2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N1429
    Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium
    		98.0%
    Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (12-Deoxycholyltaurine) sodium is one of the main bioactive substances of animals' bile acid. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium induces apoptosis and shows obvious anti-inflammatory and immune regulation properties.
    Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium
  • HY-N0474
    Tyrosol
    		99.93%
    Tyrosol is a derivative of phenethyl alcohol. Tyrosol attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokines from cultured astrocytes and NF-κB activation. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.
    Tyrosol
  • HY-W104368
    Nicotinic acid riboside
    		99.90%
    Nicotinic acid riboside is a NAD+ precursor in human cells. Nicotinic acid riboside is an authentic intermediate of human NAD+ metabolism.
    Nicotinic acid riboside
  • HY-50730
    Asparagusic acid
    Asparagusic acid is a sulfur-containing flavor component produced by Asparagus officinalis Linn., with anti-parasitic effect. Asparagusic acid is a plant growth inhibitor.
    Asparagusic acid
  • HY-113253A
    N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride
    		98.0%
    N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride is a polyamine metabolite. N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride can be oxidatively deaminated by copper amine oxidase. N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride can also induce the differentiation of PC12 cells and promote neurite outgrowth.
    N8-Acetylspermidine dihydrochloride
  • HY-B0754A
    Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride
    Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride (Hematoporphyrin IX dihydrochloride), a photosensitizer, is a substrate for affinity chromatography of heme-binding proteins. Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride can induce apoptosis in U87 glioma cells and decrease tumor growth in vivo when exposed to red light.
    Hematoporphyrin dihydrochloride
  • HY-17577
    Berberine chloride hydrate
    		99.82%
    Berberine chloride hydrate (Natural Yellow 18 chloride hydrate) is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride hydrate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties.
    Berberine chloride hydrate
  • HY-N0076
    Bilobalide
    		99.92%
    Bilobalide, a sesquiterpene trilactone constituent of Ginkgo biloba, inhibits the NMDA-induced efflux of choline with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM. Bilobalide prevents apoptosis through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. Exerts protective and trophic effects on neurons.
    Bilobalide
  • HY-N2406
    Dihydrocaffeic acid
    		99.86%
    Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids. Dihydrocaffeic acid scavenges intracellular ROS and increases nitric oxide synthase activity. Dihydrocaffeic acid reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Dihydrocaffeic acid has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cartilage degradation activities.
    Dihydrocaffeic acid
  • HY-B1971
    Deltamethrin
    		99.93%
    Deltamethrin (Decamethrin) is an orally active synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and results in inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Deltamethrin has an anticancer effect by inducing apoptosis. Deltamethrin can be used extensively in pest control.
    Deltamethrin
  • HY-113135
    5-Methylcytidine
    		99.89%
    5-Methylcytidine is a nucleoside compound. 5-Methylcytidine has antiviral activity, and its IC50 against HSV-1 is 0.06 μM.
    5-Methylcytidine
  • HY-B2246
    L-Carnitine hydrochloride
    		99.88%
    L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine hydrochloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine hydrochloride can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism.
    L-Carnitine hydrochloride
  • HY-N0738
    Stachydrine hydrochloride
    		99.90%
    Stachydrine hydrochloride is the major active constituent of Leonurus artemisia, which is a potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. Anti-hypertrophic activities.
    Stachydrine hydrochloride
  • HY-114202
    delta-Valerobetaine
    		98.0%
    delta-Valerobetaine is a precursor of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).
    delta-Valerobetaine
  • HY-W015495
    L-Dihydroorotic acid
    		99.97%
    L-Dihydroorotic acid is an important intermediate in the metabolism of orotic acid and a substrate of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). L-Dihydroorotic acid can reversibly hydrolyze to yield the acyclic L-ureidosuccinic acid by dihydrowhey enzyme.
    L-Dihydroorotic acid
  • HY-N0623S2
    L-Tryptophan-13C11
    		99.80%
    L-Tryptophan-13C11 is the 13C-labeled L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3.
    L-Tryptophan-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>11</sub>
  • HY-18252
    Avanafil
    		Modulator 98.66%
    Avanafil (TA-1790) is a potent and selective phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor with IC50 values of 5.2 nM, 630 nM, 5700 nM, 6200 nM, 12000 nM, 27000 nM, 51000 nM and 53000 nM for PDE-5, PDE-6, PDE-4, PDE-10, PDE-8, PDE-7, PDE-2 and PDE-1, respectively. Avanafil activates NO/cGMP/PKG signaling-pathway to decrease loss in BMD, bone atrophy, and oxidative stress. Avanafil inhibits cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) hydrolysis and thus increases cGMP levels. Avanafil can be used for the research of erectile dysfunction and osteoporosis.
    Avanafil
  • HY-113212
    Ursocholic acid
    		99.33%
    Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis.
    Ursocholic acid
  • HY-N0470
    L-Lysine hydrochloride
    		98.00%
    L-lysine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid for humans with various benefits including treating herpes, increasing calcium absorption, reducing diabetes-related illnesses and improving gut health.
    L-Lysine hydrochloride
  • HY-B1473AS
    Serotonin-d4
    		99.61%
    Serotonin-d4 is deuterium labeled Serotonin. Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and an endogenous 5-HT receptor agonist. Serotonin is also a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor with a Ki of 44 μM.
    Serotonin-d<sub>4</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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