2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Cytoskeleton
  4. Microtubule/Tubulin

Microtubule/Tubulin

Microtubule/Tubulin

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Microtubules are a component of the cytoskeleton, found throughout the cytoplasm. These tubular polymers of tubulin can grow as long as 50 micrometres, with an average length of 25 µm, and are highly dynamic. The outer diameter of a microtubule is about 24 nm while the inner diameter is about 12 nm. Microtubules are found in eukaryotic cells and are formed by the polymerization of a dimer of two globular proteins, alpha and beta tubulin. Tubulin is one of several members of a small family of globular proteins. The tubulin superfamily includes five distinct families, the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, and epsilon-tubulins and a sixth family which is present only in kinetoplastid protozoa. The most common members of the tubulin family are α-tubulin and β-tubulin, the proteins that make up microtubules. Microtubules are very important in a number of cellular processes. They are involved in maintaining the structure of the cell.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-12033
    2-Methoxyestradiol
    		Inhibitor 99.82%
    2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), an orally active endogenous metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), is an apoptosis inducer and an angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol also destablize microtubules. 2-Methoxyestradio, also a potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor and a ROS-generating agent, induces autophagy in the transformed cell line HEK293 and the cancer cell lines U87 and HeLa.
    2-Methoxyestradiol
  • HY-14536
    Methylene Blue
    		Inhibitor
    Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene Blue is a photosensitizer and redox agent. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation.
    Methylene Blue
  • HY-N0488A
    Vincristine
    		Inhibitor 98.60%
    Vincristine (Leurocristine; NSC-67574; 22-Oxovincaleukoblastine) is a microtubule inhibitor that disrupts microtubule polymerization by binding to β-tubulin (with a Ki of 85 nM in bovine), arrests the cell cycle and induces apoptosis. Vincristine inhibits cell replication, tumor blood flow and the proliferation of various cancer cells, while triggering effects such as oxidative stress, inflammation, calcium overload, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and peripheral neuropathic pain. Vincristine upregulates the expression of various transporters and nuclear receptors, and enriches gastric cancer stem-like cells. Vincristine is used in research related to various tumors including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, gastric cancer, solid tumors and sarcomas.
    Vincristine
  • HY-164992
    Trastuzumab vedotin
    		Inhibitor
    Trastuzumab vedotin (MRG002; Trastuzumab MMAE) is an antibody-drug conjugate and cytotoxin targeting HER2, with a Kd of 7.50E-11 M for human HER2. After binding to HER2, Trastuzumab vedotin undergoes internalization and lysosomal trafficking, delivering a cytotoxic payload to HER2-expressing cells and inducing tumor regression in in vivo xenograft models with HER2-expressing tumors. The anti-tumor activity of Trastuzumab vedotin is enhanced when used in combination with anti-PD-1 antibodies, and it exhibits preclinical anti-tumor activity in drug-resistant breast cancer, gastric cancer, and urothelial carcinoma PDX models. Trastuzumab vedotin has low antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity and can be used in studies related to HER2-positive breast cancer, HER2-positive gastric cancer, and unresectable locally advanced or metastatic HER2-positive urothelial carcinoma.
    Trastuzumab vedotin
  • HY-17595
    Mebendazole
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Mebendazole is a highly effective, broad-spectrum antihelmintic against nematode infestations. Mebendazole also exhibits inhibitory effect against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), inhibits Hedgehog pathway and tubulin polymerization. Mebendazole is orally active and can cross CNS penetration.
    Mebendazole
  • HY-132840
    Sovilnesib
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Sovilnesib (AMG 650) is a potent, orally active kinesin-like protein KIF18A inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.071 μM. Sovilnesib can be used for the research of cancer.
    Sovilnesib
  • HY-10340
    Tirbanibulin
    		Inhibitor 99.45%
    Tirbanibulin (KX2-391) is an inhibitor of Src that targets the peptide substrate site of Src, with GI50 of 9-60 nM in cancer cell lines.
    Tirbanibulin
  • HY-164153
    ADC Control Human IgG1-vcMMAE (solution)
    		Inhibitor 98.08%
