2. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Anti-infection Autophagy Apoptosis Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. DNA/RNA Synthesis Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog HSV Autophagy Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Orthopoxvirus
  4. Cytarabine

Cytarabine  (Synonyms: Cytosine β-D-arabinofuranoside; Cytosine Arabinoside; Ara-C)

Cat. No.: HY-13605 Purity: 99.98%
SDS
COA
Handling Instructions Technical Support

Cytarabine, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine has antiviral effects against HSV. Cytarabine shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 147-94-4

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
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100 mg In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 68 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Cytarabine:

Cytarabine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

65 Publications Citing Use of MCE Cytarabine

WB
Cell Viability Assay

    Cytarabine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep Med. 2024 Sep 27:101770.  [Abstract]

    Cell viability of WiT49-parental and WiT49-PRC-1 cells treated with cytarabine. IC50 is shown in the figure. The WiT49-PRC-1 cells are 100-fold more sensitive to cytarabine and 20-fold more sensitive to alisertib than the parental WiT49 cells.

    Cytarabine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Leukemia. 2021 Mar 29.  [Abstract]

    TF-1 clones are incubated with 2 µM Cytarabine (araC) for up to 10 or 12 h, and cleaved caspase-3 is detected by immunoblot analysis.

    Cytarabine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Leukemia. 2021 Mar 29.  [Abstract]

    TF-1 clones were incubated with 2 µM araC or 1 µM DNR for up to 10 or 12 h, respectively, and cleaved caspase-3 was detected by immunoblot analysis. GAPDH was used as loading control.

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    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Cytarabine, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine has antiviral effects against HSV. Cytarabine shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.

    IC50 & Target[1]

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    HSV-1

     

    In Vitro

    Cytarabine is phosphorylated into a triphosphate form (Ara-CTP) involving deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), which competes with dCTP for incorporation into DNA, and then blocks DNA synthesis by inhibiting the function of DNA and RNA polymerases. Cytarabine displays a higher growth inhibitory activity towards wild-type CCRF-CEM cells compared to other acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells with IC50 of 16 nM[1].
    Cytarabine apparently induces apoptosis of rat sympathetic neurons at 10 μM, of which 100 μM shows the highest toxicity and kills over 80% of the neurons by 84 hours, involving the release of mitochondrial cytochrome-c and the activation of caspase-3, and the toxicity can be attenuated by p53 knockdown and delayed by bax deletion[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Cytarabine Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Cytarabine (250 mg/kg) also causes placental growth retardation and increases placental trophoblastic cells apoptosis in the placental labyrinth zone of the pregnant Slc:Wistar rats, which increases from 3 hour after the treatment and peaks at 6 hour before returning to control levels at 48 hour, with remarkably enhanced p53 protein, p53 trancriptional target genes such as p21, cyclinG1 and fas and caspase-3 activity[3].
    Cytarabine is highly effective against acute leukaemias, which causes the Cytarabine teristic G1/S blockage and synchronization, and increases the survival time for leukaemic Brown Norway rats in a weak dose-related fashion indicating that the use of higher dosages of Cytarabine does not contribute to its antileukaemic effectiveness in man[4].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    243.22

    Formula

    C9H13N3O5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1N=C(C=CN1[C@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)N
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source

    Xerocomus nigromaculatus
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : 48 mg/mL (197.35 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    DMSO : 17.3 mg/mL (71.13 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 4.1115 mL 20.5575 mL 41.1150 mL
    5 mM 0.8223 mL 4.1115 mL 8.2230 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    Concentration
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    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

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    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

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    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.55 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.55 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 100 mg/mL (411.15 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.98%

    SDS (557 KB)

    COA (252 KB) HNMR (260 KB) RP-HPLC (205 KB) LCMS (92 KB) Elemental Analysis Report (110 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Animal Administration
    [3]

    Pregnant rats are injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 250 mg/kg of Cytarabine on Day 13 of gestation (GD13). Under the conditions of this experiment, congenital anomalies and growth retardation are detected at a high rate in perinatal fetuses, although the incidence of fetal death is not markedly increased. At 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 h after the treatment, six dams each are killed by heart puncture under ether anesthesia, and the placentas are collected. As controls, six pregnant rats are injected i.p. with an equivalent volume of PBS on GD13 and killed at the same time point as Cytarabine-treated groups. Of the six dams obtained at each time point, three are used for histopathological analyses and three for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / H2O 1 mM 4.1115 mL 20.5575 mL 41.1150 mL 102.7876 mL
    5 mM 0.8223 mL 4.1115 mL 8.2230 mL 20.5575 mL
    10 mM 0.4112 mL 2.0558 mL 4.1115 mL 10.2788 mL
    15 mM 0.2741 mL 1.3705 mL 2.7410 mL 6.8525 mL
    20 mM 0.2056 mL 1.0279 mL 2.0558 mL 5.1394 mL
    25 mM 0.1645 mL 0.8223 mL 1.6446 mL 4.1115 mL
    30 mM 0.1371 mL 0.6853 mL 1.3705 mL 3.4263 mL
    40 mM 0.1028 mL 0.5139 mL 1.0279 mL 2.5697 mL
    50 mM 0.0822 mL 0.4112 mL 0.8223 mL 2.0558 mL
    60 mM 0.0685 mL 0.3426 mL 0.6853 mL 1.7131 mL
    H2O 80 mM 0.0514 mL 0.2570 mL 0.5139 mL 1.2848 mL
    100 mM 0.0411 mL 0.2056 mL 0.4112 mL 1.0279 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    Cytarabine Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Cytarabine147-94-4Cytosine β-D-arabinofuranoside Cytosine Arabinoside Ara-CDNA/RNA SynthesisNucleoside Antimetabolite/AnalogHSVAutophagyEndogenous MetaboliteApoptosisOrthopoxvirusHerpes simplex virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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