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Glutathione Synthesis

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-Y0337A
    L-Cysteine hydrochloride
    Maximum Cited Publications
    12 Publications Verification

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    L-Cysteine hydrochloride is an orally active conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine hydrochloride suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents. L-Cysteine hydrochloride inhibits Aspergillus flavus growth and AFB synthesis by disrupting cell structure and antioxidant system balance. L-Cysteine hydrochloride enhances relaxant responses of rat aortic rings to NO and reduces responses to endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) .
    L-Cysteine hydrochloride
  • HY-113402
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine
    4 Publications Verification

    γ-Glu-Cys

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine
  • HY-Y1147
    Diethyl maleate
    1 Publications Verification

    Maleic acid diethyl ester

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Others
    Diethyl maleate (DEM) is an orally available, effective glutathione (GSH) depletor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Diethyl maleate covalently binds irreversibly to GSH via glutathione S-transferase with an in vitro IC50 of 0.1-0.5 mM. Diethyl maleate selectively depletes GSH in liver, lung, and brain tissues, exacerbating oxidative stress and enhancing hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Diethyl maleate promotes precursor amino acid uptake and in turn promotes GSH synthesis by upregulating the activity of the cystine-glutamate transporter XO -. Diethyl maleate can be used to study redox homeostasis and GSH protection mechanisms in oxidative stress-related diseases such as hyperbaric oxygen injury and metabolic diseases[1][2][3].
    Diethyl maleate
  • HY-113402A
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA
    4 Publications Verification

    γ-Glu-Cys TFA

    		 Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA
  • HY-W015600
    2-Acetamidophenol

    Orthocetamol

    		 Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) LDLR Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    2-Acetamidophenol (Orthocetamol) is a regulator that targets ferroptosis and glutathione metabolic pathways, is the ortho-regioisomer of Paracetamol (HY-66005). 2-Acetamidophenol has anti-atherosclerotic activity, and inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model with IC50s for 30 μM and 40 μM, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol upregulates the expression of glutathione synthesis-related genes (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport genes (such as FPN1, FTH), reduces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ions (Fe 2+), and enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase GPX4, thereby inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and foam cell formation .
    2-Acetamidophenol
  • HY-W015490
    1,4-Naphthoquinone
    3 Publications Verification

    		 Environmental Pollutants DNA/RNA Synthesis NF-κB Monoamine Oxidase TNF Receptor Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    1,4-Naphthoquinone is an inhibitor with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity targeting DNA polymerase, NF-κB and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A/B), with antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B (Ki=1.4 μM) and a non-competitive inhibitor of MAO-A (Ki=7.7 μM). 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits DNA polymerase pol α, β, γ, δ, ε, λ with IC50 ranging from 5.57-128 μM. 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and necrosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione (GSH), inhibiting DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis and blocking NF-κB nuclear translocation. 1,4-Naphthoquinone can be used in anti-bacterial , anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory studies, including inhibition of melanoma and colon cancer cell growth and endothelial cell function, as well as LPS-induced inflammation models .
    1,4-Naphthoquinone
  • HY-W010104
    L-Methionine sulfoxide

    H-Met(O)-OH

    		 Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    L-Methionine sulfoxide is an orally active oxidation product of Methionine (HY-N0326). L-Methionine sulfoxide can be partially converted into Methionine in the body and participate in the synthesis of glutathione in the liver. L-Methionine sulfoxide provides the body with sulfur activity and can participate in the synthesis of proteins and sulfur-containing compounds .
    L-Methionine sulfoxide
  • HY-W015490S
    1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds DNA/RNA Synthesis NF-κB Monoamine Oxidase TNF Receptor Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6 is the deuterium labeled 1,4-Naphthoquinone. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is an inhibitor with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity targeting DNA polymerase, NF-κB and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A/B), with antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B (Ki=1.4 μM) and a non-competitive inhibitor of MAO-A (Ki=7.7 μM). 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits DNA polymerase pol α, β, γ, δ, ε, λ with IC50 ranging from 5.57-128 μM. 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and necrosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione (GSH), inhibiting DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis and blocking NF-κB nuclear translocation. 1,4-Naphthoquinone can be used in anti-bacterial , anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory studies, including inhibition of melanoma and colon cancer cell growth and endothelial cell function, as well as LPS-induced inflammation models .
    1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6
  • HY-W010104R
    L-Methionine sulfoxide (Standard)

    H-Met(O)-OH (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    L-Methionine sulfoxide is an orally active oxidation product of Methionine (HY-N0326). L-Methionine sulfoxide can be partially converted into Methionine in the body and participate in the synthesis of glutathione in the liver. L-Methionine sulfoxide provides the body with sulfur activity and can participate in the synthesis of proteins and sulfur-containing compounds .
    L-Methionine sulfoxide (Standard)
  • HY-W015600R
    2-Acetamidophenol (Standard)

    Orthocetamol (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) LDLR Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    2-Acetamidophenol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2-Acetamidophenol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2-Acetamidophenol (Orthocetamol) is a regulator that targets ferroptosis and glutathione metabolic pathways, is the ortho-regioisomer of Paracetamol (HY-66005). 2-Acetamidophenol has anti-atherosclerotic activity, and inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model with IC50s for 30 μM and 40 μM, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol upregulates the expression of glutathione synthesis-related genes (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport genes (such as FPN1, FTH), reduces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ions (Fe 2+), and enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase GPX4, thereby inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and foam cell formation .
    2-Acetamidophenol (Standard)
  • HY-144868
    Glutathione synthesis-IN-1

