2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W023323
    (S)-β-Aminoisobutyric acid hydrochloride
    		99.90%
    (S)-β-Aminoisobutyric acid hydrochloride is a cytoprotective agent, which is a non-proteinogenic amino acid enantiomer derived from valine metabolism in skeletal muscle mitochondria. The plasma level of (S)-β-Aminoisobutyric acid hydrochloride increases significantly after acute aerobic exercise (and is not affected by the AGXT2 rs37369 genotype), and it is secreted by mouse extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles in ex vivo contraction assays. (S)-β-Aminoisobutyric acid hydrochloride specifically protects osteocytes from oxidative stress-induced cell death.
    (S)-β-Aminoisobutyric acid hydrochloride
  • HY-W011195
    Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate
    Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate is an endogenous metabolite.
    Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate
  • HY-N9516A
    Taurodehydrocholic acid sodium
    		99.87%
    Taurodehydrocholic acid sodium is a biliary cholesterol secretion activator. Taurodehydrocholic acid sodium significantly increases the expression of Abcg5 and decreases the expression of abc8. Taurodehydrocholic acid sodium can be used in the study of cholesterol metabolism.
    Taurodehydrocholic acid sodium
  • HY-B1718
    Choline theophyllinate
    		99.95%
    Choline theophyllinate (Oxtriphylline) is a choline salt of theophylline with anti-asthmatic activity.
    Choline theophyllinate
  • HY-W016812
    Orotic acid hydrate
    		99.94%
    Orotic acid hydrate is an endogenous metabolite.
    Orotic acid hydrate
  • HY-113463
    Cholesteryl eicosapentaenoate
    		99.9%
    Cholesteryl eicosapentaenoate (CE(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)), a cholesteryl ester, is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 14.6 μg/mL and 17.3 μg/mL, respectively. Cholesteryl eicosapentaenoate shows strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
    Cholesteryl eicosapentaenoate
  • HY-B0892S2
    Benzyl alcohol-d5
    		99.05%
    Benzyl alcohol-d5 is the deuterium labeled Benzyl alcohol. Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol; a colorless liquid with a mild pleasant aromatic odor.
    Benzyl alcohol-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-W015300S
    Suberic acid-d4
    		99.93%
    Suberic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Suberic acid. Suberic acid (Octanedioic acid) is found to be associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency.
    Suberic acid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-Y1718S1
    Tridecanoic acid-d25
    		99.54%
    Tridecanoic acid-d25 is the deuterium labeled Tridecanoic acid. Tridecanoic acid (N-Tridecanoic acid), a 13-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid, can serve as an antipersister and antibiofilm agent that may be applied to research bacterial infections. Tridecanoic acid inhibits Escherichia coli persistence and biofilm formation.
    Tridecanoic acid-d<sub>25</sub>
  • HY-B2176S4
    ATP-d14 dilithium
    		99.30%
    ATP-d14 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-d14) dilithium is deuterium labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation.
    ATP-d<sub>14</sub> dilithium
  • HY-N0666S6
    L-Aspartic acid-1,4-13C2
    		99.66%
    L-Aspartic acid-1,4-13C2 is the 13C-labeled L-Aspartic acid. L-Aspartic aicd is an amino acid that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. L-Aspartic aicd is commonly used for preparing prodrugs to target colon and cecal tissues. L-Aspartic aicd commonly used in the study of inflammatory conditions.
    L-Aspartic acid-1,4-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-113147B
    L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA
    		98.0%
    L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA, a long-chain acylcarnitine and a fatty acid metabolite, accumulates in the sarcolemma and deranges the membrane lipid environment during ischaemia. L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA inhibits KATP channel activity, without affecting the single channel conductance, through interaction with Kir6.2.
    L-Palmitoylcarnitine TFA
  • HY-113468R
    3-O-Methyl-DL-DOPA (Standard)
    3-O-Methyl-DL-DOPA (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-O-Methyl-DL-DOPA. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-O-Methyl-DL-DOPA is an endogenous metabolite present in Cerebrospinal_Fluid that can be used for the research of Epilepsy, Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency and Aromatic L Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency[4].
    3-O-Methyl-DL-DOPA (Standard)
  • HY-W008343
    1,3-Dimethyluracil
    		99.99%
    1,3-Dimethyluracil is a pyrimidone derives from a uracil. 1,3-Dimethyluracil found occasionally in human urine. 1,3-Dimethyluracil shows inhibition activity against hCA I and hCA II (human carbonic anhydrase) with Ki of 316.2 μM and 166.4 μM, respectively.
    1,3-Dimethyluracil
  • HY-109506R
    DPPC (Standard)
    DPPC (Standard) is the analytical standard of DPPC. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DPPC (129Y83) is a phosphoglyceride that can be used to prepare lipid monolayers, bilayers, and liposomes. DPPC is the main lipid component of pulmonary surfactant. Dppc-liposome can be effectively used as a delivery vector to induce an immune response against GSL antigen in mice.
    DPPC (Standard)
  • HY-14608S4
    L-Glutamic acid-13C5,15N,d5
    		99.9%
    L-Glutamic acid-13C5,15N,d5 is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.
    L-Glutamic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N,d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-N0390S3
    L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2,d5
    		99.91%
    L-Glutamine-13C5,15N2,d5 is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15N-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is an orally active nutritional agent and cellular metabolism regulator. L-Glutamine is taken up in a Na+-dependent manner and targets multiple key molecules including glutaminase, mTORC1, NF-κB, STAT-3 and HIF-1α. L-Glutamine enhances glutaminolytic catabolism, drives the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, thereby regulating gene expression, integrating metabolic signals, mediating glutamine flux and maintaining redox homeostasis. L-Glutamine also promotes cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing, exerts neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects, and inhibits osteoarthritis. L-Glutamine can be applied to research related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke and acute cantharidin-induced cardiotoxicity.
    L-Glutamine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-Z0283S
    Benzamide-15N
    		99.87%
    Benzamide-15N is a 15N-labeled Benzamide. Benzamide inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).
    Benzamide-<sup>15</sup>N
  • HY-W141932
    N-Stearoylglycine
    		99.95%
    N-stearoylglycine is a lipid and has a small ionizable polar headgroup whose charge is pH dependent and whose amide moiety can form H-bonded network between adjacent molecules in ordered films.
    N-Stearoylglycine
  • HY-113005S
    Glutarylcarnitine-d9 chloride
    		98.09%
    Glutarylcarnitine-d9 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Glutarylcarnitine chloride. Glutarylcarnitine is the diagnostic metabolite for malonic aciduria and glutaric aciduria type I monitored in most tandem mass spectrometry newborn screening programmes.
    Glutarylcarnitine-d<sub>9</sub> chloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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