2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

PDF 4.04 MB

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-179519
    Umbelopsisin A
    		Inhibitor
    Umbelopsisin A is a GABAA and GABAB non-selective agonist. Umbelopsisin A activates the GABAergic pathway, including notch signaling and fatty acid metabolism. Umbelopsisin A shows dual neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity in vitro (reducing ROS and cell death) and in vivo. Umbelopsisin A can be used for the study of glaucoma and broader neurodegenerative disease applications.
    Umbelopsisin A
  • HY-131597
    8-Oxo-GTP
    		Substrate
    8-Oxo-GTP is an oxidized guanine nucleotide, produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). 8-Oxo-GTP serves as a substrate for MutT protein, GTP cyclohydrolase II, Mycobacterium tuberculosis MutT1, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1700, which hydrolyze it to corresponding nucleoside monophosphates or diphosphates. 8-Oxo-GTP causes detrimental effects including mutations and mistranslation when incorporated into nucleic acids. 8-Oxo-GTP can be used for the research of cancer and tuberculosis.
    8-Oxo-GTP
  • HY-16686R
    α-Tocopherol phosphate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    α-Tocopherol (phosphate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Tocopherol (phosphate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Tocopherol phosphate is a compound with the high activity of vitamin E.
    α-Tocopherol phosphate (Standard)
  • HY-168589
    Apoptosis inducer 30
    		Inducer
    Apoptosis inducer 30 (Compound 15a) is an anticancer agent. Apoptosis inducer 30 induces MCF-7 cells apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. Apoptosis inducer 30 induces intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, and blocks the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Apoptosis inducer 30 inhibits cell growth, with an IC50 value of 0.32 μM against MCF-7 cells, and inhibits tumor growth in a mouse model of breast cancer.
    Apoptosis inducer 30
  • HY-N12686
    Dichamanetin
    		Inducer
    Dichamanetin, a C-benzylated flavanone that can be isolated from Piper sarmentosum, is a potent antibacterial and anticancer agent. Dichamanetin displays antibacterial activity against a panel of Gram-positive strains, including resistant S. aureus strains with MIC values in the range of 1-7.5 μg/mL. Dichamanetin inhibits cancer cell growth by affecting ROS-related signaling components via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Dichamanetin can be used for colon, prostate, breast cancer and infection research.
    Dichamanetin
  • HY-N10176
    D-Isofloridoside
    		Inhibitor 98.59%
    D-Isofloridoside, one of the polysaccharide precursors, has the activity of scavenging free radicals, inhibiting ROS expression, and inhibiting MMP-2 and MMP-9.
    D-Isofloridoside
  • HY-P11471
    (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2
    		Activator
    (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2 (Compound (C-C10)C-C) is a dimeric lipopeptide and antibacterial agent. (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2 enhances the accumulation of ROS, inhibits the bacterial respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity. (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2 exhibits significant inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation. (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2 exhibits antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii AB1901, A. baumannii AB1902, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 25349, Staphylococcus aureus 11011, with MICs of 4 μM, 8 μM, 4 μM, and 8 μM, respectively. (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2 shows antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli ATCC 25922.
    (K(C10)GGGRrRPC)2
  • HY-B1115R
    Buspirone hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inducer
    Buspirone (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Buspirone (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Buspirone hydrochloride is a 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Buspirone hydrochloride can be used for anxiety and depression research.
    Buspirone hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-D2620
    CAR-2
    		Inducer
    CAR-2 is a BODIPY-based photosensitizer that induces ferroptosis in photodynamic therapy (PDT) by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets (LDs). CAR-2 exhibits phototoxicity in breast cancer cells with IC50 of 0.01-0.02 μM. CAR-2 exhibits antitumor efficacy in 4T1 xenograft mouse models.
    CAR-2
  • HY-P11093
    Papiliocin
    		Agonist
    Papiliocin is a potent peptide antibiotic with both anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Papiliocin is primarily active against Gram-negative bacteria. Papiliocin exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity against cell, exerting its anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of NO and the secretion of TNF-α and MIP-2. Papiliocin participates in the innate defense response mechanism by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor pathway and NF-κB. Papiliocin induces apoptosis in fungal cells and increases the total level of intracellular ROS. Papiliocin acts as an effective antiseptic peptide in sepsis models. Papiliocin is useful in anti-inflammatory and antibacterial research.
