2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Cytoskeleton
  4. Microtubule/Tubulin

Microtubule/Tubulin

Microtubule/Tubulin

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Microtubules are a component of the cytoskeleton, found throughout the cytoplasm. These tubular polymers of tubulin can grow as long as 50 micrometres, with an average length of 25 µm, and are highly dynamic. The outer diameter of a microtubule is about 24 nm while the inner diameter is about 12 nm. Microtubules are found in eukaryotic cells and are formed by the polymerization of a dimer of two globular proteins, alpha and beta tubulin. Tubulin is one of several members of a small family of globular proteins. The tubulin superfamily includes five distinct families, the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, and epsilon-tubulins and a sixth family which is present only in kinetoplastid protozoa. The most common members of the tubulin family are α-tubulin and β-tubulin, the proteins that make up microtubules. Microtubules are very important in a number of cellular processes. They are involved in maintaining the structure of the cell.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-155043
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-42
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-42 (compound 10j), an indole-substituted furanone, is an inhibitor of tubulin polymerization with anti-cancer activity.
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-42
  • HY-N11766
    Calythropsin
    		Inhibitor
    Calythropsin is a cytotoxic chalcone, with weak effect on mitosis, and presumably also on tubulin polymerization.
    Calythropsin
  • HY-146209
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-13
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-13 (Compound 4f) is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor (IC50=0.37 μM). Tubulin polymerization-IN-13 shows anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells, induces apoptosis and potential antivascular activity.
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-13
  • HY-16457
    Simotaxel
    		Inhibitor
    Simotaxel (MST 997) is an orally active derivative of the taxane class. Simotaxel binds to β-tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization (EC₅₀ = 0.9 μM), inhibits tubulin depolymerization, and causes cell cycle arrest at the G₂-M phase. Simotaxel disrupts the formation of the mitotic spindle and triggers the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway (apoptosis). Simotaxel has inhibitory effects on Paclitaxel (HY-B0015) sensitive cell lines and overcomes drug resistance. Simotaxel can be used to study Paclitaxel / Docetaxel (HY-B0011) resistant solid tumors.
    Simotaxel
  • HY-126493
    DM4-SPDP
    		Inhibitor
    DM4-SPDP is a Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC. DM4-SPDP consists of the ADC cytotoxin DM4 (HY-12454) and a linker SPDP (HY-100216). DM4-SPDP can be used for synthesis of ADCs.
    DM4-SPDP
  • HY-145820
    Tubulin inhibitor 14
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin inhibitor 14 is a potent NQO2 (quinone oxidoreductase 2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.0 μM. Tubulin inhibitor 14 also inhibits tubulin polymerization and the formation of endothelial cell capillary-like tubes. Tubulin inhibitor 14 is a microtubule-destabilizing agent with potential tumor-selectivity and antiangiogenic and vascular disrupting features.
    Tubulin inhibitor 14
  • HY-153514
    HDAC-IN-54
    HDAC-IN-54 is a HDAC inhibitor with an IC50 of 25 nM against human HDAC1, 66 nM against HDAC2, 6.5 nM against HDAC3, and 281 nM against HDAC6. HDAC-IN-54 induces acetylation of α-tubulin and histone H3. HDAC-IN-54 acts synergistically with cisplatin to induce cancer cell apoptosis. HDAC-IN-54 can be used in research related to head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer, and tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
    HDAC-IN-54
  • HY-144786
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-4 is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor with IC50 value of 4.6 μM. Tubulin polymerization-IN-4 can disrupt tubulin polymerization and vasculature, arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, induce apoptosis, and suppress clonogenesis and migration in HeLa cells. Tubulin polymerization-IN-4 can be used for researching cervical cancer.
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-4
  • HY-181673
    ICD inducer-2
    		Inhibitor
    ICD inducer-2 is a immunogenic cell death inducer. ICD inducer-2 binds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin to inhibit tubulin polymerization. ICD inducer-2 exhibits broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity across multiple cancer cell lines. ICD inducer-2 inhibits cells migration, causes G2/M phase and induces apoptosis. ICD inducer-2 promotes infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment. ICD inducer-2 downregulates antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, upregulates proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bim-1, and increases cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, and cleaved PARP levels. ICD inducer-2 overcomes paclitaxel resistance in xenograft models and achieves tumor growth inhibition. ICD inducer-2 can be used for the research of cancer, such as lung carcinoma.
    ICD inducer-2
  • HY-N14734
    Disorazol A
    		Inhibitor
