2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Related Products

PDF 1.28 MB

Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-183771
    CDK4/6-IN-28
    		Inhibitor
    CDK4/6-IN-28 is a potent, orally active, and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor IC50 values of 14.02 and 10.03 nM, respectively. CDK4/6-IN-28 inhibits breast cancer cell colony formation, migration, and proliferation. CDK4/6-IN-28 induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. CDK4/6-IN-28 exhibits tumor inhibitory activity in breast cancer xenograft mouse models. CDK4/6-IN-28 can be used for the research of breast cancer.
    CDK4/6-IN-28
  • HY-162944
    NA-Ir
    NA-Ir is a Ferroptosis inducer. NA-Ir targets mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and activates the cGAS-STING pathway to induce ferritinophagy (Autophagy), while also generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through photodynamic therapy (PDT), depleting glutathione (GSH), and downregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), thereby triggering lipid peroxidation and Ferroptosis. NA-Ir exhibits higher anticancer activity under light exposure and selectively inhibits cancer cells with high H2S levels.
    NA-Ir
  • HY-126643
    Wedeloside
    Wedeloside is a diterpenoid amino glycoside isolated from the plant Wedelia asperrima. Wedeloside is capable of inhibiting ADP-stimulated respiration in mitochondria and possesses potential anti-tumor activity. Wedeloside is applicable in drug development and toxicological research.
    Wedeloside
  • HY-N0492AR
    α-Lipoic Acid sodium (Standard)
    α-Lipoic Acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Lipoic Acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1.
    α-Lipoic Acid sodium (Standard)
  • HY-P5345
    KLA peptide
    		Inhibitor
    KLA peptide is a naturally occurring Antibiotic peptide that is nontoxic outside of cells but is toxic when it enters into the interior of targeted cells. KLA peptide can induce cell Apoptosis by disrupting mitochondrial membranes and activating Caspase. MG1-KLA, formed by the coupling of KLA peptide with MG1, can selectively induce apoptosis in pro-inflammatory microglia. KLA peptide can be used for the research of liver fibrosis. KLA peptide can be used for the research of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
    KLA peptide
  • HY-174827
    POLRMT-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    POLRMT-IN-2 is a potent POLRMT inhibitor. POLRMT-IN-2 exhibits strong antiproliferative activity in MOLM-13 cells, with an IC50 of 1.01 μM. POLRMT-IN-2 disrupts mitochondrial function and induces apoptosis in MOLM-13cells. POLRMT-IN-2 can be used for the study of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).
    POLRMT-IN-2
  • HY-169865
    Bac-429
    Bac-429 (compound 23) is a N-acyl amino acid analog that stimulates mitochondrial respiration.
    Bac-429
  • HY-113410S
    3-Methylglutaric acid-d4
    		Inhibitor
    3-Methylglutaric acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na+, K+-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na+, K+-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration.
    3-Methylglutaric acid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-130133
    DHW-221
    		Inhibitor
    DHW-221 is a potent orally active dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, exhibiting low nanomolar potency against all four Class I PI3K isoforms and mTOR (PI3Kα, IC50 = 0.50 nM; PI3Kβ, IC50 = 1.9 nM; PI3Kγ, IC50 = 1.8 nM; PI3Kδ, IC50 = 0.74 nM; mTOR, IC50 = 3.9 nM). DHW-221 exerts antitumor effects by blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and inducing mitochondrial apoptosis and paraptosis (via Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress and MAPK signaling) and arrests cell cycle, thereby inhibiting cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis. DHW-221 inhibits tumor growth in both the A549/Taxol (HY-B0015) and the HCC827 xenograft mouse models. DHW-221 can be used for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colon and breast cancer research.
    DHW-221
  • HY-111321
    Fuscin
    		Inhibitor
    Fuscin, a fungal metabolite, CCR5 receptor antagonist with anti-HIV effects. Fuscin is a respiration and oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, and also a mitochondrial SH-dependent transport-linked functions inhibitor.
    Fuscin
  • HY-182009
    DNMT-IN-6
    DNMT-IN-6 is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor with activity against DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B. DNMT-IN-6 drives demethylation, and restores TMS1 tumor suppressor gene expression. DNMT-IN-6 induces apoptosis, causes G2/M phase arrest, disrupts mitochondrial integrity, and activates the intrinsic caspase cascade (3/7/9). DNMT-IN-6 inhibits tumor growth, and improves survival in xenograft models. DNMT-IN-6 can be used for the research of cancer, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
    DNMT-IN-6
  • HY-156090
    PK-10
    PK-10 is a synergistic antibacterial agent of Fluconazole (HY-B0101) and has strong antifungal activity against a variety of Fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains. PK-10 combined with Fluconazole can inhibit hyphae formation and induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. It further causes damage to mitochondrial membrane potential, reduces intracellular ATP content, and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction.
    PK-10
  • HY-W020215R
    Tricarballylic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Tricarballylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tricarballylic acid (HY-W020215). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tricarballylic acid is an orally active compound that can be produced by rumen microorganisms and has the activity of chelating magnesium. Tricarballylic acid is also a competitive inhibitor of aconitate hydratase, with a Ki value of 0.52 mM. Tricarballylic acid can inhibit the oxidation of acetate in the citric acid cycle and can be used in the research of ruminant tissue metabolism and grass tetany syndrome. In addition, Tricarballylic acid can be used to synthesize specific complexes and produce plasticizers.
    Tricarballylic acid (Standard)
  • HY-W758421
    Diquat-d8(dibromide)
    Diquat-d8 dibromide is a deuterium labeled Diquat dibromide (HY-122984). Diquat dibromide is a comprehensive herbicide. Diquat dibromide increases the production of ROS and triggers mitochondrial Autophagy. Diquat dibromide generates free radicals such as superoxide anions through redox cycles, which induce oxidative stress. Diquat dibromide is cytotoxic, reproductive, and neurotoxic. Diquat dibromide is used in cotton, soybean, and other crops to combat noxious weeds.
    Diquat-d<sub>8</sub>(dibromide)
  • HY-184173
    OXPHOS-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    OXPHOS-IN-3 is a mitochondria-targeted dual OXPHOS/glycolysis inhibitor. OXPHOS-IN-3 exhibits potent antiproliferative activity against pancreatic cancer cells. OXPHOS-IN-3 induces mitochondrial dysfunction, ferroptosis, and immunogenic cell death (ICD). OXPHOS-IN-3 shows potent antitumor activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) models.
    OXPHOS-IN-3
  • HY-B1836AR
    Meldonium dihydrate (Standard)
    		Activator
    Meldonium (dihydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Meldonium (dihydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Meldonium (MET-88) dihydrate functions as a cardioprotective agent by cpmpetetively inhibiting γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) and carnitine/organic cation transporter type 2 (OCTN2). Mildronate dihydrate exhibits IC50 values of 34-62 μM for human recombinant BBOX and an EC50 of 21 μM for human OCTN2. Meldonium dihydrate is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor.
    Meldonium dihydrate (Standard)
  • HY-172227
    S-15176
    		Inhibitor
    S-15176 is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). S-15176 inhibits mitochondrial swelling induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide with an IC50 value of 45.7 μM. S-15176 inhibits PTP opening, prevents mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation and NAD(P)H oxidation, and increases mitochondrial calcium loading capacity. S-15176 is promising for research of ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    S-15176
  • HY-182028
    17β-HSD10-IN-4
    17β-HSD10-IN-4 is a selective brain-penetrant 17β-HSD10 inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.33 μM. 17β-HSD10-IN-4 forms key interactions with the 17β-HSD10 catalytic triad to functionally inhibit the enzyme, without altering its protein levels. 17β-HSD10-IN-4 restores mitochondrial function, reduces ROS levels, increases ATP production, and suppresses cytochrome c release. 17β-HSD10-IN-4 attenuates CDK5/p25 activation, reduces Tau hyperphosphorylation, Aβ plaque load and restores brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. 17β-HSD10-IN-4 improves cognitive function.17β-HSD10-IN-4 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.
    17β-HSD10-IN-4
  • HY-181862
    SHK1112218
    SHK1112218 is an orally active mitochondrial proton carrier with an EC50 of 0.48 μM. SHK1112218 restores proton transport and increases oxygen consumption rate. SHK1112218 can be used for the research of diabetes, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
    SHK1112218
  • HY-181350
    CAIX/XII/NAMPT-IN-1
    CAIX/XII/NAMPT-IN-1 is a triple inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase IX/XII and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) with a hCA IX Ki of 78.1 nM, hCA XII Ki of 64.4 nM, and hNAMPT IC50 of 168 nM. CAIX/XII/NAMPT-IN-1 induces apoptosis, ROS accumulation, suppresses ERK/AKT signaling, inhibits DNA synthesis, and causes mitochondrial dysfunction. CAIX/XII/NAMPT-IN-1 exerts antiproliferative effects against multiple cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. CAIX/XII/NAMPT-IN-1 can be used for the research of cancer, such as renal carcinoma, glioblastoma and colorectal cancer.
    CAIX/XII/NAMPT-IN-1
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity