Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive, is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells. It commonly affects middle-aged and older adults, presenting with symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly, along with neutrophilic leukocytosis. The disease typically begins in a chronic phase, which may progress to an accelerated phase or blast crisis without treatment. Management involves tyrosine kinase inhibitors to target the BCR-ABL1 protein, significantly improving survival, alongside allogeneic stem cell transplantation in select cases.