    		Drug Derivative Metabolic Disease
    Glutathione synthesis-IN-1 (DC-1) is a glutathione synthesis inhibitor .
    Glutathione synthesis-IN-1
  • HY-W015600S
    2-Acetamidophenol-d3

    Orthocetamol-d3

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) LDLR Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    2-Acetamidophenol-d3 (Orthocetamol-d3) is the deuterium labeled 2-Acetamidophenol (HY-W015600). 2-Acetamidophenol (Orthocetamol) is a regulator that targets ferroptosis and glutathione metabolic pathways, is the ortho-regioisomer of Paracetamol (HY-66005). 2-Acetamidophenol has anti-atherosclerotic activity, and inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model with IC50s for 30 μM and 40 μM, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol upregulates the expression of glutathione synthesis-related genes (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport genes (such as FPN1, FTH), reduces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ions (Fe2+), and enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase GPX4, thereby inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and foam cell formation .
    2-Acetamidophenol-d3
  • HY-113402R
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard)

    γ-Glu-Cys (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-glutamylcysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (Standard)
  • HY-169138
    ZD 2138

    		Lipoxygenase Inflammation/Immunology
    ZD 2138 is a selective 5-lipoxygenase (5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor with an IC50 of 20-50 nM. ZD 2138 inhibits cytokine-induced rolling and adhesion of leukocytes on bovine aortic endothelial cells. ZD 2138 is applicable to research related to inflammatory diseases such as acute asthma .
    ZD 2138
  • HY-133105
    Procysteine

    Oxothiazolidinecarboxylic acid

    		 Drug Intermediate Inflammation/Immunology
    Procysteine, an antioxidant, is a proagent of cysteine that is inert until metabolized to cysteine intracellulary, thus stimulating glutathione synthesis .
    Procysteine
  • HY-117409
    Aminoethyl-SS-ethylalcohol

    		ADC Linker Cancer
    Aminoethyl-SS-ethylalcohol is a glutathione cleavable ADC linker used in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) .
    Aminoethyl-SS-ethylalcohol
  • HY-W015490R
    1,4-Naphthoquinone (Standard)

    		Reference Standards DNA/RNA Synthesis NF-κB Monoamine Oxidase TNF Receptor Bacterial Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    1,4-Naphthoquinone is an inhibitor with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity targeting DNA polymerase, NF-κB and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A/B), with antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B (Ki=1.4 μM) and a non-competitive inhibitor of MAO-A (Ki=7.7 μM). 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits DNA polymerase pol α, β, γ, δ, ε, λ with IC50 ranging from 5.57-128 μM. 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and necrosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione (GSH), inhibiting DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis and blocking NF-κB nuclear translocation. 1,4-Naphthoquinone can be used in anti-bacterial , anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory studies, including inhibition of melanoma and colon cancer cell growth and endothelial cell function, as well as LPS-induced inflammation models .
    1,4-Naphthoquinone (Standard)
  • HY-113402AR
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (Standard)

    γ-Glu-Cys TFA (Standard)

    		 Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (Standard)
  • HY-W423573
    N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester

    		Amino Acid Derivatives Others Metabolic Disease
    N,S-Diacetylcysteine ​​methyl ester is a cysteine ​​derivative that can increase the levels of intracellular cysteine ​​and glutathione. N,S-Diacetylcysteine ​​methyl ester is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterase to release cysteine, thereby promoting the synthesis of glutathione. Due to its acetylation properties, N,S-Diacetylcysteine ​​methyl ester has better cell membrane permeability and can enter the cell more effectively. N,S-Diacetylcysteine ​​methyl ester can be used to study the intracellular cysteine ​​and glutathione (GSH) transport system .
    N,S-Diacetylcysteine methyl ester
  • HY-W750959
    L-Methionine sulfoxide-13C

    H-Met(O)-OH-13C

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease
    L-Methionine sulfoxide- 13C (H-Met(O)-OH- 13C) is the 13C-labeled L-Methionine sulfoxide (HY-W010104). L-Methionine sulfoxide is an orally active oxidation product of Methionine (HY-N0326). L-Methionine sulfoxide can be partially converted into Methionine in the body and participate in the synthesis of glutathione in the liver. L-Methionine sulfoxide provides the body with sulfur activity and can participate in the synthesis of proteins and sulfur-containing compounds .
    L-Methionine sulfoxide-13C
  • HY-Y0337AR
    L-Cysteine hydrochloride (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Metabolic Disease Cancer
    L-Cysteine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Cysteine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Cysteine hydrochloride is an orally active conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine hydrochloride suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents. L-Cysteine hydrochloride inhibits Aspergillus flavus growth and AFB synthesis by disrupting cell structure and antioxidant system balance. L-Cysteine hydrochloride enhances relaxant responses of rat aortic rings to NO and reduces responses to endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) [4].
    L-Cysteine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-113402B
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium

    γ-Glu-Cys ammonium

    		 Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Endogenous Metabolite AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium (γ-Glu-Cys ammonium) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .
    Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium

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