    ADC Control Human IgG1-vcMMAE (solution) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that is an isotype control of ADC human IgG1-vcMMAE and can inhibit tubulin polymerization. The antibody portion is Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001), and the drug-linker conjugate for ADC is vcMMAE (HY-15575).
    ADC Control Human IgG1-vcMMAE (solution)
  • HY-B0223
    Albendazole
    		Inhibitor 99.05%
    Albendazole (SKF-62979) is an orally active and broad-spectrum parasiticide with high effectiveness and low host toxicity, is used for the research of gastrointestinal parasites in humans and animals. Albendazole induces apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Albendazole also inhibits tubulin polymerization and HIF-1α, VEGF expression, has antioxidant activity, and inhibits the glycolytic process in cancer cells.
    Albendazole
  • HY-B0413
    Fenbendazole
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Fenbendazole is an orally active benzimidazole anthelmintic agent, with a broad antiparasitic range. Fenbendazole is a microtubule destabilizing agent and acts on helminthes primarily by binding to tubulin and disrupting the tubulin microtubule equilibrium. Fenbendazole stabilizes the transcriptional activator HIF-1α. Fenbendazole possesses an efficient anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Fenbendazole causes cell-cycle arrest and mitotic cell death, and has antitumor activity in mice xenografted with wild-type p53.
    Fenbendazole
  • HY-15741
    Mc-MMAE
    		Inhibitor 99.41%
    Mc-MMAE is a protective group (maleimidocaproyl)-conjugated monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), which is a potent tubulin inhibitor. Mc-MMAE is a agent-linker conjugate for ADC.
    Mc-MMAE
  • HY-B0011A
    Docetaxel Trihydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Docetaxel Trihydrate (RP-56976 Trihydrate) is an antineoplastic agent and inhibits microtubule depolymerization with an IC50 value of 0.2 μM. Docetaxel Trihydrate is a semisynthetic analog of taxol and attenuates the effects of bcl-2 and bcl-xL gene expression. Docetaxel Trihydrate arrests the cell cycle at G2/M and leads to cell apoptosis.
    Docetaxel Trihydrate
  • HY-164239
    NH2-PEG3-VC-PAB-MMAE
    		Inhibitor 99.10%
    NH2-PEG3-VC-PAB-MMAE is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC, consisting of a cleavable ADC linker (NH2-PEG3-VC-PAB) and a potent tubulin inhibitor Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) (HY-15162). NH2-PEG3-VC-PAB-MMAE can be used in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
    NH2-PEG3-VC-PAB-MMAE
  • HY-N2146
    Combretastatin A4
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Combretastatin A4 is a microtubule-targeting agent that binds β-tubulin with Kd of 0.4 μM.
    Combretastatin A4
  • HY-13674
    Maytansine
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Maytansine is a highly potent microtubule-targeted compound that induces mitotic arrest and kills tumor cells at subnanomolar concentrations.
    Maytansine
  • HY-171135
    Cetuximab MMAE
    		Inhibitor 99.53%
    Cetuximab MMAE is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the EGFR-targeting humanized monoclonal antibody Cetuximab (HY-P9905) conjugated to VcMMAE (HY-15575). Cetuximab MMAE exhibits antitumor activity.
    Cetuximab MMAE
  • HY-15162R
    Monomethyl auristatin E (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Monomethyl auristatin E (HY-15162). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Monomethyl auristatin E is a synthetic derivative of dolastatin 10 and functions as a potent mitotic inhibitor by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. MMAE is widely used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) against several different cancer types.
    Monomethyl auristatin E (Standard)
  • HY-147092
    Oryzalin
    		Inhibitor 99.62%
    Oryzalin is a dinitroaniline herbicide with antimitotic and antileishmanial activities. Oryzalin can bind to plant tubulin, inhibit the polymerization of microtubules in plant cells, and affect chromosome migration. Oryzalin can also be used to induce chromosome doubling.
    Oryzalin
  • HY-10222
    Ixabepilone
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Ixabepilone (BMS-247550) is an orally bioavailable microtubule inhibitor, which binds to tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule stabilization, thereby arrests cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and induces tumor cell apoptosis.
    Ixabepilone
  • HY-33046
    N-Boc-dolaproine
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    N-Boc-dolaproine ((2R,3R)-BOC-dolaproine) is the amino acid residue of the pentapeptide Dolastatin 10 (HY-15580). Dolastatin 10 inhibits tubulin polymerization and mitosis and has anticancer activity.
    N-Boc-dolaproine
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity