2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-A0070AS1
    Liothyronine-13C9,15N
    Liothyronine-13C9,15N is the 13C and 15N labeled Liothyronine. Liothyronine is an active form of thyroid hormone. Liothyronine is a potent thyroid hormone receptors TRα and TRβ agonist with Kis of 2.33 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively.
    Liothyronine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>9</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N
  • HY-139576
    Larsucosterol
    Larsucosterol (DUR-928), a cholesterol metabolite, is a potent liver X receptor (LXR) antagonist. Larsucosterol as a potent endogenous regulator decreases lipogenesis. Larsucosterol inhibits the cholesterol biosynthesis via decreasing mRNA levels and inhibiting the activation of SREBP-1.
    Larsucosterol
  • HY-N0036R
    Costunolide (Standard)
    Costunolide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Costunolide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Costunolide ((+)-Costunolide) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Costunolide can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on breast cancer cells.
    Costunolide (Standard)
  • HY-128853S
    Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium
    		99.4%
    Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is a bile salt-related anionic detergent. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with Taurine (HY-B0351). Taurodeoxycholate-d6 sodium salt is used for isolation of membrane proteins including inner mitochondrial membrane proteins. Taurodeoxycholate-d6 (TDCA) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.
    Taurodeoxycholate-d<sub>6</sub> sodium
  • HY-101047R
    D-erythro-Sphingosine (Standard)
    D-erythro-Sphingosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-erythro-Sphingosine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-erythro-Sphingosine (Erythrosphingosine) is a very potent activator of p32-kinase with an EC50 of 8 μM, and inhibits protein kinase C (PKC). D-erythro-Sphingosine (Erythrosphingosine) is also a PP2A activator[1][2][3][4].
    D-erythro-Sphingosine (Standard)
  • HY-13675
    ME-143
    		99.01%
    ME-143 is a second-generation tumor-specific inhibitor of NADH oxidase. ME-143 inhibits the WNT/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer cells. ME-143 has broadly active against cancers in vitro and in vivo.
    ME-143
  • HY-108692S
    Enterolactone-d6
    Enterolactone-d6 is the deuterium labeled Enterolactone. Enterolactone is a bioactive phenolic metabolite known as a mammalian lignan derived from dietary lignans. Enterolactone has estrogenic properties and anti-breast cancer activity. Enterolactone is a radiosensitizer for human breast cancer cell lines through impaired DNA repair and increased apoptosis.
    Enterolactone-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0780R
    Isoalantolactone (Standard)
    Isoalantolactone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoalantolactone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoalantolactone is an apoptosis inducer, which also acts as an alkylating agent.
    Isoalantolactone (Standard)
  • HY-B0511S2
    Biotin-d2
    		98.53%
    Biotin-d2 is the deuterium labeled Biotin. Biotin is an enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell.
    Biotin-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-20685S2
    Palmitoylethanolamide-d5
    		99.80%
    Palmitoylethanolamide-d5 (Palmidol-d5, PEA-15,15,16,16,16-d5) is deuterium labeled Palmitoylethanolamide. Palmitoylethanolamide (Palmidrol) is an active endogenous compound which can used for preventing virus infection of the respiratory tract.
    Palmitoylethanolamide-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-138615S5
    Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate-d15 dilithium
    Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate-d15 (dTTP-d15) dilithium is the deuterium labeled Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (HY-138615). Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (dTTP) is one of the four nucleoside triphosphates. Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (dTTP) is used in the synthesis of DNA.
    Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate-d<sub>15</sub> dilithium
  • HY-18258S
    Berberine-d6 chloride
    Berberine-d6 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Berberine chloride. Berberine chloride is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties.
    Berberine-d<sub>6</sub> chloride
  • HY-B1659S2
    Glycerol-13C-1 (90% in water)
    		99.3%
    Glycerol-13C-1 (90% in water) is the 13C labeled Glycerol. Glycerol is used in sample preparation and gel formation for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    Glycerol-<sup>13</sup>C-1 (90% in water)
  • HY-N0733S5
    Glucosamine-13C6,15N hydrochloride
    Glucosamine-13C6,15N hydrochloride is the 13C and 15N labeled Glucosamine hydrochloride. Glucosamine hydrochloride (D-Glucosamine hydrochloride) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids.
    Glucosamine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N hydrochloride
  • HY-W009216S1
    2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphate-13C9,15N3 dilithium
    		99.8%
    2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid-13C9,15N3 dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled 2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid (HY-W009216). 2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid is an endogenous metabolite.
    2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>9</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>3</sub> dilithium
  • HY-13749AR
    Sitagliptin phosphate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Sitagliptin (MK-0431) phosphate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sitagliptin phosphate (HY-13749A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sitagliptin phosphate is an orally active and highly selective DPP4 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 19 nM. Sitagliptin phosphate blocks the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) by competing inhibition mechanism (Kᵢ = 1 nM), thereby increasing the level of active incretin. Sitagliptin phosphate can also directly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells by activating the cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways, and this effect is independent of DPP-4. Sitagliptin phosphate shows protective effects on pancreatic islet grafts in 1-type diabetes models. Sitagliptin phosphate can be used for the study of 1-type and 2-type diabetes.
    Sitagliptin phosphate (Standard)
  • HY-W015608R
    2-Phenylpropionic acid (Standard)
    2-Phenylpropionic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2-Phenylpropionic acid (HY-W015608). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2-Phenylpropionic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of alpha-Methylstyrene. 2-Phenylpropionic acid covalently binds to rat liver protein. 2-Phenylpropionic acid can be used in the research of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
    2-Phenylpropionic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0275C
    Oxytetracycline calcium
    Oxytetracycline calcium is an antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class. Oxytetracycline calcium potently inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxytetracycline calcium is a protein synthesis inhibitor and prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline calcium also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity.
    Oxytetracycline calcium
  • HY-B0166GL
    L-Ascorbic acid (GMP Like)
    		99.88%
    L-Ascorbic acid (GMP Like) is the GMP Like class L-Ascorbic acid (HY-B0166). L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate, Vitamin C), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.
    L-Ascorbic acid (GMP Like)
  • HY-118472S
    Benazeprilat-d5
    Benazeprilat-d5 is the deuterium labeled Benazeprilat.
    Benazeprilat-d<sub>5</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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