    Disorazol A1 is an tubulin inhibitor with antifungal activity. Disorazol A1 functions by inhibiting tubulin polymerization, interfering with microtubule formation, blocking mitosis, thus arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis. Disorazol A1 also exhibits an inhibitory effect against L929 mouse fibroblasts with an IC50 value of 3 pM. Disorazol A1 causes the accumulation of p53 protein in the cell nucleus. Disorazol A1 is promising for research of cancers.
    Disorazol A
  • HY-177680
    N-(Mal-PEG4)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-Exatecan)
    N-(Mal-PEG4)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-Exatecan) is a drug-linker conjugate for ADC (Drug-Linker Conjugate for ADC), consisting of a tubulin polymerization inhibitor MMAE (HY-15162) and a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor Exatecan (HY-13631), and an ADC linker composition. N-(Mal-PEG4)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-Exatecan) can be used for synthesis of ADCs and for cancer research.
    N-(Mal-PEG4)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE)-N-(PEG4-Val-Cit-PAB-Exatecan)
  • HY-16146
    Combretastatin A-1 phosphate tetrasodium
    		Inhibitor
    Combretastatin A-1 phosphate (OXi-4503) tetrasodium, a proagent of Combretastatin A-1, is a microtubule polymerization inhibitor that binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin. Combretastatin A-1 phosphate tetrasodium inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through tubulin depolymerization mediated AKT deactivation. Combretastatin A-1 phosphate tetrasodium exhibits anti-tumor and anti-vascular effects.
    Combretastatin A-1 phosphate tetrasodium
  • HY-147727
    Microtubule inhibitor 6
    		Inhibitor
    Microtubule inhibitor 6 (compound 17o) is a potent microtubule inhibitor. Microtubule inhibitor 6 shows cytotoxicity with IC50s of 14.0, 6.6, 7.0 nM for NCI-H460, BxPC-3, HT-29 cells, respectively. Microtubule inhibitor 6 efficiently inhibits microtubule polymerization.
    Microtubule inhibitor 6
  • HY-151153
    HDAC1-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    HDAC1-IN-5 is a potent HDAC1 inhibitor with IC50 values of 15 nM and 20 nM for HDAC1 and HDAC6, respectively. HDAC1-IN-5 can enhance the acetylation of histone H3 and α-tubulin, as well as promote the activation of caspase 3 in cancer cells, thereby inducing apoptosis. HDAC1-IN-5 induces chromatin damage by binding with DNA. HDAC1-IN-5 has strong inhibitory activity against tumor growth in xenograft mice.
    HDAC1-IN-5
  • HY-154960
    Tubulin/AKT1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin/AKT1-IN-1 (Compound D1-1) is an inhibitor of tubulin polymerization and AKT pathway activation. Tubulin/AKT1-IN-1 significantly inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of H1975 cells and slightly induced their apoptosis and can be used for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) research .
    Tubulin/AKT1-IN-1
  • HY-NP208
    Myelin Basic Protein (Porcine)
    		Inhibitor
    Myelin Basic Protein (Porcine), the second most abundant protein in central nervous system myelin, is responsible for adhesion of the cytosolic surfaces of multilayered compact myelin. Myelin Basic Protein (Porcine) mediates interactions with actin and tubulin and effect of post-translational modifications.
    Myelin Basic Protein (Porcine)
  • HY-180148
    Microtubule-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    Microtubule-IN-15 (Compound 10v) is a microtubule inhibitor. Microtubule-IN-15 inhibits the polymerization of tubulin, thereby preventing the formation of the spindle apparatus in cell mitosis and blocking the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Microtubule-IN-15 induces a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting tumor cell apoptosis. Microtubule-IN-15 can be used for the study of non-small cell lung cancer and liver cancer.
    Microtubule-IN-15
  • HY-182081
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-90
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-90 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor. Tubulin polymerization-IN-90 disrupts tubulin polymerization by binding to the nocodazole-binding site on β-tubulin. Tubulin polymerization-IN-90 induces the release of extracellular vesicles marked by the tetraspanin CD63. Tubulin polymerization-IN-90 induces the release of IL-8 from cells. Tubulin polymerization-IN-90 reduces the viability of cancer cells. Tubulin polymerization-IN-90 can be used in the research of cancers such as acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia.
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-90
  • HY-119587
    Alestramustine
    Alestramustine is an antineoplastic cytostatic agent that disrupts microtubule function by binding to microtubule-associated proteins and β-tubulin through its active metabolites, effectively inhibiting cell division.
    Alestramustine
  • HY-181074
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-88
    		Inhibitor
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-88 is a tubulin inhibitor that blocks tubulin polymerization, leading to microtubule destabilization and disruption of the mitotic spindle. Tubulin polymerization-IN-88 induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, and inhibits cancer cell migration and self-renewal of cancer stem cells. It exhibits in vitro anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells with selectivity over normal cells. Tubulin polymerization-IN-88 also demonstrates in vivo anti-cancer activity without significant toxicity. Tubulin polymerization-IN-88 is applicable for research on glioblastoma, lung cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia.
    Tubulin polymerization-IN-88
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity