2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-141552
    FC9402
    		Inhibitor 98.19%
    FC9402 is a potent and selective sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) inhibitor extracted from patent WO 2020/146636 A1. FC9402 attenuates TAC-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and left ventricle (LV) fibrosis. FC9402 can be used for cardiovascular regulation.
    FC9402
  • HY-W006957
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine inhibits NF-κB/Smad signaling pathway, exhibits anti-hyperglycemia, antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is orally active.
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine
  • HY-158421
    MS-L6
    		99.95%
    MS-L6 is a potent inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) that can acts as electron transport chain complexes I (ETC-I) combining inhibition of NADH oxidation and uncoupling effect.
    MS-L6
  • HY-Y1366
    Hydroxyacetone
    		Activator 98.93%
    Hydroxyacetone is a toxic compound. Hydroxyacetone can be isolated from e-cigarette aerosols. Hydroxyacetone reduces the activity of cellular Mitochondrial reductase (with an IC50 of 5.53 mg/mL for mitochondrial reductase in BEAS-2B cells) and increases ROS levels. Hydroxyacetone induces mitochondrial stress and oxidative damage. Hydroxyacetone induces destabilization of F-actin. At high concentrations, Hydroxyacetone promotes cell rounding and Apoptotic body formation. Hydroxyacetone exerts toxic effects on cells including airway epithelial cells and possesses respiratory toxicity potential.\n
    Hydroxyacetone
  • HY-113884B
    (S)-Coriolic acid
    		Activator 99.0%
    (S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury.
    (S)-Coriolic acid
  • HY-164566
    POSH-IN-2
    		99.65%
    POSH-IN-2 (MIDI), a mitochondrial division inhibitor, is a DRP1 inhibitor that potently blocks mitochondrial fragmentation induced by cellular stresses and genetic mitochondrial lesions. POSH-IN-2 covalently interacts with DRP1-C367 to target DRP1 interaction with multiple receptors.
    POSH-IN-2
  • HY-N3383
    Ligustroside
    		99.75%
    Ligustroside (Ligstroside), a secoiridoid derivative, has outstanding performance on mitochondrial bioenergetics in models of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and brain ageing by mechanisms that may not interfere with Aβ production. Ligustroside significantly inhibits nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 macrophages.
    Ligustroside
  • HY-B2082
    Fursultiamine
    		99.71%
    Fursultiamine is a vitamin B1 derivative, has anti-nociceptive and antineoplastic activity. Fursultiamine can be used for vitamin B1?deficiency, osteoarthritis (OA) and cancer research.
    Fursultiamine
  • HY-B1836A
    Meldonium dihydrate
    		Activator 99.0%
    Meldonium (MET-88) dihydrate functions as a cardioprotective agent by cpmpetetively inhibiting γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) and carnitine/organic cation transporter type 2 (OCTN2). Mildronate dihydrate exhibits IC50 values of 34-62 μM for human recombinant BBOX and an EC50 of 21 μM for human OCTN2. Meldonium dihydrate is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor.
    Meldonium dihydrate
  • HY-P2911
    Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P))
    Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) (GLDH) can be found in hepatocytes, renal tissue, brain, muscle, and intestinal cells. Glutamate dehydrogenase NAD(P) is often used in biochemical studies. Glutamate dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme, it catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as part of the urea cycle.
    Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P))
  • HY-N0840
    Bruceantin
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Bruceantin ((-)-Bruceantin) is a quassinoid found in B. javanica. Bruceantin activates caspase signaling pathway, causes the mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell differentiation and apoptosis. Bruceantin exhibits anti-leukemia and antiprotozoal activities.
    Bruceantin
  • HY-14796
    Olesoxime
    		Inhibitor 99.04%
    Olesoxime (TRO 19622) is a mitochondrial-targeted neuroprotective compound with mean EC50 value for increasing cell survival is 3.2±0.2 μM.
    Olesoxime
  • HY-145707
    BAY-179
    		Inhibitor 99.83%
    BAY-179, a chemical probe, is a potent, selective, and species cross-reactive complex I inhibitor. BAY-179 shows IC50 values of 79 nM, 38 nM, 27 nM, and 47 nM for human, mouse, rat, and dog complex I, respectively.
    BAY-179
  • HY-119687
    Bifenazate
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Bifenazate is a carbazate acaricide that control 100% of mites at a concentration of 25 ppm. Bifenazate is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA receptor. Bifenazate is the inhibitor for the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III.
    Bifenazate
  • HY-W020215
    Tricarballylic acid
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    Tricarballylic acid is an orally active compound that can be produced by rumen microorganisms and has the activity of chelating magnesium. Tricarballylic acid is also a competitive inhibitor of aconitate hydratase, with a Ki value of 0.52 mM. Tricarballylic acid can inhibit the oxidation of acetate in the citric acid cycle and can be used in the research of ruminant tissue metabolism and grass tetany syndrome. In addition, Tricarballylic acid can be used to synthesize specific complexes and produce plasticizers.
    Tricarballylic acid
  • HY-138559
    GW604714X
    		Inhibitor 98.49%
    GW604714X is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration supported by pyruvate but not other substrates. GW604714X is a highly specific mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitor with a Ki <0.1 nM. GW604714X also inhibits L-lactate transport by the plasma membrane monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1), but at concentrations more than 4 orders of magnitude greater than the MPC.
    GW604714X
  • HY-110390
    GR148672X
    		99.58%
    GR148672X is an inhibitor of carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and hepatic microsomal triglyceride hydrolase (TGH). GR148672X blocks the catalytic activity of CES1, impairs the functions of triglyceride and cholesteryl ester lipase, reduces triglyceride mobilization and secretion, and decreases apolipoprotein B-100 secretion in primary rat hepatocytes. Under low-glucose conditions, GR148672X inhibits the survival of colorectal cancer cells by reducing free fatty acid availability, inducing toxic triglyceride accumulation, ROS production, mitochondrial damage, ferroptosis and apoptosis. GR148672X can be used in studies related to colorectal cancer and atherosclerosis.
    GR148672X
  • HY-W046353
    2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde
    		Inhibitor 98.95%
    2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde (o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde) is a natural compound that can be isolated from Cinnamomum cassia. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde inhibits topoisomerase-I/II and NF-κB signaling pathway, causes mitochondrial dysfunction, induces lysosomal vesiculation, thereby leading to DNA damage and cell apoptosis. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde exhibits antitumor effects.
    2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde
  • HY-174216
    PZL-A
    		Activator 99.72%
    PZL-A is a activator of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis. PZL-A restores wild-type-like activity to mutant forms of polymerase γ (POLγ) with AC50 s of 160 and 20 nM for A467T and G848S. PZL-A activates mtDNA synthesis in cells, enhancing biogenesis of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery and cellular respiration. PZL-A is promising for relieving POLG disease and other severe conditions linked to depletion of mtDNA.
    PZL-A
  • HY-155386
    Peroxynitrite sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Peroxynitrite sodium is a product of the diffusion-controlled reaction between nitric oxide and superoxide radicals, as well as an oxidant and an antiviral agent. Peroxynitrite sodium inhibits Mitochondrial respiration. Peroxynitrite sodium suppresses the replication of Coxsackievirus, partly by inhibiting viral RNA entry into host cells. Peroxynitrite sodium induces a significant nociceptive response.
    Peroxynitrite sodium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity