2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-124428
    ASP6537
    		99.02%
    ASP6537 is a potent and selective rhCOX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.703 nM. ASP6537 has the potential for cardiovascular disease research.
    ASP6537
  • HY-17479A
    Amfenac Sodium Hydrate
    		Inhibitor 98.33%
    Amfenac Sodium Hydrate is a COX-2 inhibitor.
    Amfenac Sodium Hydrate
  • HY-134996
    N-Acetyl-2-carboxybenzenesulfonamide
    		Inhibitor 98.09%
    N-Acetyl-2-carboxybenzenesulfonamide is an orally active COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.06 μM and 0.25 μM, respectively. N-Acetyl-2-carboxybenzenesulfonamide shows anti-inflammatory activity.
    N-Acetyl-2-carboxybenzenesulfonamide
  • HY-B0008S
    Sulindac-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.4%
    Sulindac-d3 is deuterium labeled Sulindac. Sulindac (MK-231) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acts as a COX-2 inhibitor, and inhibits overexpression of COX-2.
    Sulindac-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N7630
    Rehmapicrogenin
    		Inhibitor
    Rehmapicrogenin, isolated from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6.
    Rehmapicrogenin
  • HY-14398S1
    Celecoxib-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    Celecoxib-d3 is the deuterium labeled Celecoxib. Celecoxib,a selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 40 nM.
    Celecoxib-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-123823
    Nitroaspirin
    		Inhibitor 98.57%
    Nitroaspirin (NCX 4016) is a nitric oxide (NO) donor and a nitro-derivative of Aspirin, which combines with Nitroaspirin to inhibit cyclooxygenase. Nitroaspirin (NCX 4016) has antithrombotic and anti-platelet properties and acts as a direct and irreversible inhibitor of COX-1. Nitroaspirin (NCX 4016) causes significant induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells via down-regulation of EGFR/PI3K/STAT3 signaling and modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins.
    Nitroaspirin
  • HY-14397S
    Indomethacin-d4
    		Inhibitor 99.78%
    Indomethacin-d4 (Indometacin-d4) is a deuterium labeled Indomethacin. Indomethacin is a potent, blood-brain permeable and nonselective inhibitor of COX1 and COX2, with IC50s of 18 nM and 26 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively, in CHO cells. Indomethacin disrupts autophagic flux by disturbing the normal functioning of lysosomes.
    Indomethacin-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-119447
    Mavacoxib
    		Inhibitor 99.04%
    Mavacoxib is a selective, oral long-acting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor and a long-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Mavacoxib is used to treat pain and inflammation associated with degenerative joint disease in dogs.
    Mavacoxib
  • HY-78131AS
    (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen-d3 is a deuterium labeled (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen. (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen is the S(+)-enantiomer of Ibuprofen that inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 activity with IC50s of 2.1 μM and 1.6 μM. (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen has analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic effects.
    (S)-(+)-Ibuprofen-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-15037S2
    Diclofenac-13C6 sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Diclofenac-13C6 (Sodium) is the 13C6 labeled Diclofenac (Sodium). Diclofenac Sodium (GP 45840) is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 and 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells, and 5.1 and 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Diclofenac Sodium induces apoptosis of neural stem cells (NSCs) via the activation of the caspase cascade.
    Diclofenac-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub> sodium
  • HY-B1355
    Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate
    		Inhibitor 98.02%
    Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate is a Phenylbutazone (HY-B0230) metabolite, with anti-inflammatory effect. Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate selectively kills non-replicating Mycobaterium tuberculosis.
    Oxyphenbutazone monohydrate
  • HY-N4226
    1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid is an AP-1 inhibitor which can be found in Cordyceps bassiana. 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid downregulates the expression of COX-2. 1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid can be used for the study of atopic dermatitis.
    1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid
  • HY-U00175
    Pamicogrel
    		Inhibitor 99.44%
    Pamicogrel (KBT3022) is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor.
    Pamicogrel
  • HY-119304
    GW-406381
    		Inhibitor 99.69%
    GW406381, a highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, attenuates spontaneous ectopic discharge in sural nerves of rats following chronic constriction injury.
    GW-406381
  • HY-Y0189S
    Methyl Salicylate-d4
    		99.8%
    Methyl Salicylate-d4 is the deuterium labeled Methyl Salicylate. Methyl Salicylate (Wintergreen oil) is a topical analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. Also used as a pesticide, a denaturant, a fragrance ingredient, and a flavoring agent in food and tobacco products. A systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signal in tobacco. A topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID). Methyl salicylate lactoside is a COX inhibitor.
    Methyl Salicylate-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-B0261S2
    Meloxicam-13C,d3
    		Inhibitor ≥99.90%
    Meloxicam-13C,d3 is deuterium labeled Meloxicam. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 µM and 36.6 µM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    Meloxicam-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-131495
    (S)-6-O-Desmethylnaproxen
    		Inhibitor
    (S)-6-O-Desmethylnaproxen ((S)-6-Desmethyl Naproxen) is a metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and COX inhibitor (+)-naproxen ((S)-naproxen). (S)-6-O-Desmethylnaproxen is formed from (S)-naproxen by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A2 and CYP2C9.
    (S)-6-O-Desmethylnaproxen
  • HY-B0253S
    Piroxicam-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.68%
    Piroxicam-d3 (CP-16171-d3) is deuterium labeled Piroxicam. Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively .
    Piroxicam-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N0811
    Anemarsaponin B
    		Inhibitor 99.43%
    Anemarsaponin B is a steroidal saponin. Anemarsaponin B decreases the protein and mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2. Anemarsaponin B reduces the expressions and productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-a and IL-6. Anemarsaponin B inhibits the nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB by blocking the phosphorylation of IκBα. Anemarsaponin B also inhibits the phosphorylation of MAP kinase kinases 3/6 (MKK3/6) and mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3). Anti-inflammatory effect .
    Anemarsaponin B
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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