.9%
    Cinnamic acid-d6 is the deuterium labeled Cinnamic acid. Cinnamic acid has potential use in cancer intervention, with IC50s of 1-4.5 mM in glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate and lung carcinoma cells.
    Cinnamic acid-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-111769
    Taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate
    		98.0%
    Taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate is a bile salt found in urine.
    Taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate
  • HY-W040307
    Saccharopine
    		99.64%
    Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine), a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis.
    Saccharopine
  • HY-N6974
    Ascr#2
    		98.0%
    Ascr#2 (Ascaroside C6) is an ascaroside isolated from Caenorhabditis elegans, potently promotes dauer formation, and also acts as a potent male attractant combined with Ascr#3 (HY-N6977) at low concentration.
    Ascr#2
  • HY-Y0069S
    N-Acetylglycine-d5
    N-Acetylglycine-d5 (Aceturic acid-d5) is the deuterium labeled N-Acetylglycine (HY-Y0069). N-Acetylglycine (Aceturic acid) is a minor constituent of numerous foods. N-Acetylglycine is a flavor enhancer which elicits Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-like sensory experiencesN-Acetylglycine.
    N-Acetylglycine-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-N3018
    Isomaltose
    		98.0%
    Isomaltose (6-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose) is a glucose disaccharide. Isomaltose induces G-CSF secretion via heat-induced oxidative polymerization of glucose groups into high-molecular-weight compounds. Isomaltose modulates cecal bacterial cluster structure in mice. Isomaltose exhibits low glycemic index, slow hydrolysis, and prebiotic properties. Isomaltose reduces in vivo Cryptosporidium parvum colonization in neonatal mice. Isomaltose can be used for the research of Cryptosporidium parvum infection.
    Isomaltose
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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