    Papiliocin
  • HY-162456
    Anticancer agent 205
    		Inducer
    Anticancer agent 205 (compound 9) is a potent anticancer agent. Anticancer agent 205 binds to G4-mtDNA target and inhibits the replication, transcription, and translation of mtDNA (mitochondrial genome). Anticancer agent 205 causes mitochondrial dysfunction, increases ROS production, induces DNA damage and cellular senescence. Anticancer agent 205 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrests at G0/G1 phase. Anticancer agent 205 has the potential for the research of colorectal cancer.
    Anticancer agent 205
  • HY-143243
    Antioxidant agent-5
    		Inhibitor
    Antioxidant agent-5 (compound D-6) is a potent antioxidant agent. Antioxidant agent-5 can inhibit oxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein)-induced apoptosis and the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in VECs. Antioxidant agent-5 suppresses oxLDL-induced increase of ROS level and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Antioxidant agent-5 protects against oxLDL-induced endothelial injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 anti-oxidation pathway.
    Antioxidant agent-5
  • HY-149997
    Anticancer agent 120
    		Inducer
    Anticancer agent 120 (compound 21) is an N-acylated ciprofloxacin derivative, which has certain antibacterial activity and induces ROS to promote cancer cell apoptosis.
    Anticancer agent 120
  • HY-146504
    Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 3
    		Inducer
    Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 3 (compound 7) is a potent topoisomerase I (Topo I) and II (Topo II) dual inhibitor. Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 3 can inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and induce apoptosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 3 can be used for liver cancer research.
    Topoisomerase I/II inhibitor 3
  • HY-179384
    PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1
    		Inducer
    PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 is a highly efficient and selective PROTAC degrader targeting FSP1. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 significantly induces the accumulation of intracellular lipid peroxides. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 exhibits synergistic induction of ferroptosis with GPX4 inhibitors. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 can induce ROS production. PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 upregulates the mRNA expression of ferroptosis-related proteins (GPX4, FTH1, ACSL4, TfR1, FSP1). PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1 can be used for the study of triple-negative breast cancer.
    PROTAC FSP1 degrader 1
  • HY-W740121
    4-Methoxy-d3 17b-estradiol
    4-Methoxy-d3 17b-estradiol is the deuterium labeled 4-Methoxyestradiol (HY-148296). 4-Methoxyestradiol is methoxylestradiol that induces oxidative DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells. 4-Methoxyestradiol also elevates ROS and SOD activities in H1355 cells.
    4-Methoxy-d<sub>3</sub> 17b-estradiol
  • HY-W271506
    TMPO
    		Substrate
    TMPO (3,3,5,5-Tetramethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide) is a spin trap targeting free radicals. TMPO is capable of scavenging superoxide, hydroxyl radicals and inhibits thymocyte apoptosis with EC50 values of 19.1 mM (MPS-induced) to 30.7 mM (Etoposide-induced) for inhibiting DNA fragmentation. TMPO reacts with intracellular free radicals to form stable nitroxide radical products, reducing oxidative stress (e.g., decreasing peroxide levels, maintaining glutathione content) and blocking oxidative events in the apoptotic pathway. TMPO is promising for research of apoptosis in immune cells like thymocytes.
    TMPO
  • HY-W782213
    Phthalic acid-13C
    		Inducer
    Phthalic acid-13C is the 13C-labeled Phthalic acid. Phthalic acid is the final common metabolite of phthalic acid esters (PAEs). Phthalic acid can be used for the synthesis of synthetic agents, such as isophthalic acid (IPA), and terephthalic acid (TPA). Phthalic acid has applications in the preparation of phthalate ester plasticizers. Phthalic acid exhibits mutagenic effect and causes genetic damage in mammalian germ cells.
    Phthalic acid-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-176740
    PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4
    		Activator
    PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 (Compound 2-38-III) is a Bcl-xL PROTAC degrader. PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 has strong anti-tumor activity against HepG2 cells and HUVEC cells. PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 induces cells apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and activating the MAPK signaling pathway. PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 significantly inhibits tumor growth in xenograft tumor mouse models. Pink: MAPK ligand (HY-176741); Blue: CRBN ligase ligand (HY-10984); Black: linker (HY-W017440)
    PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4
  • HY-175833
    NF-κB-IN-20
    		Inhibitor
    NF-κB-IN-20 is an orally active NF-κB inhibitor. NF-κB-IN-20 directly binds to the Keap1 protein, activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway, and simultaneously inhibiting the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, thereby synergistically reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. NF-κB-IN-20 M11 inhibits the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, significantly reduces the level of ROS, and restores the mitochondrial membrane potential. NF-κB-IN-20 can be used for the study of acute lung injury (ALI).
    NF-κB-IN-20
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity